A graduated cylinder has a mass of 80.0 g when empty. When 20.0 mL of water is added, the
graduated cylinder has a mass of 100.0 g. If a stone is added to the graduated cylinder, the water level rises to 45.0 mL and the total mass is now 156.0 g. What is the density of the stone?

Neo-pentane represents the Compound A while compound B is n-pentane.

After careful consideration we can say that compounds A and B are alkanes and also isomers of pentane. In chemistry, Isomers are defined as compounds having same empirical molecular formula but different structural formulas due to varying arrangement of atoms.

Now, as per the question statement, compound A gives a single monochlorination product upon heating with the molecule of chlorine i.e. Cl2 showing that the molecule is extremely symmetric. This molecule must be neo-pentane. Refer to image 1.

Similarly, Compound B forms 3 constitutional isomers after undergoing monochlorination. This compound must be n-pentane since three are 3 different types of carbon atoms in the structure. Refer to image 2.

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Neopentane makes up component A, while n-pentane makes up compound B.

First and foremost, it is important to understand that compounds A and B are isomers and alkanes of pentane. Compounds with distinct structural formulas but the same molecular formula are known as isomers.

When heated with Cl2, compound A now produces a single monochlorination product, demonstrating the molecule's high degree of symmetry. Neopentane must be this chemical (image 1).

Upon monochlorination, compound B divides into three constitutional isomers.

A halogen atom is replaced with another substance in a process known as halogenation, where the halogen atom eventually becomes a component of the new substance or compound. In general, one or more halogens are typically added to the chemical during the halogenation reaction.

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Considering the definition of atomic mass, isotopes and atomic mass of an element, the percent natural abundance of antimony-121 and antimony-123 are 57.2% and 42.8% respectively.

The atomic mass (A) is obtained by adding the number of protons and neutrons in a given nucleus of a chemical element.

Isotopes of an element are those where their atomic numbers are the same, but the number of neutrons is different.

The atomic mass of an element is the weighted average mass of its natural isotopes.

The atomic masses of chemical elements are usually calculated as the weighted average of the masses of the different isotopes of each element, taking into account the relative abundance of each of them.

In this case, you know that:

The average mass of antimony can be calculated as:

120.904 amu×x + 122.904 amu×(1-x)= 121.76 amu

Solving it is possible to calculate the value of x:

120.904 amu×x + 122.904 amu×1- 122.904 amu×x= 121.76 amu

120.904 amu×x + 122.904 amu- 122.904 amu×x= 121.76 amu

120.904 amu×x - 122.904 amu×x= 121.76 amu - 122.904 amu

(-2 amu)×x= -1.144 amu

x= (-1.144 amu)÷ (-2 amu)

x= 0.572 → x%= 57.2%

So, the value (1-x) is 1-0.572= 0.428 → (100 -x)%= (100-57.2)%= 42.8%

Finally, the percent natural abundance of antimony-121 and antimony-123 are 57.2% and 42.8% respectively.

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Answer:

you can't weigh an atom on a traditional scale. Instead, physicists for over a century have used an instrument called a mass spectrometer.

The answer would be for this question is wave and orbital.

In the quantum mechanical model of the atom, an electron is seen as a wave substance that covered a 3- d space near the nucleus, the motion of the electron is explained by wave function, which is also called as a atomic orbital.

Wave function : It is a mathematical function it tells the position of the particular electron.

Atomic Orbital : It explains the position and wave kinda behaviour of an electron in the specific atom.

Quantum Mechanical model of the atom explains the particular position and functioning of an electron also it explains the different energy levels like orbital , energy sublevel and principal energy level.

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Answer:  it's B And D

Explanation:

We'll be subtracting 273.15 from it.

(265 - 273.65)°C = -8.15°C

The density of liquid is 1.4g/ml

Here, given volume of a liquid is 26.0 ml= 0.026 L

given mass of liquid is 36.4 g

⇒ density = mass/volume    
                =36.4 /26.0

                =1.4g/ml

                =1400g/L

density is  mass of a unit volume of a any substance.
The formula of density is d = M/V, where d =density, M = mass, and V = volume.

