20. Rank the following elements from the smallest to largest ionization energy:
a. Sulfur, Oxygen, Polonium, Selenium

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Answer:

The melting of the caps increases the concentration of CO2 in the water, making its absorption faster.

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Explanation:

The polar caps of our planet have in their composition several elements, among them the CO2 that is absorbed by the atmosphere. Cold waters, which are present in the Arctic, have an easier time absorbing CO2 compared to other waters.

When glaciers melt, the CO2 that is present in the mixture is dissolved in the ocean, increasing its concentration. The cold waters that came from the ice caps increase the absorption of CO2.

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The electron charge on barium is +2

Hence electron charge is +2.

Barium (Ba) has a +2 electron charge, that is barium has a positive charge of two.

Barium ion gets +2 charge by losing two electrons from its valence shell and becomes a positively charged ion called a cation. Also, barium is placed in group 2 of the periodic table, therefore has 2 electrons in its valence shell.

It is easier to lose these two outer shell electrons to become an ion than to gain six electrons to attain a stable configuration.

As barium is placed in group 2, it has two electrons, therefore in the given reaction Ba → Ba²⁺, barium when changing to barium ion has a +2 charge.

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A scientific principle describes a more specific set of relationships than is usually identified as law.

A scientific law describes an important relationship that is observed in nature to occur consistently time after time. The difference between a scientific principle and scientific law is usually one of the extents of the phenomena covered by the explanation, but there is not always a clear distinction between the two.

A scientific law is an explanation of an observed phenomenon. No explanation is given as to why or why the phenomenon exists. Explanations of phenomena are called scientific theories. Scientific laws predict outcomes for specific initial conditions. You can predict the color of your child's hair, or how far a baseball will travel if it is shot at a certain angle. Theory by contrast attempts to provide the most logical explanation for why things happen the way they do.

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The baking of bread follows the law of conservation of mass. Baking is an irreversible chemical change in which chemical substances-  Ethanol and Carbon dioxide are formed.

During baking the dough loses weight during cooling. The total percentage loss is around 13%.Mass of the bread is also lost as steam. Carbon dioxide is also formed due to yeast, which converts the sugar. But the volume of the bread doubles. The steam puffs up the bread, giving it high hydration. After the bread is baked, the puffiness is reduced which makes the bread fluffy and light. 

Therefore, baking is a chemical change, occurring through the process of fermentation, which includes a series of steps to make a bread in which carbon dioxide rises the dough which eventually settles after cooling. 

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The boiling point of a 0.21 M solution of CaSO₄ in water is  0.107 °C.

For a dilute solution,

molarity ≅ molality

Molarity is approximately equal to the molality.

The elevation in the boiling point is a phenomenon that the boiling point of any liquid will be higher if any other compound is added to it. It depicts that a solution has higher boiling point than that of a solvent.

            ΔTb = i x Kb x m

where,

ΔTb = Boiling point elevation

i = Van't Hoff factor

Kb = Molal boiling point constant

m = Molality of solution

Van't Hoff factor is measurement of effect of solute. It is a ratio of concentration of particles to concentration of substance.

Here, i = 1, as CaSO₄ does not dissociate into ions in water.

Given data -

  Kb = 0.512°C/m

  m = 0.21 m

  i = 1

Putting the values,

ΔTb = 1 x 0.512 x 0.21

ΔTb = 0.107°C

Hence,

The boiling point of CaSO₄ is 0.107 °C

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Answer:

Water cycle follws conservation of mass

Explanation:

Water conservation is the practice of using water efficiently to reduce unnecessary water usage. According to Fresh Water Watch, water conservation is important because fresh clean water is a limited resource, as well as a costly one.

Matter is conserved in the water cycle as water is found on Earth in a fixed amount, and is never added nor removed from the earth or its atmosphere. The earth itself is a closed system, with all matter cycling through but never being created nor destroyed.

EXPLANATION IN DETAIL:

Water is one of the key ingredients to life on Earth. About 75 percent of our planet is covered by water or ice. The water cycle is the endless process that connects all of that water. It joins the Earth’s oceans, land, and atmosphere.

The Earth’s water cycle began about 3.8 billion years ago when rain fell on a cooling Earth, forming the oceans. The rain came from water vapor that escaped the magma in the Earth’s molten core into the atmosphere. Energy from the sun helped power the water cycle and Earth’s gravity kept water in the atmosphere from leaving the planet.

The oceans hold about 97 percent of the water on Earth. About 1.7 percent of Earth’s water is stored in polar ice caps and glaciers. Rivers, lakes, and soil hold approximately 1.7 percent. A tiny fraction—just 0.001 percent—exists in the Earth’s atmosphere as water vapor.

