discuss the sucess and the shortcomings the conservative reaction to the french revolution as seen in the actions of the Congress of vienna and the holy alliance
Answer:
As the four major European powers (Britain, Prussia, Russia, and Austria) opposing the French Empire in the Napoleonic Wars saw Napoleon’s power collapsing in 1814, they started planning for the postwar world. The Treaty of Chaumont of March 1814 reaffirmed decisions that would be ratified by the more important Congress of Vienna of 1814–15. The Congress of Vienna was the first of a series of international meetings that came to be known as the Concert of Europe, an attempt to forge a peaceful balance of power in Europe. It served as a model for later organizations such as the League of Nations in 1919 and the United Nations in 1945. They included the establishment of a confederated Germany, the division of French protectorates and annexations into independent states, the restoration of the Bourbon kings of Spain, the enlargement of the Netherlands to include what in 1830 became modern Belgium, and the continuation of British subsidies to its allies. The Treaty of Chaumont united the powers to defeat Napoleon and became the cornerstone of the Concert of Europe, which formed the balance of power for the next two decades. The basic tenet of the European balance of power is that no single European power should be allowed to achieve hegemony over a substantial part of the continent and that this is best curtailed by having a small number of ever-changing alliances contend for power.
The Congress of Vienna dissolved the Napoleonic world and attempted to restore the monarchies Napoleon had overthrown, ushering in an era of reaction. Under the leadership of Metternich, the prime minister of Austria (1809–48) and Lord Castlereagh, the foreign minister of Great Britain (1812–22), the Congress set up a system to preserve the peace. Under the Concert of Europe, the major European powers—Britain, Russia, Prussia, Austria, and (after 1818) France—pledged to meet regularly to resolve differences. The goal was not simply to restore old boundaries but to resize the main powers so they could balance each other and remain at peace. The leaders were conservatives with little use for republicanism or revolution, both of which threatened to upset the status quo in Europe. This plan was the first of its kind in European history and seemed to promise a way to collectively manage European affairs and promote peace.
Explanation:
Why was the Embargo Act repealed?
a. it wasn't effective
C. it impacted foreign trade with nations other
than Britain
d. it was unconstitutional
b. it was harmful to the British economy
Answer:
impacted foreign trade with nations other than Britain
Explanation:
The Embargo Act of 1897 was repealed because it "impacted foreign trade with nations other than Britain."
This is evident in the fact that American traders lost a lot of money during the period of embargo, as it was not only the British, the embargo asked not to trade with but other foreign nations as well.
The purpose of the act was to lessen the power of Britain during their war with France, however, it affected the American merchants more as it prohibits trading with not just the British but other foreign nations. It was later repealed in 1809 as against the scheduled 1810.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Why did the Ottoman rulers begin to view Armenians as a threat?
Answer:
Suny: That is the central question of my forthcoming book. There is a tendency on the part of some scholars - particularly Armenians - not to try to explain the genocide because – “why do you need to explain it? These are Turks, this is what they do, and this is the kind of regime it was.” Or, slightly more sophisticated – “oh, it's Christians and Muslims – they are inevitably in conflict.” Or — “it's clashes of nationalism.” Now for me, religion, nationalism, the nature of Turkish culture, Ottoman society, the state - all of these are the questionsto be asked, not the answers. That is, they need to be investigated. The way I would explain this genocide, and I think it has relevance for other kinds of ethnic cleansings and mass killings, is that the regime developed what I call an “affective disposition” - that is, an emotional understanding of who the enemy was. They constructed the Armenians as an existential threat to the Ottoman Empire and to the Turkish nation, what they conceived as the Turkish nation at that time. I try to explain the origins of this affective disposition - this mental universe - in which emotion, fear, anger, and resentment combined to create an image of Armenians. Armenians originally had been thought of as a loyal millet, but after 1878 the Armenians became an instrument of certain foreign powers to intervene in the Ottoman regime and internal policy — the Ottomans began to see them as a threat.
