Gibbs Free Energy is a thermodynamic potential that calculates amount of the work done by a thermodynamically closed system. The amount of ΔG° = -21712.98 kJ/mol.
How to calculate Gibbs Free Energy?Gibbs Free Energy is a thermodynamic potential. It depends upon internal potential energy, pressure, volume, temperature and entropy.
The equation given here is a redox reaction.
Oxidation :
H₂ ----> 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ [E°ox = +0.42 volts]
Reduction :
2NO³⁻ + 10e⁻ ----> N₂ [E°red = +0.74 volts]
To calculate the Gibbs Free Energy change, first balance the equations:
Oxidation :
H₂ ----> 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ ...×5
5H₂ ----> 10H⁺ + 10e⁻
Reduction :
2NO³⁻ + 10e⁻----> N₂
Balance the Oxygen atom and hydrogen atom,
2NO³⁻ +12H⁺+ 10e⁻----> N₂ + 6H₂O
Overall balanced reaction :
5H₂ + 2NO³⁻+ 2H⁺ -----> N₂ + 6H₂O
Number of electrons transferred is 10 , when 5 molecules of H₂ are oxidized.
To calculate the number of electrons transferred when 97 molecules of H₂ are oxidized = [(97×10)/5] = 194
Therefore, n = 194
E°cell = E°red + E°ox
0.74volts + 0.42volts = +1.16 volts
E°cell = +1.16 volts
Faraday constant (F) = 96485 C/mol
Standard Gibbs free energy of the reaction ,
∆G° = -nFE°cell
Or, ∆G° = -[194×96485×1.16] J/mol
Or, ∆G° = -21712.98 kJ/mol
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PLEASE HELP!!! what is the effect of light on growth of sunflowers? SEE ATTACHED!
Will give brainy. 50 points.
What are the differences of cytokinesis in animal and plant cells?
Karyokinesis, or the partition of a nucleus into two daughter nuclei, comes before cytokinesis. All eukaryotes go through cytokinesis in a manner that is remarkably similar. However, it frequently varies between cells with a cell wall, like plant cells, and cells without a cell wall, like animal cells.
Answer: The main difference is the formation of a new cell wall surrounding the daughter cells.
Explanation:
In a plant cell, a cell plate is formed between the two daughter cells.
In animal cells, a cleavage furrow is formed between the two daughter cells.
Hope this helps :)
3. Interpret What does it mean to be a good citizen?
A person demonstrates good citizenship when they act in accordance with their responsibilities as a citizen. There are a lot of different points of view on what makes a good citizen.
This is further explained below.
What is a citizen?Generally, A citizen is a member of a political society who is able to participate in its affairs.
When a person satisfies the legal standards set out by a country, state, or municipal authority, they are granted citizenship. Citizens of a country are given certain rights and benefits by that nation.
In conclusion, Aristotle differentiates between a good citizen and a good man, stating in one of his writings that "...there cannot be a single perfect quality of the good citizen."
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At sea level, water is a liquid at temperatures between 0 degrees Celsius and 100 degrees Celsius. If this temperature range was between 10 degrees Celsius and 100 degrees Celsius instead, which of the following statements would be true? a) The amount of liquid water would decrease, and the amount of solid water would increase b)The amount of liquid water would increase, and the amount of solid water would decrease c) The amount of liquid water would decrease, and the amount of water vapor would increase
If the temperature range was between 10 degrees Celsius and 100 degrees Celsius instead, the amount of liquid water would decrease, and the amount of solid water would increase. Option A.
Boiling and freezing points of waterWater molecules freeze at temperatures below zero degrees Celsius and boil from a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius and above.
This means that water will be liquid at temperatures between 0 and 100 degrees Celsius.
Now, if the lower boundary is increased - the freezing temperature is increased to 10 degrees Celsius. It means any water below 10 degrees Celsius will be frozen while the temperature range for liquid water has been narrowed.
In other words, the amount of liquid water would decrease, while the amount of frozen or solid water will increase.
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what might happen in the ecosystem if the fox was removed
Need help. 20 points!
Answer:
true
Explanation:
Biology Semester Exa
1. An enzyme that digests carbohydrates is mixed with starch. The enzyme would
a) have no action
b) produce amino acids
c) produce glucose
d) become a cell
Answer:
C
Explanation:
The enzymes will work on the starch and break it down to glucose
The author of this passage would most likely agree with which statement?
A
We cannot fully organize or understand how old Earth is.
B
The Cenozoic era is not as important as the Mesozoic era.
