Epinephrine inhibits salivary gland activity and muscle cell contraction in the airways, yet stimulates glycogen release in muscle cells and heart muscle cell contraction. One hormone could have opposing effects on different organs as e. cells in the different tissues would have epinephrine receptors coupled to different signaling pathways.
It is through the cell signaling pathway that a hormone is able to cause a cell to cause an action. The activity of a cell that is performed under the influence of a hormone depends on cell signaling.
A hormone might cause two opposing actions for different cell types depending on how the cell perceives the hormone through its receptors. As muscle cells require glycogen hence epinephrine couples with receptors that promote this activity in muscle cells through cell signaling. However, it inhibits this activity in the salivary gland due to the coupling with a receptor of salivary gland cells that inhibit this pathway.
The activity of a hormone through cell signaling helps the cell to complete its specialized functions.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
Epinephrine inhibits salivary gland activity and muscle cell contraction in the airways, yet stimulates glycogen release in muscle cells and heart muscle cell contraction. How could one hormone have opposing effects on different organs?
a. Cells in the tissues that are suppressed do not express an epinephrine receptor.
b. Cells in responsive tissues have signal transduction pathways.
c. Only responsive tissues are exposed to the epinephrine in the blood stream.
d. Cells in tissues that are not responsive contain enzymes that break down epinephrine when it enters the cell.
e. Cells in the different tissues would have epinephrine receptors coupled to different signaling pathways.
To learn more about signaling pathways, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/8222421
#SPJ4
PLEASE ANSWER SOON BIO HW, real answers only thanks
The reactants of hydrolysis are triglycerides, polypeptides, DNA and RNA, and polysaccharides
The products of hydrolysis are fatty acids, glycerol, monosaccharides, nucleotides, and amino acids.Understanding the reactants and products of hydrolysis.It follows that whenever water molecule reacts with a macromolecule, the water molecule breaks and its bond splits to form a union with another chemical species. These species which are mentioned above are macromolecules which are also reactants involved in hydrolysis.
Generally, in hydrolysis, smaller molecules are generated from large and complex molecules by breaking the bonds that join them.
Hydrolysis is if economic importance simply because it helps in digestion of food substances.
In conclusion, the macromolecules such as polypeptides, polysaccharides and others are involved in hydrolytic reactions.
Read more on hydrolysis:
https://brainly.com/question/11461355
#SPJ1
What is the benefit of asexual reproduction
Benefits of asexual reproduction involve: the biological female only needs one guardian, themselves. You'll be more efficient with your time and energy because they don't need a companion.
Help please. Image is attached , Thanks!
Answer:
9. 2,240
10.272
11.6%
12.40g
13.24g
Explanation:
serving size is one oz so take serving size x how many ounces your told to eat= answer
Practice:organelle identification Complete the table by writing the name of the cell part besides it’s structure/function
The correct matching of the cell organelles and their functions are:
1. Stores material within the cell - vacuole2. Closely stacked, flattened sacs (plants only) - chloroplast /granum3. The sites of protein synthesis - ribosome4. Transports materials within the cell - vesicles5. The region inside the cell except for the nucleus - cytoplasm6. Organelle that manages or controls all the cell functions in a eukaryotic cell - nucleus7. Contains chlorophyll, a green pigment that traps energy from sunlight and gives plants their green color - chloroplast8. Digests excess or worn-out cell parts, food particles and invading viruses or bacteria - lysosome9. Small bumps located on portions of the endoplasmic reticulum - ribosomes10. Provides temporary storage of food, enzymes and waste products - vesicle11. Firm, protective structure that gives the cell its shape inplants, fungi, most bacteria and some protists - cell wall12. Produces a usable form of energy for the cell - mitochondria13. Packages proteins for transport out of the cell - Golgi body14. Everything inside the cell including the nucleus - cytosol15. Site where ribosomes are made - nucleolus16. The membrane surrounding the cell - plasma membrane17. Provides support for the cell, has two “subparts” - Lipid bilayer18. Name for the collection of DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells -Chromosome/chromatinWhat are cell organelles?Cell organelles are specialized structures found within the cells which perform specific functions.
Cells organelles are considered as small organs or mini-organs within cells.