Remind us what happened in 1878.
This was the Russian-Turkish War of 1877-1878. The Russians beat the Turks, and they were going to impose reforms on the Ottoman Empire, and that was the beginning of the new “Armenian question” that continued right up to the war. Now, some people would say "well, you don't need to go into emotions - it was a perfectly strategic, rational choice. The Armenians were actually a threat in World War I, and the Turks decided to get rid of them for national security reasons.” My view is that's an insufficient explanation. Why did they see them as a threat? A threat is always a perception. It's about emotion, it's about understanding, feeling, sentiment, and construction - both cognitive and emotional construction. I'm taking a step backwards to see how they got into the position that they could imagine people this way and then carry out the worst possible kinds of things. I’m bringing emotion into it.
By some accounts, Armenians sided with Russia at the beginning of World War I —was that something the Ottomans could point to that the Armenians were a threat?
This is the problem. You can't say the Armenians sided with Russia. That is what the Ottomans would say, and they perceived that. So there are people who try to justify what the Ottomans did to the Armenians by saying they were with the enemy. What I try to show in the book is that the overwhelming majority of Ottoman Armenians wanted to stay in the Empire, but they also wanted reforms to protect them and allow them to prosper. They wanted Kurdish predations against Armenians to be contained, for example. The Ottoman government was opposed to these reforms, but ultimately had to agree to them in February 1914. When the war came, though, they used the first opportunity to get rid of them. I’ll give you an example. As the Ottomans are going to war, they mobilize the population. Hundreds and thousands of young Armenian men are drafted and join the Ottoman army. A few desert and go over to the Russian side. Some prominent leaders go over to the Russian side. The Russians form Armenian voluntary units on the Caucasian side against the Ottomans, but the Turks see this as treachery and demobilize hundreds of thousands of Armenian soldiers, take their weapons and uniforms away, turn them into labor battalions, and eventually murder them. So it's a very different thing. It's not that there wasn't sympathy among some for Russia, but there was also no particular love for Russia. Russians didn't like the Armenian nationalist revolutionaries any more than the Turks did so they were persecuting them as well. The Armenians were in an unfortunate position - in Persia, in Russia, and in Turkey. They were like the Kurds today.
What was the result of the restoration in England
What impact did the expansion of railroad in the west have on the American Indians who live there
Answer:
What impact did the expansion of railroads in the West have on the American Indians who lived there? They were displaced from their tribal lands. They moved into towns and lived among the new settlers. They stopped farming and took jobs in factories.
What is the primary purpose of the First Declaration? What does the Declaration call for, and what reasons does it give for why?
Answer:
The introductory sentence states the Declaration's main purpose, to explain the colonists' right to revolution. In other words, “to declare the causes which impel them to the separation.” Congress had to prove the legitimacy of its cause.
Explanation:
due today that serious plz mark me the brainlyest if this helps u
What do you wonder about related to space or
NASA? (at least 3)
Hurry
Answer:
1)I wonder if there are and how many other universes are out the in space
2) I wonder if other planets are livable but scientist just haven’t discovered them yet
3) I wonder how many astronauts have been to space in total
Explanation:
Type your response in the box.
List three effects of slavery in Africa.
**ima give u brainliest!!!*
which civil war conflict, which was a confederate victory, was fought in the appalation plateau region of georgia?
Answer:
Atlanta campaign - Civil War conflict
Confederate victory - battle of chickamauga
Battle of kettle creek - was fought in the appalachian plateau region of Georgia.
Explanation:
The Civil War began in 1861 and lasted up to 1865. The opposed between the South and the North started during the election of 1860 based on slavery. The outcome of the war was worst and bloody.
The Atlanta campaign was the military operations that took place in north Georgia under William T. Sherman.
The Battle of Chickamauga fought between Confederate forces and Union during the Civil War. The battle ended with defeating Union in southeastern Tennessee and northwestern Georgia.
