Answer:
vertebrate
Explanation:
nicotine in smoke has two forms; the blank form is more easily absorbed through the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, and lungs
Nicotine in smoke has two forms; the electrically neutral form is more easily absorbed through the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, and lungs.
Where is nicotine absorbed the most?Nicotine is absorbed through mouth mucous membranes and reaches peak blood and brain levels more slowly in people who do not inhale the smoke, such as cigar, pipe, and smokeless tobacco users. By "riding" in with the tar that is inhaled from a lit cigarette, nicotine enters the body. About 8 seconds after inhaling the smoke, the nicotine/tar mixture enters the lungs, where it is swiftly absorbed. It can move to the brain once it reaches the bloodstream.Learn more about the Nicotine with the help of the given link:
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social brain energetics: ergonomic efficiency, neurometabolic scaling, and metabolic polyphenism in ants
The energy cost of behavior is measured by metabolism, which has a big impact on social evolution.
How body size and metabolic scaling are linked?Body size and metabolic scaling are linked, and an increase in body size socioecological pattern is linked to nutritional changes and the emergence of larger and more complex societies. These effects of animal society adaptive radiation raise concerns about energy costs, a significant percentage of which may be related to the metabolic rates of the brain regions that process social information. Although brain size scales with body size, nothing is known about how the brain's metabolism scales. Social insects like ants have a wide range of worker body size and morphology that correlates with brain size, structure, and task performance, which is reliant on sensory inputs and the capacity to process information to produce behavior.Learn more about the metabolic scaling with the help of the given link:
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The type of point mutation that results in a premature stop codon is called a _________ mutation.
The type of point mutation that results in a premature stop codon is called a nonsense mutation.
A nonsense mutation takes place in DNA while a chain trade offers rise to a stop codon instead of a codon specifying an amino acid. The presence of the brand new stop codon effects inside the manufacturing of a shortened protein this is in all likelihood non-functional.
A mutation is an alteration within the nucleic acid series of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA. Viral genomes contain either DNA or RNA. A mutation is a change inside the DNA collection of an organism. Mutations can end result from mistakes in DNA replication at some point in the cellular department, publicity to mutagens, or viral contamination.
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Disclaimer:- your question is incomplete, please see below for the complete question.
a. nonsense
b. missense
c. inversion
d. deletion
e. silent
The diagram below shows a chloroplast and the reactants that are used in photosynthesis.
How does the chloroplast interact with other structures in the cell to produce energy?
Question 13 options:
The cell wall transports CO2 and O2 into the cell, and then the mitochondria converts these into glucose that the chloroplast uses to make ATP.
The ribosomes produce proteins that are taken to the chloroplast and these proteins are assembled into glucose that the cell membrane will transport out to other cells.
The nucleus transmits instructions to the chloroplast to produce glucose, and the vacuole brings the reactants to the chloroplast.
The cell membrane transports CO2 and H2O into the cell, and then the mitochondria converts the glucose produced into ATP for the cell.
The nucleus transmits instructions to the chloroplast to produce glucose, and the vacuole brings the reactants to the chloroplast.
How does the chloroplast interact with other structures in the cell to produce energy?Chloroplasts are the cell organelles which are present in plant cell. It has the ability to convert light energy into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis. Chloroplasts also provide various metabolic activities for plant cells such as the production of fatty acids and membrane lipids. Photosynthesis occurs in a specialized organelle which is called the chloroplast. Chloroplasts produce molecules which can be turn into energy. The immediate products of photosynthesis are NADPH and ATP which are used by the photosynthetic cells in order to produce many organic molecules.
So we can conclude that the nucleus transmits instructions to the chloroplast to produce glucose, and the vacuole brings the reactants to the chloroplast.
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Is a negative control necessary in an experiment regarding the color of light?
Basically, if an experiment is being done about the effects of the colour of light. Is a negative control (no light) necessary?
The negative control is a control group used to know no other variable is affecting the experiment results. In this case, it is necessary to have a negative control group to be sure that light is the only factor affecting the results.
What is a negative control?
When talking about a negative control, we refer to the control group used to know if there is any other variable that might be affecting or influencing the results.
Let us remember that in an experiment, we can identify different variables. Some of them are the dependent and independent variables. Other variables need to be controlled to avoid their influence on the dependent variable.
The researcher needs to expose the control group to the same conditions the experimental group was exposed to (except for the independent variable) to see if there is any other factor affecting the experiment.
No change is expected in this group since it is not exposed to the treatment.
However, if there is a change, the negative control is used to identify other variables that might affect the response of the dependent variable.