The  units  of density are  grams per cubic centimetre,g/ml or g/L
For example,The density of gaseous oxygen is 0.0014 g/cm3, compared with liquid oxygen  has a density of 1.1 g/cm3. So, solid masses have a high density as the particles are very close together, liquid masses are slightly less dense, and gas masses have  very low density where particles are much further apart from each other.

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The correct option is (c) Gold.

The Specific Heat of the given metal is to be calculated and then compared to Specific Heat of respective metals in the options.

The amount of heat per unit mass needed to raise the temperature by one degree Celsius is known as the specific heat. The formula below, where c is the specific heat, is typically used to explain the relationship between heat and temperature change. If a phase shift occurs, the relationship is invalid because the temperature is unaffected by the heat added or lost during a phase transition.The unit "calorie" can also be used to measure specific heat, which is often measured in Joules per gram per degree Celsius (J/kg °C).Every substance has a unique specific heat capacity, a number that characterizes its chemical feature.

                Q=mcΔT

where,

Q= heat added (Joules)

m= mass (grams)

c= specific heat (J/ kg °C)

ΔT= change in temperature (T₂(final) – T₁(initial))

mass of water, m₁ = 10 g =  [tex]10^-2[/tex] kg

mass of metal, m₂ = 30 g = 3× [tex]10^-2[/tex] kg

Initial temperature of water, T₁ = 10° C

Initial temperature of metal, T₂ = 131° C

Final Equilibrium Temperature, T= 20°C

So, Heat gained by water = Heat loss by metal

⇒ m₁ c₁ (T - T₁) = m₂ c₂ ( T₂ - T)       [ c₁ and c₂ are Specific Heat of water and metal respectively]  [ c₁ = 4200 J/kg °C ]

⇒  [tex]10^-2[/tex] × 4200 × ( 20 - 10) = 3 × [tex]10^-2[/tex] × c₂ × (131 - 20)

⇒ c₂ = ( [tex]10^-2[/tex] × 4200 × 10) / ( 3× [tex]10^-2[/tex] × 111)

⇒ c₂ =  126.126 J/kg °C

The Specific heat of metal is  126.126 J/kg °C which is equivalent to the Specific heat of Gold.

So, the metal is Gold.

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The complete question is:

"suppose 10g of liquid water at 10°C is placed in an insulated cup. if a 30g piece of metal at 131°C is placed in the water and brought to equilibrium at 20°C, what type of metal is it ?"

      a.silver

      b.copper

      c.gold

      d.aluminium

      e.tungsten

Assuming temperature was the same before and after reaction and all gases acted ideally, the final pressure of the container is 2.24 atm.

A gas’s pressure is defined as the strain it causes on the container’s walls. When you blow air into a balloon, the envelope opens because the pressure of the air molecules inside the balloon is higher than on the outside.

The direction in which mass flows is calculated while determining pressure.

The force created when gas particles collide with the wall of their container is known as gas pressure. Force is applied to a region to create pressure.

The force that a gas applies to a particular area is known as gas pressure.

As it is a rigid container, so volume will not change.

So V and T are fixed.

Initially total moles  = 0.58+0.42

n1 = 1 mole

H2 + F2 = 2HF

We have total moles = 0.84 +0.16 after reaction

= 1mole

n2 = 1 mole P1 = 2.24atm

so P1/n1 = P2/n2

⇒ 2.24/1 = P2/1

⇒ P2 = 2.24 atm

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Answer:

[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1

Explanation

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s1

bc the composition of gold is very packed full of multiple other elements.

The dependent variable in the experiment conducted by the scientist to determine the amount of salt in a body of water that affects the number of plants that can live in the water is the water.

That is, water is the dependent variable in the experiment.

Generally, a variable that is subject to change or manipulated in a scientific study is called the independent variable. The changes made in this independent variable may lead to a change in another variable called the dependent variable.