Battle of kettle creek fought during the American Revolution. Patriots militia defeated Loyalists militia commanded by Colonel James Boyd.
Which examples does Obama provide to support his claim that "our immigration system is broken”? Check all that apply.
It is much harder for immigrants to enter the country today than it was in the past.
Some businesses hire undocumented workers and pay them less.
Most people around the world no longer want to immigrate to America.
Undocumented workers worry about losing their families if they come forward.
Some people are breaking the law and are not being punished for it.
Answer:
The hole in the system is that while you can set any legislation you may, wealthy businesses will continue to ship immigrants in by the busload to do cheap labor. And with the financial power they have behind them, there is not much our justice system can do. Only if legislature were to put into effect a set of laws to limit the powers of wealth in some way, would you close that hole in our immigration laws.
Explanation:
Answer:
b, d, e
Explanation:
Pick one of the core principles of US government. Explain in at least 3 sentences why you think it has been crucial in shaping our government.
Answer: See explanation
Explanation:
Some of the core principles in the United States of America include separation of power, limited government, checks and balances, sovereignty, and federalism.
According to the separation of powers, the government in an economy is divides into three main sectors which are the executive who carries out laws, legislative who makes the laws. and the judicial branch, who interprets the law.
It's been crucial in the shaping of the government as everyone has a role
find the value of x in the figure
Answer:
22
Explanation:
A = x
B = 4x
C = 90
D = 60
The sum of the interior angles in a quadrilateral is 360, so:
A + B + C + D = 360
x + 4x + 90 + 60 = 360
5x + 150 = 360
5x = 360 - 150
5x = 210
x = 42
Once a policy is developed to address an issue, who implements and enforces it?
Answer:
In the USA government, it's the executive branch of the USA government.
Answer:
citizens and specialized businesses
Explanation:
Governments and businesses use incentives to:
A. increase the opportunity cost of making an economic decision.
B. reduce the effects of scarcity when making an economic choice.
C. convince people to make certain economic decisions.
D. analyze the costs and benefits of an economic choice.
Answer:
D.analyze the cost and benefits of an economic choice
Which were provisions of the treaty of Versallies select five answers
Answer a b f g and c
Why is the columbian exchange not a trade system?
Answer:
this answers may help you
who is all from big bad texas, ese?
Why does conflict develop? in The Final Years
Answer:
Why does conflict develop? in The Final Years
Explanation:
The world has transformed rapidly in the decade since the end of the Cold War. An old system is gone and, although it is easy to identify what has changed, it is not yet clear that a new system has taken its place. Old patterns have come unstuck, and if new patterns are emerging, it is still too soon to define them clearly. The list of potentially epoch-making changes is familiar by now: the end of an era of bipolarity, a new wave of democratization, increasing globalization of information and economic power, more frequent efforts at international coordination of security policy, a rash of sometimes-violent expressions of claims to rights based on cultural identity, and a redefinition of sovereignty that imposes on states new responsibilities to their citizens and the world community.1
These transformations are changing much in the world, including, it seems, the shape of organized violence and the ways in which governments and others try to set its limits. One indication of change is the noteworthy decrease in the frequency and death toll of international wars in the 1990s. Subnational ethnic and religious conflicts, however, have been so intense that the first post-Cold War decade was marked by enough deadly lower-intensity conflicts to make it the bloodiest since the advent of nuclear weapons (Wallensteen and Sollenberg, 1996). It is still too soon to tell whether this shift in the most lethal type of warfare is a lasting change: the continued presence of contested borders between militarily potent states—in Korea, Kashmir, Taiwan, and the Middle East—gives reason to postpone judgment. It seems likely, though, that efforts to pre-
Page 2
Suggested Citation:"Conflict Resolution in a Changing World." National Research Council. 2000. International Conflict Resolution After the Cold War. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9897.×
Add a note to your bookmark
vent outbreaks in such hot spots will take different forms in the changed international situation.