C
Humans are relatively new to the planet.
D
The human species is probably over one-million years old.
B is your answer, i read the passage through and through
Urgently!! I have test tomorrow!! I Need To Know!!
What is the material that contains genetic blueprints (instructions) in a cell called?
The genetic material of the organism is present in the nucleus of the cell.
What is genetic material?The genetic material in eukaryotes is DNA(Deoxyribonucleic acid) and in prokaryotes is RNA(Ribonucleic acid).
The nucleus is the center of the cell. It is located in the cytoplasm. DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid and RNA is ribonucleic acid. The blueprint for protein molecule is stored in the nucleus in the form of DNA.
DNA first copied into other macromolecule called RNA. RNA then forms protein.
Therefore, The genetic material of the organism is present in the nucleus of the cell.
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Think about your favorite food. Explain how the sun played an important role in its growth.
Summarize Name the early individuals who had a major impact on the American public’s awareness of the environment and sustainability, and explain their accomplishments.
The first conversation efforts that were by Marsh, the preservation to fully protect the wilderness was Muir, the managing public lands wisely for their natural resources was Roosevelt and Pinchot, the blending of the preservation was Leopold, and the silent spring was Rachel Carson.
Natural resources are the resources that are drawn from the nature and that used with the few modifications. This includes the sources of the valued characteristics such as the commercial and the industrial use, the aesthetic value, the scientific interest and cultural value. the Natural resources that include oil, Rachel Carson. coal, the natural gas, metals, the stone, and sand. Air, sunlight, the soil, and water are other natural resources. Thus, the Natural resources are valuable as they are used to support the life and meet the needs of the people
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Part A. Interpreting Graphs
1. The type of graph that best shows the relationship
between two variables is the line graph. A line
graph has one or more lines connecting a series
of points. See Figure 1. Along the horizontal axis,
or x-axis, you will find the manipulated variable
in the experiment. Along the vertical axis or y-axis,
you will find the responding variable.
Numerical scale
y
Line Graph
Numerical scale
Figure 1
Biology Laboratory Manual A/Laboratory Skills 49 which plant grew the tallest
There are two plants being compared in the graph, the graph B will grew the tallest by the end of third week as being shown in the daigram
In the graph, two variables i.e, Height (in cm) and weeks are being compared. Height is given on the vertical axis or Y -axis and number of weeks is given on the horizontal axis or the X-axis. Here the manipulated variable which is number of weeks is given on the X axis as mentioned in the question and the responding variable which is the height of the plant is given on the Y axis.
After two weeks, Plant A was 7 cm tall, and
It was 9 cm high after three weeks.
After two weeks, Plant B was also 7 cm tall.
It was 10 cm high after three weeks.
Plant A grew on the third week by 9 cm - 7 cm = 2 cm.
Plant A grew the most during the second week, according to (e).
Plant B had the smallest first-week growth (f).
Plants A and B were the same height at the conclusion of the second week.
From the end of the second week to the end of the third week, Plant B expanded by 10 cm- 7 cm, or 3 cm.
So the plant B grew the highest.
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The Diagram was missing in your question please refer to the picture attached to see the Diagram.
An equation for a chemical reaction is shown below.
Polysaccharide + water ______ monosaccharides.
Which substance is most likely represented by letter A?
Create a life hierarchy of organization (choose a different organ system than the nervous system). Give definitions and examples from Ecosystem down to the atom.
A life hierarchy of organization is atomic- molecular- cellular- tissue-organ - organism - group- population- community- ecosystem- landscape- biosphere. This is the living hierarchy of organization.
What is ecosystem?
Ecosystem has been defined as the community that has biological by nature and the organism in that particular community attract with each other as well as their physical environment. Ecosystem has been consist of both biotic as well as abiotic factor. The living components of the ecosystem comes in category of biotic factor and non living components of the ecosystem comes in the category of abiotic factor.
Ecosystem has the community that has biological by nature and the organism in that particular community attract with each other as well as their physical environment.
Therefore, A life hierarchy of organization is atomic- molecular- cellular- tissue-organ - organism - group- population- community- ecosystem- landscape- biosphere. This is the living hierarchy of organization.
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is the only pathogen
that can grow without oxygen.
a. E-Coli
b. Salmonellosis
c. Botulism
d. Shigellosis
Answer:
(c) is your correct answer
please mark me as brainlist
Answer:
Botulism is your answer.
Explanation:
Which two options are examples of making inferences from scientific
observations?
