10 percent solution means the solute is only 10% in the solution, so taking the volume of the solvent 100 ml then the mass of the solute will be either 10 gram or 10 ml. For example, 10% solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) means 10 grams of sodium chloride is mixed in 100 ml of water.
200mg=0.2g
0.2 x10=2ml
a pregnant client requires administration of an epidural block for management of pain during labor. for which conditions should the nurse check the client before administering the epidural block? select all that apply.
These are the conditions:
(A, B, & D) spinal abnormality, hypovolemnia, coagulation defects
A back injection (shot) of numbing medication is known as an epidural block. It causes numbness or a loss of feeling in your lower body. This lowers the discomfort of labor contractions. In order to lessen discomfort during surgery on the lower extremities, an epidural block may also be employed.
The client's spine, hypovolemia, and coagulation abnormalities should all be examined by the nurse. The use of an epidural in women with certain disorders is not advised. Contraindications for an epidural block do not include varicose veins, rashes, or bruising, but they do for massage.
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Question correction:
A pregnant client requires administration of an epidural block for management of pain during labor For which conditions should the nurse check the client before administering the epidural block? SATA
a) spinal abnormality
b) hypovolemnia
c) varicose veins
d) coagulation defects
e) skin rashes or bruises
How could the prevalence of a disease increase over time while the incidence remains the same? Explain.
Prevalence (fullness of the basin) will decrease if the incidence of the disease remains constant but the rate of mortality from the condition or the rate of cure rises.
The prevalence will increase if incidence stays the same while prevalent patients' lives are extended but they aren't cured.
How are incidence and prevalence related to one another?Incidence is the percentage or rate of people who develop a condition within a specific time period, as opposed to prevalence, which refers to the proportion of people who have a condition at or during a specific time period. The difference between prevalence and incidence percentage is that the former includes all instances—both new and old—in the population at the time in question, whereas the latter only includes new cases.
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a client has just had an epidural placed. before the procedure, her vital signs were as follows: bp 120/70, p90 bmp, r18 per min, and o2 sat 98%. now, 3 minutes after the procedure, the client says she feels lightheaded and nauseous. her vital signs are bp 80/40, p100 bmp, r20 per min, and o2 sat 96%. which interventions should the nurse perform?
Assist the patient into a semi-Fowler posture, check the fetal heart rate, start a 500 mL IV bolus, and give oxygen via a face mask to the patient.
How is an epidural inserted?An epidural needle is inserted between two vertebrae in the cervical, thoracic, or lumbar spine to access the epidural space during epidural anesthesia or analgesia.
To reach the epidural space, the needle must pass through numerous layers of tissues.
Where is the epidural inserted?Coverage of the dermatomes from T10 to L1 is required for appropriate pain reduction during the first stage of labor; during the second stage of labor, analgesia should extend caudally to S2-S4 (to encompass the pudendal nerve).
The most frequent epidural implantation occurs at the L3-L4 interspace in patients who are in labor.
When getting an epidural, does it hurt?The epidural injection site will be numbed by the physician anesthesiologist, which could result in a brief stinging or burning sensation.
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a client diagnosed with a stroke is ordered to receive warfarin. later, the nurse learns that the warfarin is contraindicated and the order is canceled. the nurse knows that the best alternative medication to give is
A client diagnosed with a stroke is ordered to receive warfarin. Later, the nurse learns that the warfarin is contraindicated and the order is canceled. The nurse knows that the best alternative medication to give is aspirin.
Aspirin- Aspirin, sometimes referred to as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat pain, fever, and/or inflammation. Inflammatory disorders including Kawasaki illness, pericarditis, and rheumatic fever are all treated with aspirin.
NSAID- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) are prescription pharmaceuticals that are widely used to alleviate pain, reduce inflammation, and lower a high body temperature. They are widely employed to treat disorders involving persistent pain, including arthritis, headaches, painful periods, sprains, strains, colds, and others. NSAIDs primarily function by blocking the cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX).