In the exposed situation, the researcher wants to know the effects of the colour of light on something, let us say, on plants growth.
In this example, the only difference between the control and experimental group is the light. The negative control group is not exposed to light, while the experimental group is.
Even when no change is expected in plant growth from negative control it is necessary to have a negative control group to compare conditions and be sure the only factor affecting the results is the type of light.
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During this phase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle forms and the nuclear envelope fragments.
In prophase, the nuclear membrane breaks down and the filaments that make up the mitotic spindle are formed.
How is mitosis generated and what are its phases?Mitosis is the process in which a cell generates two daughter cells with the same genetic information, this allows the body and/or tissue to grow and generate. Mitosis has several phases, including this: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
In prophase, chromosomes are formed by condensing, the nuclear membrane is fragmented and the formation of mitotic spindles occurs. In metaphase, the chromosomes join the mitotic spindle by their centrometes and are located in the equatorial zone of the cell. During anaphase, the mitotic spindle fibers shorten, causing the sister chromatids to separate.
Finally, in telophase the chromatin decondenses and the chromosomes will no longer be visible, the nuclear membrane reappears and the mitotic spindles disintegrate.
Therefore, we can confirm that in prophase, the nuclear membrane breaks down and the filaments that make up the mitotic spindle are formed.
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The prokaryote organism consists of________ cells. *
Answer:
single
Explanation:
A prokaryote is a simple, mostly single-celled (unicellular) organism that lacks a nucleus, or any other membrane-bound organelle. We will shortly come to see that this is significantly different in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic DNA is found in a central part of the cell: the nucleoid.
long noncoding rna snhg5 induces the nf-κb pathway by regulating mir-181c-5p/cbx4 axis to promote the progression of non-small cell lung cancer
long noncoding RNA SNHG5 induces the NF-KB pathway by regulating mir-181c-5p/cbx4 axis to promote the progression of non-small cell lung cancer because Low miR-181c-5p and high SNHG5 and CBX4 levels were found in NSCLC cells or tissues.
The Restoration of miR-181c-5p and RNA SNHG5 restrained the progression of NSCLC cells or tissues and inactivated the NF-KB pathway.
Therefore, RNA SNHG5 regulated the interaction between miR-181c-5p and CBX4, gradually there is termination of SNHG5 which hold back the non-small cell lung cancer or tumor growth.
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assuming independent assortment, how many different gametes can be produced from the genotype aabbcc
Assuming independent assortment, only one type of gamete can be produced from the genotype aabbcc due to homozygous condition.
The law of independent assortment, given by Mendel states that the inheritance of the allele of a certain character into the gamete is not influenced by the presence of other genes. The example of this law of the dihybrid cross of Mendel.
Gamete is the reproductive cell, that when fused with another reproductive cell of different gender, gives rise to an embryo. A gamete from a parent contains only one allelic form of all the genes. This is the reason why in homozygous condition, only one type of gamete is formed as their are no allelic variations.
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in order to understand how human behavior differs from the behavior of the animals most similar to humans, some biological anthropologists in the subfield of study animals such as apes, monkeys, and lemurs in their natural rain forest habitats.
The correct answer is primatology which is used to understand how human behaviour differs from the behaviour of the animals most similar to humans.
Primatology is the study of nonhuman primates' behaviour, biology, evolution, and taxonomy. The common interest in study subjects unites primatologists, but not necessarily uniformity in academic training. The scientific study of primates is known as primatology. Because we recognise the powerful influence of selective pressures operating over long periods of time on our human lineage, primatology is a research specialisation within the Department of Anthropology. Primatologists conduct field studies and experiments on both living and extinct primates in their natural habitats and in laboratories to better understand aspects of their evolution and behaviour.
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The complete question is:
In order to understand how human behavior differs from the behavior of the animals most similar to humans, some biological anthropologists in the subfield of ______ study animals such as apes, monkeys, and lemurs in their natural habitats.
what is the final concentration of HCl?
Answer:
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is supplied commercially at concentrations mainly within the range 28–36% w/w.
Explanation:
Sana nakatulong:)
cutting edge: transcription factor bcl6 is required for the generation, but not maintenance, of memory cd8 t cells in acute viral infection
The correct answer is BCL6 is not required for the maintenance of memory CD8+ T cells, but it is an important upstream regulator of TCF-1 in the generation of memory precursors during acute viral infection.
Memory CD8+ T cell differentiation is critical for long-term cellular immunity. The transcription factor BCL6 has been reported to be important for the generation and maintenance of memory CD8+ T cells; however, using a newly developed BCL6 conditional knockout mouse model, we show that BCL6 is not required for the maintenance of established memory CD8+ T cell pools, but it is required for the generation of CD8+ memory precursors during acute viral infection. Furthermore, BCL6 promotes TCF-1 expression in CD8+ memory precursors by directly binding to the Tcf7 (gene symbol for TCF-1) allele, and forced expression of TCF-1 restores the generation of BCL6-deficient memory precursors.
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olution's patterns manifest as nested similarities. nesting occurs between molecular sequences of evolutionarily related organisms and between the different taxa arranged in a phylogenetic tree. true false
Evolution's patterns manifest as nested similarities. nesting occurs between molecular sequences of evolutionary related organisms and between the different taxa arranged in a phylogenetic tree. True
Phylogenetic tree is a branching diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships between various species.
Nesting behavior is an urge in the pregnant animal to prepare a home for the upcoming generation which occurs due to increase in the amount of estradiol to protect them from predators and environment.
Nesting behavior is also taken consideration to understand the phylogenetic similarities between various species.
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on a phylogenetic tree, each node (branchpoint) represents a divergence event, and the length of the branches represents the number of molecular changes that have taken place between the nodes.
It's true, on a phylogenetic tree, each node (branchpoint) represents a divergence event, and the length of the branches represents the number of molecular changes that have taken place between the nodes.
Phylogenetic tree :A phylogenetic tree is a visual representation of how different creatures have evolved over time. Phylogenetic trees are theories, not proven truths. A phylogenetic tree's branching structure demonstrates how different species or other groupings have developed from a common ancestor or ancestors.
Types of Phylogenetic TreesRooted tree - Speculate about the tree's leaves or branches' most recent common ancestor.Un-rooted tree - Don't assume anything about the most recent common ancestor; instead, use an example involving leaves or branches.Bifurcating tree - A rooted bifurcating tree takes the form of an unrooted binary tree, a free tree with exactly three neighbors at each internal node, whereas an unrooted bifurcating tree takes the form of an unrooted binary tree, a free tree with exactly two descendants arising from each interior node (that is, it forms a binary tree).To know more about ancestor visit :
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A streak plate may be used to identify which mineral property? (1 point)
O color
O luster
O cleavage
O tenacity
A streak plate is used to identify the color of minerals.
Streak plate is a piece of porcelain upon which the mineral is scraped. This is done to test for the opacity of color of the minerals. Hence streak of the minerals are indicators of their color. The porcelain used is in its raw form, without any glaze covered on its surface.
Minerals are the inorganic substances present in the environment, formed due to natural geological processes. Minerals can occur in their native form or may be present in the form of oxides, sulfides, nitrates, etc. The area where these minerals are found is called an ore.
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Answer:
1. color
2. Minerals are components that make up rocks.
Minerals are naturally occurring substances.
Minerals are made of one element or one compound of elements.
3. Luster
Organelles are important to cells for many reasons. Choose which answer below is NOT a reason organelles are important to cells. Helps the cell communicate with other cells. Helps the cell reproduce. Make cells grow faster. Provide the materials a cell needs to function.
Answer:
Organelles provide the materials a cell needs to function.
OrganelleAn organelle is like an organ for a cell, it helps the cell function. Each organelle has a specific function to help the cell stay alive. Maybe cells weren't as different from us as we thought!
Hope it helps.
an adopted child has type o blood. she discovers that her biological father has type b blood. this means that her biological mother cannot have blood type: chegg
An adopted child has type O blood. she discovers that her biological father has type B blood. this means that her biological mother cannot have blood type AB.
What is ABO system?According to the ABO system, there are 4 primary blood types:
Blood group A has A antigens on the red blood cells and has anti-B antibodies in the plasma. Blood group B has B antigens and has both anti-A antibodies in the plasma. Blood type O has no antigens but has both anti-A antibodies and anti-B antibodies.Blood type AB has both A and B antigens and no antibodies.The most typical blood group is called O. Blood group O makes approximately 48% of the population in the UK.
Receiving blood from the incorrect ABO group can be fatal. For instance, if a group B blood recipient receives group A blood, the recipient's anti-A antibodies will assault the group A cells.
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select all that apply select the functions of carbohydrates. multiple select question. storage molecules for hereditary information structural components of organisms immediate energy source. catalysts in chemical reactions
The functions of carbohydrates are: immediate energy source.
What are carbohydrates?Carbohydrates have diverse functions, among them being an energy reserve for the cell, either for immediate use or for future use. Glucose is a monosaccharide used by the cell as a source of immediate energy since it is a simple molecule that can be catalyzed generating ATP for cellular functions that require energy, this is done through glycolysis.
Carbohydrates can be found in most foods that we eat during the day, thanks to this we can maintain prudent levels of glucose in the blood, which is vital for the proper functioning of the body.
Therefore, we can confirm that the functions of carbohydrates are: immediate energy source.
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what is the best conclusion based on this data? the hypothesis was not supported because the data indicated that fertilizing plants does not improve plant growth. the hypothesis was supported; to get the best growth, use 5 milliliters of fertilizer per plant. the hypothesis was not supported; the data indicated that too much fertilizer can inhibit plant growth. the hypothesis was supported; to get the best growth, use 15 milliliters of fertilizer per plant.
The answer to the above question is The hypothesis was not supported: the data indicated that too much fertilizer can inhibit plant growth.
What is fertilizer?To provide plant nutrients, soil or plant tissues may be treated with any substance, whether it is of natural or synthetic origin called fertilizer. Liming agents and other non-nutrient soil amendments may not be the same as fertilizers. There are numerous natural and artificial fertilizer sources. Fertilization for the majority of contemporary agricultural practices concentrates on the three macronutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), with sporadic additions of supplements like rock dust for micronutrients. Farmers use a variety of methods to apply these fertilizers, including hand tools, large agricultural machinery, or pelletized or liquid application processes.
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this method of studying religions includes an exploration of religion beliefs in the context of the human genome.
The method of studying religions includes an exploration of religion beliefs in the context of the human genome Sociology.
Sociology is the study of social structures and human connections. The study of sociology covers a wide range of topics, including anything from crime to religion, the family to the state, racial and social class distinctions to shared cultural values, societal stability to drastic change in entire societies.
Sociology is a fascinating and enlightening academic topic that examines and discusses significant issues in our daily lives, our communities, and the wider globe. Sociology looks into the social factors that contribute to and are affected by personal phenomena like romantic love, race and gender identity, family conflict, deviant conduct, aging, and religious belief.
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5. A population of pigeons on the west side of town has a per capital annual growth rate of 0. 7. A
separate population of pigeons on the east side of town has a per capita annual growth rate of
0. 10. If both populations are growing exponentially and both are censused the following year, In
which of the populations will dN/dt be greatest?
The term "population" usually refers to the total number of people living in a certain area, such as a city or town, region, nation, continent, or the entire world. Governments frequently use censuses, a procedure for gathering, analyzing, compiling, and releasing statistics regarding a population, to determine the size of the resident people within their jurisdiction.
Which of the populations will dN/dt be greatest?
You will be unable to respond to this question because you are unaware of the beginning size of the populations.
dN/dt will be higher on the east side if the two population sizes are equal or if the east side population is greater than the west side population.
However, if the west side population is sizable and the east side population is considerably smaller, the west side population's dN/Dt may be higher than the other.
In ecology, a population is a collection of creatures belonging to the same species that live in the same region and are able to breed with one another. An region with a reproductive population is one in which interbreeding between any two individuals therein is both conceivable and more likely than cross-breeding with individuals from other places.
The Lincoln index is a tool used in ecology to gauge a species' population in a given region.
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When someone uses the phrase "population," they typically mean all of the people living in that area, whether it be a city or town, a region, a nation, a continent, or the entire world. To estimate the population inside their borders, governments frequently conduct censuses.
What will be the population with the highest dN/dt?When someone uses the phrase "population," they typically mean all of the people living in that area, whether it be a city or town, a region, a nation, a continent, or the entire world. To estimate the population inside their borders, governments frequently conduct censuses.
You won't be able to respond to this question because you don't know the population's initial size. dN/dt will be higher on the east side if the two population sizes are equal or if the east side population is greater than the west side population. Ecologists assess a species using the Lincoln index.
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mutton, t. (2020). teacher education and covid-19: responses and opportunities for new pedagogical initiatives. journal of education for teaching, 46(4), 439-441.
The discussion of mutton, t. (2020). teacher education and covid-19: responses and opportunities for new pedagogical initiatives. journal of education for teaching, 46(4), 439-441 is given in below paragraph-
The editorial for the first issue of the current volume of JET was titled "The challenges for teacher education in the 21st century; urgency, complexity, and timeliness" (la Velle 2020, 1). However, when that issue was published early in 2020, there was little indication of the immense challenges that remained to be faced in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. The collection of papers in this present special issue amply indicates how difficult it has been for teacher educators to deal with the numerous issues brought on by the disruption to pre-service teachers' professional development worldwide during the past few months.
In some cases, the spotlight has been on the way in which existing challenges have been exacerbated and in others the emphasis has been on new challenges thrown up by the pandemic situation. What is fascinating in this collection of papers, however, is the way in which so many teacher educators internationally have seen the current crisis as an opportunity to consider new ways of working, to adopt innovative approaches to pedagogy and to re-conceptualise the nature of their teacher education programmes.
What is covid-19?Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious illness brought on by the coronavirus 2 that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). In December 2019, Wuhan, China, reported the discovery of the first case. The COVID-19 pandemic was caused by the disease's rapid global spread.
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All of these statements about Emperor
Justinian are true EXCEPT for which
one?
A. He ordered extensions to the walls of Constantinople.
B. He invaded and sacked the city of Rome.
C. He erected public facilities like schools and
aqueducts.
D. He ordered the construction of a great cathedral.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
homologous chromosomes are separated. homologous chromosome are paired. nuclear envelopes form around separated chromosomes. the centrosome replicates.
A reduction division known as meiosis 1 occurs during which diploid cells divide to produce haploid daughter cells. The chromosomes are separated in this process Phases of meiosis 1 include:
Synaptonemal complexes are formed by the pairing of homologous chromosomes during prophase I, the first phase of meiosis 1.
Chromosomes are oriented at the equator during the second stage of meiosis 1, known as metaphase 1, and centrosomes replicate to create spindle fibres.
The third phase of meiosis 1 is called anaphase 1. It is distinguished by the division of homologous chromosomes via spindle fibres to the opposite poles.
The split chromosomes are contained in the nuclei during the final stage of meiosis 1, during which nuclear envelopes are produced around the chromosomes.
complete question,
Identify the phases of meiosis I described below.
Homologous chromosomes are separated.
Homologous chromosome are paired.
Nuclear envelopes form around separated chromosomes.
The centrosome replicates.
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You are searching for a mutant cell that is defective in protein glycosylation. You would most likely find such a mutant by looking for cells with defective ___________.
You are searching for a mutant cell that is defective in protein glycosylation. You would most likely find such a mutant by looking for cells with defective Golgi apparatus.
The Golgi apparatus can be described as an organelle present in the eukaryotic cells which function in the processing of proteins. The Golgi apparatus is involved in various post-translational functions such as packaging, transporting as well as modification of proteins. Without these post-translational modifications, a protein will not be able to move out of a cell.
Protein glycosylation is a type of post-translational modification that occurs in the Golgi apparatus. Hence, if there is a mutation that causes an error in protein glycosylation, then we know that the Golgi apparatus are the organelles that have been affected as a result of this mutation.
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the concept that cells or organisms maintain specific internal conditions is called blank . multiple choice question. feedback responsiveness homeostasis adaptation
ecological validity of walking capacity tests following rehabilitation in people with multiple sclerosis
A potentially crippling condition of the brain and spinal cord is multiple sclerosis (MS) (central nervous system).
What does the study indicates?Walking ability tests are frequently used to assess therapies intended to lessen walking impairment in multiple sclerosis patients (pwMS). Their ecological validity has, however, recently come under scrutiny. After 28 days of multidisciplinary inpatient rehabilitation (MIR) in people with MS, the current study sought to determine the ecological validity of the 2- and 6-minute walking tests (2MWT and 6MWT) and the timed 25-foot walk (T25FW) using accelerometry. A pre-existing walking disability is a key factor in the ecological validity of changes in walking capacity tests after MIR.Learn more about the multiple sclerosis with the help of the given link:
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Which process led to the evolution of polar bears and brown bears from a common ancestor?
Answer:Evolution of brown bears to polar bears
Evolutionary studies suggest that polar bears evolved from brown bears during the ice ages. The oldest polar bear fossil, a jaw bone found in Svalbard, is dated at about 110,000 to 130,000 years old. DNA comparisons suggest the species may have split at least 150,000 years ago, and maybe longer.
Explanation:
The field that involves the study of cells and how they interact with other cells is termed.
Cellular biology is the study of cells and their interactions with one another
What two characteristics are useful for supporting the photosynthetic mode of energy generation found in euglenids?.
eyespot and flagellum are two characters useful for supporting the photosynthetic mode of energy generation found in euglenoids.
What are the three ways that protists get their nutrition?The majority consume or absorb food, however others make their own nourishment. Flagella, pseudopods, or cilia are used by the majority of protists to move. One-celled amoeba and paramecium are two protists that consume other species for food. Others, like the one-celled euglena and the multicellular algae, produce their own food through photosynthesis.
Euglenoids are green microorganisms that are heterotrophic and autotrophic.
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