A. Predicting when it will rain based on satellite images of the
atmosphere
B. Using video footage to measure the speed of a running cheetah
C. Counting the number of black bears in a location
D. Describing the diet of a dinosaur based on the study of its
fossilized droppings
SUBMIT
Answer: ITS B
Explanation:
Answer:
A. Describing the diet of a dinosaur based on the study of its fossilized droppings.
D. Predicting when it will rain based on satellite images of the atmosphere.
Explanation:
answer A and D
What part of the nucleotide should you look at if you are trying to determine if you are looking at a purine or a pyrimidine?
What can scientists gain from taking core samples of ice sheets?
Answer:
Core samples are cylindrical pieces of earth that are extracted from the ground in order to study the composition of the earth below the surface.
An ice sheet is a mass of ice that blankets land for thousands of years.
Chemical analysis of core samples for ice sheets can provide information about climate conditions in the past. For example, analysis of the ratios of different isotopes of oxygen can reveal information about past sea surface temperatures.
Explanation:
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The image below shows the U-shaped glacial valley in Yosemite Valley, California:
Yosemite Valley, California is an example of a U shaped glacial valley
Climate has changed over geologic time. How does this image provide evidence to support this claim?
It shows marked topography of receding glaciers in warmer climates.
It shows a valley in frigid mountainous regions.
It shows a southern mountain range.
Answer:
it shows a southern mountain range
may be I am not sure
What does tissue look like in biology
Answer:
In biology, tissue is a biological organizational level between cells and a complete organ.
Explanation:
A tissue is an ensemble of similar cells and their extracellular matrix from the same origin that together carry out a specific function. Organs are then formed by the functional grouping together of multiple tissues.
Anatomy and physiology 4 epithelial tissue with labels
Epithelial cells are of different types and are involved in the protection of the body's organs.
The epithelial tissues are important and they are the ones present on the topmost layer of the body and are responsible for the protection of the skin, and also form the lining of the urethra, uterus, etc.
Epithelial cells are divided on the basis of cell shape and it layering and cell shape, they are divided into squamous epithelium, cuboidal epithelium, and columnar epithelium and on the basis of layering, they are divided into simple, stratified, and pseudostratified.
The pseudostratified epithelial cells also have cilia which are hair extensions and they also have unicellular glands called goblet cells which secrete the mucus.
Stratified epithelium differs from simple epithelium because they are multilayered so help in mechanical and chemical support.
Keratinized epithelia are also present which are the upper layers or apical layers having resistant protein called keratin some epithelia also have a lower layer or basal layers due to which these cells also show polarity.
Transitional is helpful in stretching and that's why found in the lining of the urinary bladder.
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Below are the reduction half reactions for chemolithoautotrophic denitrification, where hydrogen is a source of electrons and energy and nitrate is the terminal electron acceptor.
NO3- + 10e- -> N2 (E0 = +0.74 V)
H+ + 2e- -> H2 (E0 = -0.42 V)
If you balance and combine the reactions so that 90 moles of H2 gas are oxidized to H+, how many moles of N2 gas will be produced?
39462 KJ of Gibbs free energy will produce. Number of moles of nitrogen = 90 moles, E0 = 0.74 + ( - 0.42) = 0.74 - 0.42 = 0.32
What is a Balanced chemical equation?A balanced chemical equation has the same number of reactants and products. We can balance a chemical equation by adding a number to adding the same number of molecules on both sides.
In this equation,
10NO3 + 10 e - -> 5N2
4H + 2 e - -> 2H2
In this equation, 5 moles of N2 and 2 moles of Hydrogen are produced.
5 * 0.74 = 3.7 V
2 * ( -0.42) = - 0.84 V
ΔG = -nFΔE,
where F = 96.48 kJ (mol e-)
= 90 * 96.48 * (3.7 + 0.84)
= 90* 96.48* 4.54
= 39462 KJ
Therefore, 39462 KJ of Gibbs free energy will produce. Number of moles of nitrogen = 90 moles, E0 = 0.74 + ( - 0.42) = 0.74 - 0.42 = 0.32.
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Plants receive their nutrients mainly from what
Explanation:
Plants recieve their nutrients mainly from soil because it is soil which contains humus, water and minerals for proper growth of the plant.
Sarah and Michael were visiting their friend Regina. They were in Regina's backyard, enjoying some ice-cold lemonade. They noticed that there were droplets on the outside of the pitcher of lemonade. The 3 friends made the following claims: A. Sarah said, "Those droplets must be lemonade leaking from inside the pitcher." B. Regina said, "The droplets on the outside of the pitcher are water. They came from the air outside the pitcher." C. Michael said, "I agree that the droplets on the outside of the pitcher are water, but the water comes from the melting ice cubes inside the pitcher." Choose the claim that you most agree with. Support the claim with evidence and reasoning based on what you have learned.
Answer:
it b
Explanation:
The water droplets formed on the surface of the lemonade because Regina said, "The droplets on the outside of the pitcher are water." They came from the air outside the pitcher, which is option B.
What are the different forms of water?Water is present in liquid form, but as the temperature rises, it converts into a gas, which is water vapor. This vapor is present in the atmosphere as a gas, but when it comes into contact with the colder surface, which is the outer surface of the lemonade glass, due to the condensation, the vapor converts into the liquid. When the temperature drops further, the water condenses into a solid, which means ice.
Hence, water droplets formed on the surface of the lemonade because Regina said, "The droplets on the outside of the pitcher are water." They came from the air outside the pitcher, which is option B.
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Question 1 of 25
Which sentence best describes the role of the Calvin cycle in a plant cell?
OA. The cycle regenerates carbon dioxide through carbon fixation.
OB. The cycle causes new organic matter to be added to the body of a
plant.
C. The cycle forms new water molecules by combining oxygen and
hydrogen atoms.
D. The cycle changes one type of organic matter into inorganic
matter.
SUBMIT
A. The cycle regenerates carbοn diοxide thrοugh carbοn fixatiοn. The Calvin cycle is a prοcess in phοtοsynthesis that cοnverts carbοn diοxide intο glucοse.
What is phοtοsynthesis?Phοtοsynthesis is a prοcess by which plants, algae, and certain bacteria cοnvert light energy frοm the sun intο chemical energy. This chemical energy is stοred in the fοrm οf οrganic mοlecules, such as glucοse, which plants use tο fuel their grοwth and develοpment.
Phοtοsynthesis is essential tο all life οn Earth, as it is the main sοurce οf energy fοr all οrganisms. During this prοcess, carbοn diοxide and water are used tο create glucοse and οxygen. The οxygen is released intο the atmοsphere, while the glucοse is used fοr energy.
It is alsο knοwn as the dark reactiοn οr the reductive pentοse phοsphate cycle, and it invοlves the regeneratiοn οf carbοn diοxide frοm οrganic mοlecules. It is the main way in which plants use carbοn diοxide tο make οrganic mοlecules.
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Why do oxygens form double bonds?
Answer:
Each oxygen has 6 electrons and so need to share to more and so makes two bonds with the other oxygen.
Explanation:
Each oxygen has 6 electrons and so need to share to more and so makes two bonds with the other oxygen.
What occurs directly before forming a hypothesis?
Answer:collecting observation
vv Explanation: without obeseving first how would you form your hypothesis?.
Click to arrange puzzle pieces. Enter the correct 3 digit code (no spaces)
To begin assembling a challenging problem, group the pieces into groups of edge, corner, and center pieces. To create the foundation, arrange your corner pieces into a sizable square. The puzzle will then resemble a frame when you join the edge pieces to fill in the corners.
Set up a workspace, such as a table or counter, and empty the puzzle box before beginning to put it together. So that you can view the images on the pieces, arrange them all face-side up. Then, begin identifying your edges and categorizing the pieces according to color. You should first locate and assemble the frame using the pieces from the outside.
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why do the cytoplasmic strands pass nearer to the cell wall than to the sap vacuole
Transport from vacuoles happen through osmosis and diffusion, they lack plasmodesmata required for the passage of cytoplasmic strands.
All cells with a nucleus have cytoplasmic strands, which are spindle-shaped strands. Their major function is to keep the nucleus in place so that it doesn't move from its original position in the cytoplasm. They are additionally known as plamodesmata.When water enters the cell's vacuole but not the nucleus, plant cells experience turgor pressure.Plant cells have channels called plasmodesmata that cross their cell walls to allow for movement and communication. Strands of cytoplasm from a nearby cell communicate through these open channels called plasmodesmata, which are found in plant cell walls.As a result, unlike sap vacuoles which lack communicating channels, cell walls feature plasmodesmata that let cytoplasmic strands move from one cell to another.
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Wave collectors in oceans do which of the following?
A. slow the erosion of coastal areas
B. increase coastal biodiversity
C. convert kinetic energy into electrical energy
D. modify the tides in estuaries
D. modify the tides in estuaries