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a ventilator-dependent patient is being ventilated with a bag-valve mask as he is transported to the hospital. which finding is the best indication that the patient is being adequately ventilated during transport?
a pregnant client wants to know why the labor of a primigravida usually lasts longer than that of a woman who has already given birth once and is pregnant a second time. what explanation should the nurse offer the client?
a new perioperative nurse is being educated regarding surgical asepsis. what observations by the preceptor would indicate that there is a need for reinforcement of the principles of asepsis? select all that apply.
The nurse's back is facing the sterile field.
The nurse touches an unsterile object to the instrument tray.
The nurse is talking with the scrub nurse over the sterile field.
these are the observations by the preceptor.
What does surgical asepsis mean?Surgical asepsis is the absence of all microorganisms within any type of invasive procedure.
The sterile technique is a set of specific practices and procedures performed to make equipment and areas free from all microorganisms and to maintain that sterility (BC Centre for Disease Control, 2010).
Operating rooms, labor and delivery rooms, and special procedures or diagnostic areas are where the sterile technique is most frequently used.
Additionally, it is employed when performing sterile procedures at the patient's bedside, such as inserting devices into sterile body cavities or regions (e.g., insertion of chest tube, central venous line, or indwelling urinary catheter).
When the integrity of the skin is accessed, compromised, or broken in medical care, a sterile technique is always employed (e.g., burns or surgical incisions).
The use of sterile tools, sterile clothing, and sterile gloves are examples of sterile techniques (Perry et al., 2014).
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What should occur if a physician on scene performs an intervention that is outside of the paramedic's scope of practice?
If a physician on scene performs an intervention that is outside of the paramedic's scope of practice the physician is required to accompany the patient in the back of the ambulance.
What distinguishes a doctor from a physician?
A person who has completed medical school and holds an MD or a similar degree is known as a doctor in the medical field. Doctors also include dentists, optometrists, chiropractors, clinical psychologists, and podiatrists. Regardless of specialty, clinicians having an MD, DO, or MB are considered physicians.
What are the obligations and tasks of paramedics?
Respond to 911 calls for emergency medical help, such as doing CPR or bandaging a wound.Identify a patient's ailment and choose a treatment plan.Give sick or injured patients first aid treatment or life support services.In an ambulance, carefully transport patients.To learn more about paramedical click on the link below:
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Question:
What should occur if a physician on scene performs an intervention that is outside of the paramedics scope if practice?
A) the paramedic is required to disallow the physician to perform the intervention.
B) the physician is required to accompany the patient in the back of the ambulance.
C) the medical director must authorize the physician to perform the intervention.
D) the paramedic must allow the intervention and then transport the patient.
A 27 year old female approaches your ambulance. Which finding would indicate ineffective breathing might be the issue
A dry face
Blue lips and fingers
Yellow skin
Sweaty palms/hands
A client develops a skin reaction to one of their prescribed medications. this client also has a specific underlying pathology. this underlying pathology might serve as a:________
Answer:
contraindication for the use of certain medications.
Explanation:
How did dr. Allison test his hypothesis that sickle cell disease was connected to malaria?.
1) He expanded his study area beyond Kenya to the rest of East Africa to see if malaria and sickle disease were connected.
2) He evaluated blood samples for malaria parasites and the presence of sickle cells.
These two answers are that sickle cell disease was connected to malaria.
What connection did Dr. Allison observe between sickle cell and malaria?In 1949, British geneticist Anthony Allison found that the frequency of sickle cell carriers in tropical Africa was higher in regions where malaria raged all year long. Blood tests from children hospitalized with malaria found that nearly all were homozygous for the wild type of sickle cell allele.When heterozygotes have an advantage over people who have two copies of the wild-type allele, a disease can continue to be prevalent. Balanced polymorphism is at play when carriers have advantages that allow a harmful allele to survive in a population. Heterozygosity for an inherited disease that offers protection from an infectious disease is frequently associated with this type of polymorphism. The examples are interesting.To learn more about dr. Allison, refer
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If penalties are imposed only on the buyers of illegal drugs, the equilibrium price of illegal drugs will ________ and the equilibrium quantity will ________.
If penalties are imposed only on the buyers of illegal drugs, the equilibrium price of illegal drugs will fall and the equilibrium quantity will decrease.
What is meant by equilibrium price?A market-clearing price, often referred to as an equilibrium price, is the consumer cost associated with a good or service when supply and demand are equal or nearly equal. The manufacturer or vendor is free to transfer as many units as they like, and the consumer is free to access as many units as they like. Economic equilibrium in economics refers to a scenario where supply and demand are balanced and the values of economic variables do not change in the absence of external factors.
At the equilibrium price, there is neither a scarcity nor an excess of the good because buyers and sellers are both willing to purchase the same amount. Sellers can sell the quantity they want to sell at the market price, and buyers can purchase the quantity they want to purchase at the market price.
Hence, If penalties are imposed only on the buyers of illegal drugs, the equilibrium price of illegal drugs will fall and the equilibrium quantity will decrease.
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If penalties are only imposed on the buyers of illegal drugs, the equilibrium price of illegal drugs will fall and the equilibrium quantity will decrease. This is because there would be fewer buyers willing to purchase illegal drugs at a higher price, and thus, the quantity demanded would decrease.
This would lead to a decrease in the equilibrium price of illegal drugs, as suppliers would be willing to sell at a lower price in order to find buyers. In turn, this would lead to a decrease in the equilibrium quantity of illegal drugs, as there would be less of a market for these drugs.
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Wash cutting boards after each use to prevent the spread of A) Bacteria
B) Disease
C) Germs
D) Both A and C are correct
An Electronic Scope of Appointment valid for
The scope of the appointment for a client encounter can be gathered in a number of permissible ways.
For some Medicare client appointments, you may now use an electronic scope of the appointment. As long as the agent and client have access to a computer and an email address, you can utilize this eSOA.
Agents utilize this technique a lot these days because there are so many telephonic and internet enrollments. Customers simply need a few minutes to finish the scope. The process is really simple. The use of eSOAs is permitted by CMS.
If Medicare sales representatives wanted to discuss MA or PDP plans, they had to obtain a signed SOA 48 hours before meeting with their customer.
CMS continues to prefer that sales agents have a signed scope of appointment 48 hours beforehand, but they will accept SOAs that are signed just before a meeting if there is a valid excuse. Examples of causes include walk-in customers and telephone-arranged appointments.
The SOA's main function is to demonstrate the sales agent's authority to speak to a client or potential client about a certain type of plan or type of plan.
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a resident of a nursing home keeps trying to get out of bed to use the bathroom, despite having a urinary catheter in place. which intervention will best preserve this client's safety and could be used as an alternative to restraints?
Physical safety hazards, chemical hazards, biological hazards, physical hazards, and ergonomic hazard factors
Which intervention is most essential for maintaining the safety of a restrained client?
A client with a restraint should be reviewed every 30 minutes, not every 2 hours, to ensure client safety. The restraint should not be too friendly or too loose. The nurse should check the client's circulation and confirm that there is room to insert two finger widths between the control and the client.
What is the most essential thing to keep in mind to ensure your security at the workplace?
The best way to keep yourself safe is to be mindful of your surroundings. The more aware you are with your tasks and workplace, the more aware you'll be of the potential dangers. Knowing your surroundings and being aware of potential threats will help you and your co-workers avoid unnecessary or dangerous conditions.
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a 37-year-old man presents with worsening back pain for 1 week. he states that he has had back pain for years, but over the last week, his pain has increased, and he now has weakness in his legs. physical examination reveals 4/5 strength in the left leg and 3/5 strength in the right leg with decreased sensation. he has numbness to his buttocks and a post-void residual of 150 ml. what imaging study should be obtained
The imaging study that should be obtained is MRI of the lumbar spine.
What is MRI ?
A magnetic field and radio waves produced by a computer are used in the medical imaging procedure known as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which produces precise images of your body's organs and tissues. Large, magnetized tubes make up the majority of MRI equipment.
Possible cauda equina syndrome; urgent MRI recommended. Multiple lumbar and sacral nerve roots are compressed as a result of the syndrome, which is typically brought on by a central disk herniation.
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the nurse is caring for a client with an exacerbation of copd and scheduled for pulmonary function studies using a spirometer. which client statement would the nurse clarify?
The statement that the nurse should clarify is "I will breathe in through my mouth and out through my nose."
Spirometric testing is required for the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Due to worries about inaccurate findings in hospitalized patients who are not at their baseline, spirometric testing is often done in an outpatient environment.
Patients hospitalized for an acute COPD exacerbation experience diagnostic ambiguity due to a lack of confirmatory spirometric tests (AECOPD). Spirometry is used to identify respiratory disorders such asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and others.
A therapy for a chronic lung ailment may be monitored frequently using spirometry to see if it is improving your ability to breathe.
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Which behavioral sign does the nurse find in a client diagnosed with mild neurocognitive disorder (ncd)?
The behavioral sign found in a client diagnosed with mild neurocognitive disorder (NCD) can be: modest cognitive decline in learning and memory.
Neurocognitive disorder (NCD) is the decline or complete loss in the cognitive skills of an individual. The cognitive skills are: thinking, decision-making, reasoning, learning, etc. If any person is diagnosed with difficulty in performing such processes, then he/she suffers from NCD. Diseases like Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease are associated with NCD.
Learning is the potential to understand, acquire and remember about something. Learning can also be due to one's experiences. Hence learning is simply gaining knowledge about some facts or skills.
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a pregnant client in her second trimester informs the nurse that she needs to travel by air the following week. which precaution should the nurse instruct the client to take during the flight?
Wear support hose is the precaution the nurse should instruct the client to take during the flight.
The clothing items compression hose (socks) and compression stockings constrict and increase circulation in your calves and feet. These types of socks and stockings have a small amount of elasticity built into their fabric to help them maintain their form while fitting closely against your body.
After a lengthy travel, swelling legs and feet are painful but not unusual. The veins in your legs have a difficult time returning blood to your heart when you spend a lot of time in a small location and are unable to move around much. Your lower legs may experience pressure and edema as a result.
Compression socks are increasingly common as a way to reduce edema after flights.
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A client has burning upon urination. the urinalysis indicates pyuria. which is the next action the nurse will take?
In a case whereby A client has burning upon urination and the urinalysis indicates pyuria the next action the nurse will take is to Contact the health care provider .
What is pyuria?Pyuria can be described as the condition which do occur in patients as a result of the increased rise in the level of white blood cells in urine.
It should be noted that this can as well be caused as a result of urinary tract infection due sterile pyuria, , therefore in this case whereby A client has burning upon urination and the urinalysis indicates pyuria the next action the nurse will take is to Contact the health care provider for solutions.
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a researcher wants to collect data about fetuses that were exposed to high levels of lead during their mother’s pregnancy. the researcher plans to review the medical records for a control group (not known to be exposed to high levels of lead) and an experimental group quizlet
The short response is yes, it is permitted under Subpart B. This is because the researcher plans to review the medical records for a control group (not known to be exposed to high levels of lead) and an experimental group (exposed to high levels of lead) of fetuses from 12 weeks of gestation through delivery.
Because there is no added danger, research using newborns whose viability is unknown may be involved. The rules that apply to studies using pregnant women and fetuses as subjects are discussed in Subpart B.
45 CFR 46 contains Subpart B. (DHHS). Any relevant federal, state, or municipal rules and regulations governing such operations must be followed while doing research utilizing deceased fetuses or fetal material retrieved after delivery. If data related to deceased fetuses or fetal material is recorded in a way that allows live people to be
These real people who have been discovered via the research are regarded as research participants, and the researchers are required to adhere by any rules that are relevant to this group.
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Question correction:
A researcher wants to collect data about fetuses that were exposed to high levels of lead during their mother's pregnancy. The researcher plans to review the medical records for a control group (not known to be exposed to high levels of lead) and an experimental group (exposed to high levels of lead) of fetuses from 12 weeks of gestation through delivery. Is this research permitted under Subpart B?
the nurse is teaching a pregnant client some nonpharmacologic ways to handle common situations encountered during pregnancy. the nurse determines the session is successful when the client correctly chooses which condition that can be minimized if she avoids drinking fluids with her meals?
The nurse is demonstrating non-pharmacologic techniques for dealing with typical pregnancy-related circumstances to a pregnant client. When the client makes the right decision, the nurse judges the session as a success. If she refrains from consuming liquids with her meals, her heartburn will be less severe.
Non-pharmacologic means what?Non-pharmacological pain therapy describes methods for treating pain that don't use drugs.Non-pharmacological therapies aim to provide patients a sense of control while reducing fear, anguish, and worry as well as pain.Any sort of health intervention that is not based largely on medicine is referred to as a non-pharmaceutical intervention or non-pharmacological intervention.Examples include food modifications, exercise, and better sleep.The treatment of pain without the use of drugs is known as non-pharmacological pain management.To more effectively control and lessen pain, this technique makes use of strategies to change thoughts and concentrate.To learn more about Non-pharmacologic, refer to the following link:
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Why do second-generation h1 blockers cause less sedation then first-generation h1 blockers?
Second-generation h1 blockers cause less sedation than first-generation h1 blockers because they do not cross the blood-brain-barrier.
What are H1 histamine receptors?
D-chlorpheniramine (d-CPA) and diphenhydramine are examples of first-generation H1 histamine receptor antagonists that cause sleepiness in people. Presently, they are utilized as over-the-counter sleep aids. Due to their diverse, receptor-independent activities, these H1 histamine receptor antagonists cause sleepiness; nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying these effects are still unknown. Ketotifen, an H1 histamine receptor antagonist of the second generation, is more permeable to the brain than more recent H1 histamine receptor antagonists. In order to access sleep-inducing profiles through H1 histamine receptor blocking actions, the current study evaluated the dose-dependent effects of diphenhydramine and ketotifen on daily sleep-wake rhythms in rats.
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A patient agrees to routine medical treatment without receiving full information about the procedures involved in the treatment. this is an example of:______.
A patient agrees to routine medical treatment without receiving full information about the procedures involved in the treatment. This is an example of: consent.
Routine medical treatment is the checkup and care that is provided by the fixed set of medical practitioners on a regular period of time. This treatment is completely planned and covers certain aspects of examination and treatment as per the requirements of the patient.
Consent is the permission or allowance of a person related to something. The type of consent followed in medical practices is informed consent. Here the care provider informs the patient or person related to the patient about the treatments and they agree to it.
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the parents of a hospitalized 10-year-old ask the nurse if they can review the health care records of their child. what is the appropriate response from the nurse?
a nurse is assisting a client who is in the first stage of labor. which principle should the nurse keep in mind to help make this client's labor and birth as natural as possible?
The Nurse should keep in mind that women should be able to move about freely throughout labor.
Describe labor .
The process by which your child leaves the uterus is known as labor (also known as childbirth) (womb). When your cervix changes due to frequent contractions, you are in labor. The uterine muscles contract during a contraction before relaxing. Contractions aid in ejecting your unborn child from your womb.
The following are six key ideas that help labor and delivery be as natural as possible: Labor should start naturally without being artificially induced; women should be free to move around during labor rather than being confined to a bed; they should receive constant support from a caring person during labor; routine use of interventions like intravenous fluids should be avoided; women should be allowed to give birth in a nonsupine position such as upright or side-lying; and mother and baby should be housed together after the birth with unlimted access to food and water.
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If susan learns that her infertility problem is due to a problem with the __________ successfully implanting, something went wrong during the germinal period.
Something went wrong at the germinal stage if Susan discovers that her infertility issue is caused by a difficulty with the Blastocyst effectively implanting.
Infertility: What is it?In general, infertility is characterised as the inability to conceive (get pregnant) after one year (or more) of unprotected intercourse. Because women's fertility is known to drop significantly with age, some medical professionals assess and treat women 35 years of age or older after six months of unprotected intercourse.Infertility is a Having timed, unprotected intercourse for a year but not getting pregnant.Although the exact reason of infertility may be difficult to pinpoint, it may be due to problems with ovulation in women and/or low levels of a few hormones in both men and women.Inability to conceive is the major symptom. There are frequently no other symptoms present.Numerous therapies dramatically increase the likelihood of becoming pregnant.To know more about infertility, refer to the following link:
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the client tells the nurse that the health care provider described a drug as having ""no ceiling effect."" how should the nurse respond when the client asks what that means?
The nurse responds It is a valuable drug to use because the dosage
can be increased to relieve pain when pain increases or tolerance
develops.
What Is a Drug Ceiling Effect?
The term "drug ceiling effect" describes a specific pharmacological phenomenon where a drug's effects on the body plateau. Currently, taking higher doses has no more of an impact. In a sense, it has reached its limit. This occurs with a variety of medications, including opioids and aspirin. On the one hand, this contributes to the fact that many people overdose on drugs for which they already have a tolerance. The use of agonists, however, enables it to also be used to treat opioids.One of the most challenging periods of withdrawal is the initial few days and weeks after stopping using drugs or alcohol. More severe symptoms affect some people than others. In general, the withdrawal symptoms are worse the more dangerous the substance, the higher the doses, and the longer the continued use.Some treatment facilities use agonists that mimic the effects of opioids to make the process more tolerable. This is why the drug ceiling effect is so beneficial during treatment because they are opioids themselves.However, because they are given by medical professionals, they are safer than opioids used recreationally. As the body gradually loses the substance, these medications help to lessen the shock.
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a nurse is concerned that a client may develop postoperative atelectasis. which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate if this complication occurs?
nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate if this complication occurs
Impaired gas exchange.
What is meant by impaired gas exchange?You cannot effectively receive enough oxygen or expel carbon dioxide from your body when gas exchange is compromised. Shortness of breath is one of the symptoms that can result from this, especially when you exert yourself. coughing.In the initial evaluation, 42.6% of the children had the diagnosis with Impaired gas exchange.
The trait that offered the most accurate measurements was hypoxemia.
Restlessness, cyanosis, and abnormal skin color displayed high specificity, whereas abnormal breathing displayed high sensitivity. The high positive predictive value of cyanosis stood out among the characteristics, which all had negative predictive values of 70% or higher.To learn more about nurse assessment, refer
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a client has been admitted to the unit for treatment of a multiple sclerosis exacerbation. the admission order indicates that the client is taking baclofen. which outcome would the nurse expect to be associated with use of this medication?
The client is taking baclofen, according to the admitting order. The nurse anticipates that using this drug will cause a decrease in muscle spasms.
What do you mean by exacerbation?
In medicine, an exacerbation is a deterioration of a disease or an increase in its symptoms. Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive lung disease and acute exacerbation of congestive heart failure are two examples. Exacerbations can be treated with bronchodilators, corticosteroids, antibiotics, oxygen treatment, and ventilation. COPD refers to a group of long-term lung disorders. The illness worsens over time, and symptoms include wheezing.These flare-ups are frequently associated with a viral or bacterial lung infection, such as a cold or another disease.
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