The Dependent variable is the variable that is affected in the study which is measured in the experiment. As in the case with the experimental study, the independent variable is the amount of salt as it can be manipulated by the scientist whereas the dependent variable is the water whose tendency is affected by the manipulation of the amount of salt so that the number of plants affected could be calculated easily.

Thus, the dependent variable is water and the independent variable is salt.

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Answer:

Solubility is typically a limit to how much solute can dissolve in a given amount of solvent. Concentration is the quantitative amount of solute dissolved at any concentration in a solvent.

Explanation:

Difference between how to measure a liquid sample from a buret verus a graduated cylinder is- A burette is a scaled cylindrical tube attached to a turning plug or stopcock or a valve whereas a graduated cylinder is a cylinder used to measure bulk volumes.

A burette is a laboratory apparatus used in chemical analysis to measure a liquid sample, having a graduated glass tube with a turning plug at one end and the graduated cylinder is a also a laboratory apparatus used to measure liquid sample.

To measure the liquid sample, you pour the liquid into measuring cylinder. The cylinder has volume graduation marks on the side of the cylinder which indicates the volume. Volume can be read directly from the bottom of the liquid meniscus. A burette is preferred to be used in titration because it can be used to dispense accurate volumes of liquid and it can contain enough amount of reagents for titration. It has graduation marks used to read the volume delivered and it reads from top to bottom starting zero.

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Explanation:

let's have a look at bohrs postulates to answer the question, (bohrs model was applicable only for hydrogen like species)

Now coming to your question,

Electrons can only orbit the nucleus in a fixed circular orbit.

Electrons prefer fo orbit in the shell which are close to nucleus or having less energy.

Each shell can only hold a specific number of electrons given by formula 2n² where n is the number of shell,

the 1st shell can hold 2n² = 2×1² = 2 electrons

the 2nd shell can hold 2×2² = 8 electrons

the 3rd shell can hold 2×3² = 18 electrons

An atom can gain or lose electrons to form an ion.

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C. The event that occurs during high tide is the gravity of the Sun and moon cause the Earth’s crust and water to bulge.

High and low tides refer to the regular rise and fall of the ocean's waters.

High tide is when water covers much of the shore after rising to its highest level.

Low tide is when the water retreats to its lowest level, moving away from the shore.

Thus, we can conclude that the event that occurs during high tide is the gravity of the Sun and moon cause the Earth’s crust and water to bulge.

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This is a methanediol CH₂(OH)₂. The line structure have been attached in the figure given below.

This is also known as formaldehyde monohydrate. This is a organic compound with chemical formula CH₂(OH)₂, this is simply known as geminal diol which is a sugar alcohol. This is the product of hydration of formaldehyde. It is believe that this is occur as an intermediate in the decomposition of carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere and this is the by product of ozonolysis. It is used in and a microbial activity, biocide and nail conditioning. This also used in household products and commercial industries.

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Donwelling  is the process that moves cold, dense water from the ocean surface to the seafloor near the polar regions. Downwelling affect the ocean water around the poles as it brings oxygen - rich water to the ocean floor.

Downwelling occurs when the water on the surface of the sea becomes denser than the water beneath it and so it sinks. ocean water get denser when it gets cola or saltier.Most downwelling happens at the poles.

I f the air was warmer at the poles, then water wold be warmer too.so, without cold water there would be little downwelling.Oxygen in deep sea would have used up  and without strong downwelling , there is no way to replenish oxygen.

Hence, Downwelling affect the ocean water around the poles as it brings oxygen - rich water to the ocean floor.

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The substances can be classified into pure and impure substances as follows:

Pure substances:

Impure Substances:

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.

All substances are made of matter.

Matter can be classified into two based on the nature of the substance as follows:

Pure substances are further classified into elements and compounds.

Impure substances are mixtures of two or more substances.

Based on the above, the given substances can be classified into pure and impure substances as follows:

Pure substances:

Impure Substances:

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Among the following, oxygen is a molecule and not a compound.

Molecule is a group of two or three atoms which are held by chemical bonds.Compound is a substance composed of two or more atoms which are held together chemically in a fixed proportion.

Hence all molecules are not compounds  but all compounds are molecules.Structure of molecule comprises of group of atoms which are held together by a strong force.

Thus,oxygen is a molecule as it is composed of 2 oxygen atoms while water, ammonia and carbon dioxide are compounds as they are composed of two-four atoms.

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Answer: 39.13

Explanation: 39 x 93.12%=36.31

41 x 6.88%= 2.82

2.82+36.31= 39.13

In a synthesis, the temperature inside the reaction flask is called reflux. the internal reation temperature for diels alder reaction studied today  is  25°C to 100°C.

The Diels -Alder reaction is the reaction between congugated di-ene and alkene (commonly termed as dienophile) to form unsaturated six - membered rings.The reaction involves the formation of cyclic product , so, it is also called as cycloaddtion.

Diels alder reaction occurs at low temperature to moderate temperature while retro diels alder reaction require high temperature often above 200°C. Diels alder reaction is a reversible process and at high temperature diels alder reaction can be reverted to starting diene and dienophile.

Hence,In a synthesis, the temperature inside the reaction flask is called reflux. the internal reation temperature for diels alder reaction studied today  is  25°C to 100°C.

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The energy of a mole of blue photons is determined as  4.68 x 10⁻¹⁹ J.

The amount of energy carried by a photon is directly proportional to the photon's electromagnetic frequency and inversely proportional to the wavelength of the photon.

E = hf

E = hc/λ

where;

The energy of a mole of blue photons is calculated as follows;

Substitute the given parameters and solve for the energy of the photon.

E = (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ x 3 x 10⁸) / (425 x 10⁻⁹)

E = 4.68 x 10⁻¹⁹ J.

Thus, the energy of a mole of blue photons is determined as  4.68 x 10⁻¹⁹ J.

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Answer:

es 200.0ml

Explanation:

estabien easy

If the concentration of 2-phosphoglycerate at equilibrium is 1.25 mm, the concentration of 3-phosphoglycerate is 0.00034 molar.

ΔG° for the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate (2PG) is + 4.40 kJ/mole.

We know ΔG° = -2.303RTlogK

Where R = Universal gas constant = 8.314 x 10^-3 kj mole^-1 k^-1

T = Kelvin temperature = 25 + 273 = 298 K

⇒ log K = (4.4)/ -2.303 x 8.314 x 10^-3 x 298

⇒ log K = -0.77

⇒ K = 0.16

3-phosphoglycerate → 2-phosphoglycerate

K = [ 2-phosphoglycerate] / [3-phosphoglycerate]

Here K is an equilibrium constant.

0.16 = x / (2.15 x 10^-3)

x = 0.16 x 2.15 x 10^-3

x = 0.00034 molar or 0.344 mM at 25°C

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The energy released when IMF'S formed between the molecules as they approach each other because making IMF'S lowers the energy of electron and increase the level of stability.

Atoms tends to stabilize when they form IMF's , ans release energy in the process. energy is released because of the greater level of stability associated with low energy.

Energy is released in the chemical bond formation because bonds are in stable configuration.  .the change in enthalpy will be negative for the process.the  reaction  is exothermic.In opposite breaking of bond required energy.

Thus ,energy is released when IMF'S formed between molecules as they approaches each other because they acquire greater level stability with low energy levels.

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These two samples of sodium chloride as provided in the question are in accordance with the law of definite proportion.

According to law of definite proportions, any provided chemical compound always contains its initial component elements in a fixed ratio, and it does not depend on its source and method of preparation.

So here in the first sample, we have

Mass of sodium = 8 g

n(Na) = 8/23

=0.347 mol

Mass of chlorine = 12.3g

n(Cl2) = 12.3/70.9

=0.173 mol

Thus, definite proportion = 0.173/0.347 ≈ 1:2

Then in the second sample,

Mass of sodium = 11g

n(Na) = 11/23

=0.478 mol

Mass of Chlorine =17.1g

n(Cl2) = 17.1/70.9

=0.241

Thus, definite proportion = 0.241/0.478 ≈ 1:2

Therefore, we see that in both of the samples, the proportion remains the same. Thus, both the samples follow the Law of definite proportion.

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Answer:Conservation laws are fundamental to our understanding of the physical world in that they describe which processes can or cannot occur in nature.

Explanation: An important function of conservation laws is that they make it possible to predict the macroscopic behaviour of a system without having to consider the microscopic details of the course of a physical process or chemical reaction.

Answer:

The correct answer is 7.8 percent.

Explanation:

As mentioned in the given question, the absorbance (A) of the sample solution is 1.07. To find the concentration of aspirin, Beer's law is used, that is, A = ebc

Here, e is the extinction coefficient, which is equal to 139.322 M^-1cm^-1 as per the standard value for salicylic acid, b is the pathlength, which is equivalent to 1 cm. Now putting the values we get,  

A = ebc

c = A / (eb)

c = 1.07 / (139.322 × 1)

c = 0.00768 M

Now to determine the percent salicylic acid in the sample, there is a need to compare the value of concentration determined with the concentration of aspirin given initially.  

0.02 grams is the initial concentration of aspirin mentioned in the question. The molar mass of aspirin is 240 g/mol.  

Therefore, the moles of aspirin will be,  

0.02 / 240 = 8.33 × 10^-5 moles  

The final volume of the diluted solution given is 10 ml or 0.01 liters.  

The molarity of aspirin in the diluted solution will be,  

c1 = 8.33 × 10^-5 / 0.01 = 8.33 × 10^-3 M or 0.00833 M

Now, the percent of salicylic acid in the product will be,  

c1 - c / c1 × 100

(0.00833 - 0.00768) / 0.00833 × 100 = 7.8 %

I believe that's your answer

hope it helps you;)

The concept Beers law or Beer Lambert law is used to determine the percentage of salicylic acid impurity in your aspirin. The percentage of salicylic acid is 96.5 % percent.

Beer-Lambert's law states that when a beam of monochromatic light passes through a solution of an absorbing substance, the rate of decreases of intensity of radiation with thickness of the solution is directly proportional to the intensity of incident radiation as well as the concentration of the solution.

The equation is:

A = ecx

Here, e is the extinction coefficient =  139.322 M⁻¹cm⁻¹

c = A / (ex)

c = 0.040 / (139.322 × 1)

c = 0.000287

Initial concentration = 0.02

Molar mass of Aspirin =  240 g/mol

Moles of Aspirin = 0.02 / 240 = 8.33 × 10⁻⁵

Final volume of the diluted solution = 0.01 L

Molarity of aspirin is:

c₁ = 8.33 × 10⁻⁵ / 0.01 = 8.33 × 10⁻³M or 0.00833 M

Percent of salicylic acid is:

c1 - c / c1 × 100

(0.00833 - 0.000287) / 0.00833 × 100 = 96.5 %

Thus the % of salicylic acid is 96.5 %.

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The mole fraction of hydrogen is 0.55.

The volume of oxygen = 5 litres

The pressure of oxygen = 2 atm

The volume of hydrogen = 3 litres

The pressure of hydrogen = 4 atm

The universal gas constant is R.

R = 8.31 J mol—¹ K—¹

The ideal gas equation is,

PV = nR T

The number of moles of oxygen is,

PV = nRT

[tex]n = \frac{ PV }{RT }[/tex]

[tex]n = \frac{2 \times 5}{8.31 \times 273} [/tex]

n = 0.004 moles

The number of moles of oxygen is 0.004 moles.

The number of moles of hydrogen is,

PV = nRT

[tex]n = \frac{ PV }{RT }[/tex]

[tex]n = \frac{4 \times 3}{8.31 \times 273} [/tex]

n = 0.005 moles

The number of moles of hydrogen is 0.005 moles.

The mole fraction of hydrogen is,

[tex]Mole \: fraction = \frac{ Moles \: of \: solute }{Total \: number \: of \: moles \: of \: solute\: and \: solvent}[/tex]

[tex]Mole \: fraction = \frac{0.005}{0.009} [/tex]

= 0.55

Therefore, the mole fraction of hydrogen is 0.55.

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