A potentially revolutionary change in world politics has been a de facto redefinition of “international conflict.” International conflict still includes the old-fashioned war, a violent confrontation between nation states acting through their own armed forces or proxies with at least one state fighting outside its borders. But now some conflicts are treated as threats to international peace and security even if two states are not fighting. Particularly when internal conflicts involve violations of universal norms such as self-determination, human rights, or democratic governance, concerted international actions—including the threat or use of force—are being taken to prevent, conclude, or resolve them just as they sometimes have been for old-fashioned wars. In this sense some conflicts within a country’s borders are being treated as international.
There are various prominent recent examples. They include the delayed international military responses to genocide in Rwanda, ethnic cleansing in Bosnia, and repression in East Timor; the unprecedented military response of NATO to repression in Kosovo; the establishment and enforcement of no-fly zones in Iraq; and the use of economic sanctions against South Africa and Yugoslavia. Threatened or enacted coups d’état against democratically established governments have also sometimes been treated as international conflicts, as in Haiti. Similarly, threats of the violent dissolution of states or of their dissolution into violence have triggered international concern, as in Bosnia, Albania, and Somalia.
How important are such recent developments? In particular, do they make any important difference in how the actors on the world scene should deal with international conflicts? Do the tools developed for managing international conflicts under the old world system still apply? Are they best applied in new ways or by new entities? Are there new tools that are more appropriate for the new conditions? How do the old and new tools relate to each other?
This book is devoted to examining these questions. This chapter begins the examination by identifying the major strategies of conflict resolution, old and new, that are relevant in the emerging world system. We use the term conflict resolution broadly to refer to efforts to prevent or mitigate violence resulting from intergroup or interstate conflict, as well as efforts to reduce the underlying disagreements. We presume that conflict between social groups is an inevitably recurring fact of life and that the goal of conflict resolution is to keep conflicts channeled within a set of agreed norms that foster peaceful discussion of differences, proscribe violence as a means of settling disputes, and establish rules for the limited kinds of violence that are condoned (e.g., as punishment for violations of codes of criminal conduct)
Who was Joseph Breen and what were his concerns about Casablanca?
Answer:
Joseph Breen was American film censor.
His concerns were related to the sexual content show in the Casablanca.
Explanation:
Joseph Breen full name was Joseph Ignatius Breen born on 14 October, 1888.
He was an American film censor with the Motion Picture Producers and the head of the Production Code Administration.
He was also the Distributors of America applying the Hays Code to film production.
Joseph Breen had the concerns with the Casablanca relating to the sexual contents appearing in the movie.
who was Joseph Stalin?
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Joseph Stalin was a awful dictator who killed everybody that opposed him
Answer:
He was the leader during WW2 for Soviet Russia. Scaring Germany, his army made a successful atempt at the battle of Stalingrad where before that, Russia had factories making multiple tanks and aircraft that would help push the Nazis out of Russia. The Nazis were not suplied with winter gear when winter came along. Hitler didn't decide to give his troops winter gear because he thought they wouldv'e taken Russia already. Because of the extreme cold, Stalin gathered his troops that were trained to fight in the extreme cold and pushed Germans back into Germany.
Explanation:
Hope this helps!
Which president do you think was better Thomas Jefferson or Monroe doctrine and why?? How come? Pls answer full words and make it make sense:) no copies and pasted pls:)
Answer:
They were both great presidents, but I'm going to side with James Monroe. President James Monroe had the best foreign policy for the United States in the early 1800s. A policy called the Monroe Doctrine was issued by President James Monroe in favor of the new Latin American states, which warned European nations to honor the independence of the former colonies of Spain. The Monroe Doctrine created a strong nation in the United States, able to stand up for its own rights and that of its neighbors. Monroe’s policy showed how strong and independent the U.S was, but it also supported others who were seeking independence. The Era of Good Feelings was a name for President Monroe's two terms, a period of strong nationalism, economic growth, and territorial expansion. Since the Federalist party dissolved after the War of 1812, there was only one political party and no partisan conflicts.