The cell organelles may be classified into:
membrane-bound organelles, andnon-membrane-bound organelles.Some of the cell organelles and their function include:
Mitochondria - produces energy in the form of ATP for the cellNucleus - stores the genetic informationEndoplasmic reticulum - synthesizes proteins and lipidsGolgi apparatus - packaging and distribution of biomolecules.Lysosome - digestion of molecules and foreign materials.Ribosomes - they are the sites of proteni synthesisLearn more about cell organelles at: https://brainly.com/question/25742135
#SPJ1
Note that the complete question is given below:
Complete the following table by writing the name of the cell part or organelle in the right hand column that matches the structure/function in the left hand column. A cell part MAY be used more than once.
Stores material within the cell vacuole
Closely stacked, flattened sacs (plants only) chloroplast /granum
The sites of protein synthesis ribosome
Transports materials within the cell vesicles
The region inside the cell except for the nucleus cytoplasm
Organelle that manages or controls all the cell functions
in a eukaryotic cell nucleus
Contains chlorophyll, a green pigment that traps energy
from sunlight and gives plants their green color chloroplast
Digests excess or worn-out cell parts, food particles and
invading viruses or bacteria lysosome
Small bumps located on portions of the endoplasmic
reticulum ribosomes
Provides temporary storage of food, enzymes and waste
products vesicle
Firm, protective structure that gives the cell its shape in
plants, fungi, most bacteria and some protests cell wall
Produces a usable form of energy for the cell mitochondria
Packages proteins for transport out of the cell Golgi body
Everything inside the cell including the nucleus cytosol
Site where ribosomes are made nucleolus
The membrane surrounding the cell plasma membrane
Provides support for the cell, has two “subparts” Lipid bilayer
Name for the collection of DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells Chromosome/chromatin
A biologist discovers a new signal transduction pathway in fruit flies that involves a protein kinase cascade. As part of a grant proposal he writes to obtain funding for further work on this pathway, the biologist proposes research to look for phosphatase enzymes. Why?.
Simple cuboidal epithelia are usually found in areas where secretion and absorption occur. True or false?.
The statement is true that simple cuboidal epithelia are usually found in areas where secretion and absorption occur.
Simple cuboidal epithelia consists if a single layer of cells that are almost equal in length and breadth. The layer consists of various glands and ducts that aid in the process of secretion and absorption. Besides, it also acts to protect the skin and other organs by lining them.
Secretion is the process of releasing some substance from any gland or organ inside the body. It is not necessary that the substance to be secreted is synthesized in the same organ from where it is secreted. The various secretions inside human body are; mucus, digestive juices, hormones, etc.
To know more about simple cuboidal epithelia, here
brainly.com/question/28431961
#SPJ4
Skeletal and cardiac muscle cells store calcium in extensive networks of which organelle?.
Skeletal and cardiac muscle cells store calcium in extensive networks of smooth ER.
Cardiac muscles are those that build up the heart. These muscles have the ability of auto-rhythmicity. Thus means that they can perform movements on their own. Cardiac muscles are also called involuntary muscles, because they do not move according to the wish of the individual.
Smooth ER is the one that does not have ribosomes attached on its surface. It acts as a reservoir for storing the calcium ions inside the cell. These calcium ions are transported to the cell organelle by active transport and release by the signals of hormones.
To know more about smooth ER, here
brainly.com/question/28523090
#SPJ1
major problems commercial farmers encounter
These are just a few, there are others but these are some main ones with climate change being #1 of the most major one
Cellular respiration is an exothermic reaction and photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction. How does the required activation energy compare for these two reactions?
Photosynthesis needs a higher amount of energy to activate the reaction because the products are at a lower energy state than the reactants.
Cellular respiration needs a higher amount of energy to activate the reaction because the products are at a lower energy state than the reactants.
Photosynthesis needs a smaller amount of energy to activate the reaction because the products are at a lower energy state than the reactants.
Cellular respiration needs a smaller amount of energy to activate the reaction because the products are at a lower energy state than the reactants.
Answer:
I think it is either a or c
Explanation:
83. a factor x assay has the following results: 1:10 dilution: 50% 1:20 dilution: 77% 1:40 dilution: 127% these results indicate the presence of: a. factor deficiency b. clotted sample c. inhibitor d. bad draw
These results indicate the presence of Inhibitor.
Enzyme inhibitors are substances that alter the enzyme's catalytic capabilities. As a result, they reduce the enzyme's ability to catalyze reactions or, in extreme circumstances, completely halt them. These inhibitors function by obstructing or changing the active site. For instance, lactose is the name of the sugar present in milk.
Active Site- The term "active site" describes the particular area of an enzyme where a substrate attaches and catalysis or a chemical reaction takes place. When an enzyme reacts with a protein, a structural component of the protein controls whether it is functional or not.
To know more about the Inhibitor, click on the below link,
https://brainly.com/question/14800463
#SPJ4
What current goes through a 2070 W kettle connected to a 230 V mains supply?
The current of the kettle will be 9 Amp
Given that
V=230V,P=2070 W
We know that,
The power transferred by an electric current will be estimated by the formula :
P=VI
This formula was derived by Ohm's law where if any two quantities among power voltage and current is given the third quantity can be calculated by the formula
where, P= power V= voltage I= Current
The amount of Current used will be calculated by the formula:
I= P/V
Substituting the given values in the formula,
I=2070/ 230
I= 9 Amp
So the current carried by the 2070 W having 230 mains supply will be 9 amp
To learn more about power current voltage relationship please refer:
https://brainly.com/question/21334428
#SPJ9
Endocytosis is the process of taking vesicles into the cell using?
Answer: Endocytosis
Explanation: the process of capturing a substance or particle from outside the cell by engulfing it with the cell membrane, and bringing it into the cell. Exocytosis describes the process of vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane and releasing their contents to the outside of the cell.
hope this helps
If gtp hydrolysis occurs on a tubulin molecule at the plus end of a microtubule protofilament before another tubulin molecule is added, what typically happens?.
The microtubule depolymerizes will happen when gtp hydrolysis occurs on a tubulin molecule at the plus end of a microtubule protofilament before another tubulin molecule is added.
The harmful effects of microtubule depolymerizing and polymerizing substances lead to apoptosis after mitotic arrest, and these effects are more pronounced in cancer cells than in healthy cells. In reality, a number of microtubule inhibitors are often used in clinical settings.
Microtubules provide a variety of purposes. For instance, they are crucial parts of cilia and flagella and provide the structured, rigid components of the cytoskeleton that provide shape to many cells (cellular locomotory projections). During cell division, they take role in the development of the spindle (mitosis).
Three different spindle microtubule types—kinetochore microtubules (green), astral microtubules (blue), and interpolar microtubules—frame the spindle's overall shape (red). The fast-growing (plus) end and the slow-growing (minus) end are the two different ends of the polarised structure known as microtubules.
Learn more about hydrolysis:
https://brainly.com/question/27121113
#SPJ4
What type of channel opens in response to an action potential arriving at the axon terminal and functions to allow synaptic vesicles to release neurotransmitters?.
Voltage gated Ca2+ channels opens in response to an action potential arriving at the axon terminal and functions to allow synaptic vesicles to release neurotransmitters.
Voltage-gated calcium channels are found in the cell membranes of nerve cells and are responsible for regulating the flow of calcium ions into the cell. These channels open in response to an action potential arriving at the axon terminal, and function to allow synaptic vesicles to release neurotransmitters.
Calcium ions are important for many cellular processes, including muscle contraction, secretion of hormones, and cell signaling. When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, it causes the voltage-gated calcium channels to open, allowing calcium ions to flow into the cell. This influx of calcium ions causes the synaptic vesicles to release their neurotransmitters into the synapse, where they can bind to and activate post-synaptic receptors.
The voltage-gated calcium channels are critical for proper nerve function, and any dysfunction of these channels can lead to serious problems. For example, if the channels do not open properly in response to an action potential, the synaptic vesicles will not be able to release their neurotransmitters, and the nerve cell will be unable to communicate with other cells. This can lead to serious problems, such as paralysis.
Learn more on neurotransmitters here:
https://brainly.com/question/26387085
#SPJ4
how do i mark people brainlest
Answer:
Explanation: If two people had given you an answer to your question, then there is a option to mark ONE of them as brainliest. Click on the option “mark as brainliest” near the answer u like most. If only one person gave a answer then after some time u will receive a notification that u can mark their answer an brainiest. In which u just repeat the step of clicking on “mark as brainiest”
Which factors could cause emphysema?
i. air pollution
ii. genetic predisposition
iii. tobacco smoke
a. i and ii only
b. i and iii only
c. ii and iii only
d. i, ii and iii
The factors that can cause emphysema are air pollution, genetic predisposition and tobacco smoke. The correct option is d.
What is emphysema?Emphysema is a type of lung disease that causes shortness of breath. The air sacs in the lungs (alveoli) are damaged in people with emphysema.
The inner walls of the air sacs weaken and rupture over time, resulting in larger air spaces rather than many small ones.
Emphysema is usually caused by long-term exposure to irritants that damage your lungs and airways.
People who are born with a genetic mutation that causes an alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency are predisposed to an early form of emphysema as well as liver cirrhosis.
Thus, the correct option is d.
For more details regarding emphysema, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/27962002
#SPJ1
What three different types of atoms, or elements, are present in monosaccharides?
Like all carbohydrates, a monosaccharide consists of three chemical elements: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. It is the simplest type of carbohydrate molecule and often serves as the basis for forming more complex molecules. Monosaccharides include aldoses, ketoses, and their derivatives.
In familial hypercholesterolemia, individuals with two abnormal alleles die of heart attacks in childhood, those with only one abnormal allele typically die as young adults, and those with two normal alleles have normal life expectancies. This exemplifies __________.
In familial hypercholesterolemia, individuals with two abnormal alleles die of heart attacks in childhood, those with only one abnormal allele typically die as young adults, and those with two normal alleles have normal life expectancies. This exemplifies C. incomplete dominance
In the field of genetics, the phenomenon of incomplete dominance can be described as the one in which the dominant allele does not have the ability to completely mask the recessive allele. As a result, an intermediate species is formed that is different from both the homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive types.
In familial hypercholesterolemia, incomplete dominance is shown by young adults who have one healthy and one abnormal allele. As a result, these young adults are able to survive till a young age. On the contrary, the individuals with both abnormal alleles die during childhood and those with both normal alleles live a normal life.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
In familial hypercholesterolemia, individuals with two abnormal alleles die of heart attacks in childhood, those with only one abnormal allele typically die as young adults, and those with two normal alleles have normal life expectancies. This exemplifies __________.
A. penetrance
B. codominance
C. incomplete dominance
D. complete dominance
E. pleiotropy
To learn more about incomplete dominance, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/7294889
#SPJ4
cdks, a protein, are present during all stages of the cell cycle. however, cells spend most of their life in g1. if cdks are always present then what is preventing the cells from continually progressing through the cell cycle
p53 is activated when a DNA get damage which result in production of a Cdk inhibitor is preventing the cells from continually progressing through the cell cycle.
Through the phosphorylation of the target genes, such as the tumour suppressor protein retinoblastoma, the synthesis of cyclin/CDKs regulates the cell-cycle progression.Cyclins collaborate with an enzyme family known as the cyclin-dependent kinases to control the cell cycle's activities (Cdks). A Cdk that is not bound to a cyclin is inactive, but when it is, it becomes a functioning enzyme that can alter target proteins.Mitosis and interphase are the two phases that make up the cell cycle. The majority of the cell's activity during interphase is devoted to the tasks that distinguish it from other cells. The stage of the cell cycle known as mitosis occurs when a cell divides into two daughter cells.To learn more about cell cycle.
brainly.com/question/12277305
#SPJ4
During photosynthesis, where do sugars like glucose eventually form in a plant cell?
Choose 1 answer:
(Choice A)
Chloroplast; thylakoid membrane
(Choice B)
Mitochondrion; stroma
(Choice C)
Chloroplast; grana
(Choice D)
Chloroplast; stroma
Answer:
(Choice C)
Chloroplast; grana
Explanation:
in determining their composition, they were told they are polypetides formed into sphercal shapes which were mostly soluble in water. they concluded that these antibodies were
In determining their composition, they were told they are polypetides formed into sphercal shapes which were mostly soluble in water. they concluded that these antibodies were globular protiens.
What is globular protiens?The term "globular protein" is fairly old (dating likely from the 19th century) and is now somewhat obsolete given the hundreds of thousands of proteins and more sophisticated and descriptive structural motif vocabulary. Only by using ultracentrifuges or dynamic light scattering techniques can the globular nature of these proteins be identified without the use of contemporary methods.
By virtue of the protein's tertiary structure, the spherical structure is induced. Apolar (hydrophobic) amino acids are bonded inside the molecule, whereas polar (hydrophilic) amino acids are bound outside. This allows for dipole-dipole interactions with the solvent, which explains why the molecule is soluble.
The free energy released when a protein folds into its native shape is relatively low, which makes globular proteins only weakly stable.
To learn more about globular protiens from the given link:
https://brainly.com/question/13802226
#SPJ4
Explain why the gases came out of the leaf when it was put into warm water
Explanation:
the leaf is using light to uphold photosynthesis when underwater. oxygenating the leaf is one of the steps in this experiment.
you are investigating the bubbles forming in the water which are caused by oxygen .so plants don't breathe using lungs as we humans do they just take in and evict air.
Which of the following is not true about cells?
Which of the following is not true about cells?
All living cells always come from other living cells.
All living thing begins life as a single cell.
It takes many cells to make a living organism.
The cell is the basic unit of the structure and function of life.
Answer:
all living thing begins life as a single cell is false statement
A bacterium does not continuously swim at one speed in one direction. Different arrangements and structures of flagella contribute to changes in speed and direction when necessary. How does motility relate to flagellation?.
Different arrangements and structures of flagella contribute to changes in speed and direction when necessary. Motility relates to flagellation as:
Polar flagella (in any one or both the poles of the bacterium) makes the organism move very quickly in a particular direction.Peritrichous flagella (present all over the cell) helps the organism in rotation and tumbling.Amphitrichous flagella ( present in bulk at both the ends) move the organism slowly as these flagella work alternately and hence stop periodically to change directions).Flagella is a hair like structure present in both prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic cell. It helps in motility. An organism can have a single flagella or multiple and these can be arranged in various ways.
To know more about flagella, here
brainly.com/question/905839
#SPJ4
I NEED HELP THIS IS TIMED
Select from the drop-down menus to label the a, b, and c parts of the bony fish.
Answer: WHat are the choices
Explanation:
(f) A man has a head injury.
He staggers and sways as he walks.
Suggest which part of his brain has been damaged.
Answer:
CerebellumThe cerebellum is primarily responsible for muscle control, including balance and movement. It also plays a role in other cognitive functions such as language processing and memory.
If stranded in a boat In the middle of the ocean, why is it not a good idea to drink sea/salty
water?
A. Salt water makes you go crazy because the salt attacks brain cells
B. Salt water makes you less thirsty because your cells gain water through osmosis
C. Salt water makes you more thirsty because your cells lose water through osmosis
D. Salt water makes you more thirsty because your cells will gain water through osmosis
The word helix means spiral. what does this tell you about the structure of dna, which is a double helix macromolecule?
The DNA is double helix macromolecule, that means it has two strands of spirals joined together by hydrogen bonds.
DNA is the Deoxyribonucleic Acid. It is the main genetic material present in the majority of the organisms. The double helix are joined together by hydrogen bonds, giving the DNA a spiral staircase like appearance. These two strands are anti-parallel in nature.
Hydrogen bonds are the non-covalent bonds. These are usually intermolecular bonds, however they can be intramolecular as well. The bond is formed between one hydrogen atom and another electronegative atom of some other molecule, like fluorine, oxygen or nitrogen.
To know more about hydrogen bonds, here
brainly.com/question/10904296
#SPJ1
Why should closing the iris diaphragm improve your ability to determine the thread color
By closing the iris diaphragm, it reduces the amount of external light, improving the image.
What does the iris diaphragm do?The iris diaphram is a shutter that may be adjusted to control how much light enters the condenser. The angle affects the condenser's Numerical Aperture (NA). One of the key settings on the microscope is this diaphragm, often known as the aperture diaphragm.
The condenser's iris diaphragm controls the angle at which light is directed onto the specimen. The amount of light that enters the condenser may be regulated using the iris diaphram, which functions as a shutter. The condenser's numerical aperture is impacted by the angle (NA).
When the iris diaphragm is closed, the specimen will get less light, but contrast will increase.
To learn more about iris diaphragm click on the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/13296024
#SPJ1
Among deaf people, neurons in the temporal lobe that might normally process auditory stimuli take on new functions. this best illustrates?
Among deaf people, neurons in the temporal lobe that might normally process auditory stimuli take on new functions. This best illustrates plasticity.
Neurons are also called nerve cells. These are the longest cell of the body that functions to relay signals all across the body. The structure if a neuron comprises of a cell body, dendrites, axon and axon terminal.
Plasticity of the brain is its ability to modify or re-build its connections. This is a common functions observed in the brain during its development. The experiences, learning, memory retention, etc. are the activities that aid in the brain plasticity.
To know more about plasticity, here
brainly.com/question/15109858
#SPJ1