When molecules of water vapor return to liquid or solid form, they create cloud droplets that can fall back to Earth as rain or snow—a process called condensation. Most precipitation lands in the oceans. Precipitation that falls onto land flows into rivers, streams, and lakes. Some of it seeps into the soil where it is held underground as groundwater.

When warmed by the sun, water on the surface of oceans and freshwater bodies evaporates, forming a vapor. Water vapor rises into the atmosphere, where it condenses, forming clouds. It then falls back to the ground as precipitation. Moisture can also enter the atmosphere directly from ice or snow. In a process called sublimation, solid water, such as ice or snow, can transform directly into water vapor without first becoming a liquid.

Answer:

Water cycle follws conservation of mass

Explanation:

A fireplace poker glowing red when you heat it in the fire is referred to as a physical change.

This change is a reversible one in the physical properties of a substance such as the size, color etc. Physical change doesn't alter or change the chemical composition of a substance and no new products are formed in this process.

A fireplace poker glowing red when you heat it in the fire doesn't change the composition and is reversible when allowed to cool down which is why physical change was chosen as the most appropriate choice.

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we need to cancel the units

b/c would be equal to 1 to retain the same amount, remember, 1a=a

so

b/c=1mol/44g or 44g/1mol

alrighty

we waant to convert 27.8mols

so therefor a=27.8mol

27.8mol times b/c=D

we want c to be mols and b to be grams so the mols cancel

so thefor c=1mol

it would look like this:

I would write 1 mol of carbon dioxide for C (choice A)

Because oxygen is a gas that naturally occurs in the environment, you rarely encounter it as either solid or liquid.

Oxygen is a substance that, depending on its temperature and pressure, can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas. It exists as a gas, specifically a diatomic gas, in the atmosphere. Because oxygen is a gas that naturally occurs in the environment, you rarely encounter it as either solid or liquid. Since gas has too much energy to have volume or structure, it cannot be solid or liquid. Because the tank keeps the gas contained, you can't see oxygen in the air outdoors or in substances like water, which is why you see oxygen tanks (water).

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Answer:

Friar Laurence's plan of action once he realizes Romeo hasn't received his letter is to be their when juliet wakes up and taker her back to his cell until Romeo is told of the plan. Who is the first person to arrive at Juliet's tomb in Scene 3?

Explanation:

is there a difference in speed between cooling down and warming up ?

so, when will both reach room temperature ? relatively at the same rate (I assume the hot milk is further from room temperature than the cold milk) ? or maybe even absolutely at the same time ?

volume, length, mass are under Extrinsic properties where as Temperature, Density, Melting Point, Color, Boiling Point, Luster are the Intrinsic properties .

Extrinsic  properties are depend on the amount of the substance you have, all size measurements are extrinsic properties like length of a piece of wire.

Intrinsic properties are essential qualities of a material which characterize each of the substances but independent of the size of a sample.

An extrinsic property is not essential  to the subject where weight is an example of extrinsic property that depends on the strength of the gravitational field.

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Considering the definition of molar mass, there are 162 grams of Al in 6 moles of Al.

The molar mass of substance is a property defined as its mass per unit quantity of substance, in other words, molar mass is the amount of mass that a substance contains in one mole.

You want to determine the mass in 6 moles of Al. So, being the molar mass of Al is 27 g/mole, you can apply the following rule of three: If by definition of molar mass 1 mole of Al contains 27 grams, 6 moles of Al contains how much mass?

mass= (6 moles× 27 grams) ÷1 mole

mass= 162 grams

In summary, there are 162 grams of Al in 6 moles of Al.

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Answer:

A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition and properties that are constant throughout the sample. Mixtures are physical combinations of two or more elements and/or compounds.

The epinephrine hormone is released in the human body during stress and increases the metabolic ratio of the body. The simplest molecular formula for epinephrine is C₉H₁₃NO₃.

Epinephrine is also known as adrenaline, it is both the hormone and neurotransmitter.

As a hormone, its made and released by your adrenal gland.

As a neurotransmitter, its a chemical messenger that helps transmit nerve signal across the nerve endings to another nerve cell.

Epinephrine is also called as catecholamines, as a norepinephrine and dopamine.

Formula - C₉H₁₃NO₃

Molar mass - 183.204 g/mole

As a neurotransmitter epinephrine plays a small role, small amount is produced in your nerves.

The major role of epinephrine is in hormones. It releases by your adrenal  glands in response to stress. This reaction causes a number of change in body and is known as a fight -or- flight response.

Thus, epinephrine hormone is released in the human body during stress and increases the metabolic ratio of the body. The simplest molecular formula for epinephrine is C₉H₁₃NO₃.

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You may use a hand-lens to help you make this measurement.  A student investigates the vertical oscillations of the mass–spring system.

Depending on the point of view and the unit of time, velocity is the rate at which the direction of an object in motion changes over time. Velocity is a key concept in kinematics, the branch of classical mechanics that analyzes how bodies move.

The physical vector quantity known as velocity's magnitude and direction must be determined. The scalar absolute value (magnitude) of velocity is speed, a coherently derived unit whose quantity is measured in meters per second in the SI (metric system). In contrast to "5 meters per second east," which is a vector, "5 meters per second" is a scalar.

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The Minnesota Study is an example of the twins study

The Minnesota twin study of adult development began in 1986 to identify what causes individual differences in aging and study of identical (MZ) and fraternal (DZ) twins allows for estimation of how genes and environment affect the aging process and monozygotic or identical twins because they shared 100% of their inherited genes. Therefore, the researchers assumed that any differences between identical twins raised apart would be due to environment and similarities between identical twins raised apart would be due to genetics and this study proves that allow disentanglement of the shared genetic and environmental factors for the trait of interest.

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Answer:They occur when the Earth, the Sun, and the Moon are in a line. The gravitational forces of the Moon and the Sun both contribute to the tides.Spring tides occur during the full moon and the new moon. During the moon's quarter phases the sun and moon work at right angles, causing the bulges to cancel each other.

Neap tides occur during the first and third quarter moon, when the moon appears "half full." NOAA's tide and tidal current predictions take into account astronomical considerations due to the position of the moon and the sun.

Explanation:

If the students look out a window for 5 min. and record the number of vehicles that pass, the type of vehicle and color of the vehicle, then the students are observing (Option D is correct).

The scientific method is a series of sequential steps by which we can collect empirical evidence about a scientific question, and it involves observation and experimentation.

In conclusion, If the students look out a window for 5 min. and record the number of vehicles that pass, the type of vehicle and color of the vehicle, then the students are observing (Option D is correct).

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Number of grams of sodium sulfate that would be required to produce 120 grams of aluminum sulfate is 149g.

Mole is defined as the ratio of given mass to the molar mass of the substance.

Given,

Mass of aluminum sulfate = 120 g

Molar mass of Aluminum sulfate = 342g

Moles of aluminum sulfate can be calculated as

Given mass/ Molar mass

= 120/342

= 0.35mol

3(Na2SO4) + 2Al ----- Al2(SO4)3

We noticed that,

3 mol of Na2SO4 produces 1 mole of aluminum sulfate.

1 mole of sodium sulfate = 1/3 mole of aluminum sulfate.

Let x be the number of moles of (Na2SO4) = 1/3 × x = 0.35 mol of aluminum sulfate.

So, x = 1.05 mol × 142 = 149.1g.

Thus, we concluded that the number of grams of sodium sulfate that would be required to produce 120 grams of aluminum sulfate is 149g.

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The relative rate of effusion for the orange to blue spheres is 1.263.

Relative rate is defined as the ratio of the incidence rate of disease or death among the group exposed to the incidence rate of disease ox death among the unexposed group.

It is also defined as the rate at any one particular point of time. It can be measured in per second.

Rate of effusion of orange/ Rate of effusion of blue

= [M blue / M orange] ¹/₂

= 485 / 384 = 1.263

Thus, the relative rate of effusion for the orange to blue spheres is 1.263.

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Answer:

chloroplast

Explanation:

hope this helps!

Explanation:

number 5 have nucleus....

changed answer=chloroplast

Mass in grams of CH₃OH would need to be added to 380.1 g of water in order to lower the freezing point of water by 12.0 °C is 78.53 g .

The depression in freezing point is given as :

ΔT = i × K × m

given that :

molar mass of  CH₃OH = 32.04 g/mol

volume of water = 380.1 g = 0.3801 kg

change in freezing point = 12 °C

K = 1.86 °C/m

i = 1  (CH₃OH does not dissociate in water , so i =1 )

putting all the values :

m = 12 / 1 ×1.86

m =  6.45 m

now, molality =  moles of solute / solvent in kg

           6.45 moles/kg   =   moles / 0.3801 kg

        moles of solute = 2.451 moles

therefore,

mass = moles × molar mass

mass = 2.451 moles × 32.04 g/mol

         =  78.53 g  CH₃OH is needed

Thus , Mass in grams of CH₃OH would need to be added to 380.1 g of water in order to lower the freezing point of water by 12.0 °C is 78.53 g .

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Answer:

only 1 according to pauli no 2 electron have same set of quantum number

answer is A 1

Explanation:

according to pauli no 2 electron have same set of quantum number

Answer:

Observation and recording

Explanation:

She was observing the rainfall for a year, and recorded the events everyday to analyze

Answer:

I believe it's 5 because, valence electrons are electrons which are on the outer layer of an atom.

Answer:

1) Raises the temperature. 2) Increases volume.