Why do Emerson and Thoreau each value instinct
Answer:
Emerson and Thoreau each value instinct is described below in details.
Explanation:
Both of them understood that people should explore trustworthiness in nature. Both Emerson and Thoreau considered existing a simplistic life. Thoreau understood that if life is lived in a rush, it is a misuse. ... Emerson understood that individualism should be discovered through nature. Emerson was an ambitious scholar who came to revolution steadily. Thoreau was a sympathizer of nature who took a dusky appearance of his fellow men.
what symbol shows the location of agriculture settlement?
Answer: if talking about a map, the answer should be compass
Explanation:
The northwest ordinance created a process for territories to become states. What was one requirement for a territory to become a state?
Answer:
Had to have like 3000 people in it or something
Explanation:
Answer:
congress setting up a government for the territory
Ex planation:
It's right I'm taking the test and It is right.
When did the French Revolution begin ?
Answer:
May 5, 1789
May 5, 1789
May 5, 1789
May 5, 1789
Answer: May 5, 1789 – November 9, 1799
Explanation: The French Revolution was a watershed event in world history that began in 1789 and ended in the late 1790's with the ascent of Napoleon Bonaparte. During this period, French citizens radically altered their political landscape, uprooting centuries-old institutions such as the monarchy and the feudal system.
Which of the following events prompted the USSR to form the Warsaw Pact?
the enactment of the Marshall Plan in 1948
the Berlin airlift in 1948 and 1949
the creation of NATO in 1949
the addition of West Germany to NATO in 1955
the answer is D : the addition of West Germany to NATO in 1955
Answer:
D
Explanation:
In May 1955 West Germany joined NATO, which prompted the Soviet Union to form the Warsaw Pact alliance in central and eastern Europe the same year. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
What was the Warsaw Pact?The Warsaw Pact, formally the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance, was a Cold War collective defense treaty signed in May 1955 in Warsaw, Poland, between the Soviet Union and seven other Eastern Bloc socialist republics of Central and Eastern Europe.
The Warsaw Pact was the military counterpart to the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (Comecon), the regional economic organisation for Central and Eastern European socialist states. The Warsaw Pact was formed in response to West Germany's admission to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1955, as a result of the 1954 London and Paris Conferences.
Therefore, the addition of West Germany to NATO in 1955 prompted the USSR to form the Warsaw Pact.
To learn more about Warsaw Pact, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/731626
#SPJ6
Question 58
The development of the Second Great Awakening can best be linked to which of the following historical situations?
A
The market revolution led to a larger number of Americans working for wages.
B
Increased geographical mobility aided travel to new regions and the sharing of ideas.
с
Ideals of Romanticism caused more people to question the principles of the nation's founders.
D
The growing abolitionist movement was predominately influenced by northern Protestant Christians.
The development of the Second Great Awakening can be linked to B: Increased geographical mobility aided travel to new regions and the sharing of ideas.
The Second Great Awakening serves as Protestant religious revival that happened around early 19th century in the United States.The development of the Second Great Awakening is as result of Increased geographical mobility which allows movement new regions and the sharing of ideas.Therefore, option B is correct.
Learn more at:https://brainly.com/question/1100097?referrer=searchResults
How did welfare affect African americans from the 1960s to the 1990's?
Answer: The injustices of racism led to a more vocal and successful Civil Rights Movement.
Explanation:
What led up to the Treaty of
Greenville and how did if affect the
Northwest Territory?
in the 1800s some politicians wanted american indians to adopt white culture. this idea was called
Answer:
Assimilation she is right
Explanation:
This idea was called assimilation. settlement. removal. expansion.
plz mark brainlyest but u dnt have to
Answer:
assimilation
Explanation: