FOOD MACROMOLECULES INTRODUCTION

Biological Macromolecules
Most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body weight. All compounds can be classified in two broad categories ---organic and inorganic compounds. Organic compounds are all based on carbon. Carbon can form single bonds with another atom and also bond to other carbon molecules forming double and triple bonds. This allows carbon based molecules to form single and double rings, chains, and branching chains. Most organic compounds are built primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen but in different ratios. Each small organic molecule can be a unit of a large organic molecule called a macromolecule. If the small organic units are identical or form patterns they are called monomers and the large organic molecule they form is called a polymer.
When monomers are joined together the reaction is called dehydration synthesis or condensation as water is produced when the monomers are bonded together. To break the polymers down again the reaction is called hydrolysis. Notice how water is used or produced in these two reactions shown to the right.
There are four classes of macromolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Heterotrophs, like us, must get these biological macromolecules from our food which we break down into monomers through digestion. This makes the molecules small enough to cross cell membranes. Our cells use them either as energy sources or to build the carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids that our body needs

Questions:
.
What atom makes up the backbone of biological macromolecules?

Answer:

122.5 Joule, or 122.5 j

Explanation:

Given,

mass of the object (m) = 5 kg

velocity of the object (v) = 7 m/s

Kinetic energy = [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex] × m × v²

Applying the formula:

Kinetic energy = [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex] × 5 × 7²

⇒ [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex] × 5 × 7 × 7

⇒ [tex]\frac{245}{2}[/tex]

⇒ 122.5 Joule, or 122.5 j

Kinetic energy is the energy that an object gains as the result of the motion.  It also depends on the mass of the object and force with which the motion is applied.  In the given question, the mass of the object is 5 kg and the force of the velocity by which it is moving is 7 m/s.

Answer:

Explanation:

The metal zinc readily reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas (H2) and zinc chloride (ZnCl2). Every chemical reaction either produces or absorbs heat. In chemistry this effect is described as the reaction enthalpy. The zinc reaction produces the heat and hence has the negative enthalpy.

Plz mark me brainliest

Answer:

[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf 0.3375 \ mol \ NaCl}}[/tex]

Explanation:

Molarity is found by dividing the moles of solute by liters of solution.

[tex]M=\frac{moles \ of \ solute }{liters \ of \ solution}[/tex]

We know the molarity is 0.45 M and there are 0.750 liters of solution. The solute is NaCl (sodium chloride). We can substitute the values into the formula.

[tex]0.45 \ M = \frac{ moles \ of \ NaCl}{ 0.750 \ L }[/tex]

The molarity (M) can also be represented by mol/L

[tex]0.45 \ mol/L = \frac{ moles \ of \ NaCl}{ 0.750 \ L }[/tex]

We are solving for the moles of solute, so we must isolate the numerator. It is being divided by 0.750 liters. The inverse operation is multiplication, so multiply both sides of the equation by 0.750 L.

[tex]0.750 \ L * 0.45 \ mol/L = \frac{ moles \ of \ NaCl}{ 0.750 \ L }*0.750 \ L[/tex]

The liters will cancel out.

[tex]0.750 * 0.45 \ mol = { moles \ of \ NaCl}[/tex]

[tex]0.3375 \ mol \ = moles \ of NaCl[/tex]

There are 0.3375 moles of NaCl in a 0.750 liter solution with a molarity of 0.45 M.

Answer:

Explanation:

To construct an angle of 130 degrees;

The first thing to do is to bisect a given line segment.

Let's say we measure an even straight line A to B. Line A to B is assumed to be 10 cm. Then, we will choose any convenient radius and draw an arc at A and B.

Then, we proceed by draw arcs to cut each other at P and Q. Join |PQ| to cut |AB| at R. R is the midpoint of |AB|.

After, we bisect a given line segment where point R which is half of line AB.

Using the R to B side;

Then, we place our protractor at R; Starting from zero degrees with the horizontal line (parallel to side B) . we mark out angle 130°  after we have counted all the way from 0°  to 130°. At 130°, we mark out the point (X) on the paper and draw the extended line till it joins at R.

The angle from B to X is angle 130°

Answer:

D. j.j thomson is the correct answer

Explanation:

just answered a similar question

Answer: 4.91 kJ

Explanation:

The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius is called the specific heat capacity.

[tex]Q=m\times c_l\times (T_(f,l)-T_(i,l))+m\imes L+m\times c_v\times T_(f,v)-T_(i,v)[/tex]

Q = Heat absorbed = ?

m= mass of mercury = 48.5 g  = 0.0485 kg

c = specific heat capacity = [tex]0.14kJ/kgK[/tex]

L = heat of vaporization = 59.2 kJ

Initial temperature of liquid mercury = [tex]T_i[/tex] = 400 K

Final temperature of mercury vapor = [tex]T_f[/tex]  = 700 K

Putting in the values, we get:

[tex]Q=0.0485\times 0.14\times (629.88-400)+0.0485\times 59.2+0.0485\times 0.14\times (700-629.88)[/tex]

[tex]Q=1.56+2.87+0.476[/tex]

[tex]Q=4.91kJ[/tex]

Answer:

16.2 kj

Explanation:

1.56kj + 14.31kj + 0.34kj

Answer:

state symbol meaning

[s] solid

liquid

gas

aq] aqueous dissolved in water

Explanation:

often chemical equations are written showing the state that each substance is in. the [s] sign means that the compound is a sold. the l sign means the substance is a liquid. the aq sign stands for aqueous in water and means the compound is dissolved in water

thank me later.

the law of conservation of mass applies.....?

Answer:

Its A, sorry I wrote something else.

Explanation:

The equator is the warmest, and the sunlight is not pointing towards point A.\

Friendly guy that likes to help

Answer:

3

Explanation:

On the left side we have 3 Calcium atoms and 6 fluorine atoms

that means there need to be the same number on the right side

in the CaF2 molecules we already have 2 fluorine atoms so by multiplying with 3 we get 3 Ca and 6F

Answer:

a. 0.78%

Explanation:

Given data:

Total percentage of hydrosphere = 2.5%

Percentage of ground water = 31%

Percentage of hydrosphere we use for drinking = ?

Solution:

Percentage of hydrosphere we use for drinking  = Percentage of ground water /100 × Total percentage of hydrosphere

By putting values,

Percentage of hydrosphere we use for drinking = 31 / 100× 2.5

Percentage of hydrosphere we use for drinking = 0.78%

Explanation:

[tex] \frac{given \: mass}{molar \: mass} [/tex]

hope it helps:)

Answer:

The balanced chemical equation is Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI produces PbI2 + 2K(NO)3. In chemistry, this is called a double replacement reaction. Lead nitrate and potassium iodide, which are the reactants, are powders that react to form a yellow-colored lead iodide and a colorless potassium nitrate.

Explanation:

Answer:

2KI+Pb(NO3)2 ⇒ PbI2 + 2KNO3

Answer:

are very reactive

Explanation:

Answer:

1

Explanation:

Octet meaning 8. So if chlorine already has 7 valence electrons it will only need to get 1 more to be satisfied.

Balance the reaction of Fe2(SO4)3 + KOH = K2SO4 + Fe(OH)3 using this chemical equation balancer! ... Fe2(SO4)3 + 6KOH → 3K2SO4 + 2Fe(OH)3 ...

Missing: _K[ ‎| Must include: _K[

Answer:

Fe2(SO4)3 + 6 KOH → 2 Fe(OH)3 + 3K2SO4

Explanation:

Answer:

scientific law is the answer of these questions

Answer:

No, the model does not demonstrate the conservation of matter

Explanation:

The principle of conservation of matter states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed but is transformed from one form to another.

If we look at the model presented, the products on the right hand side and the reactants on the left hand side, we will notice that there is a loss of matter from left to right.

As a result of this, the model does not show the principle of conservation of matter.

Answer:

45.165  ×  10²³ molecules

Explanation:

Given data:

Number of moles of SO₂ = 7.50 mol

Number of molecules = ?

Solution:

Avogadro number:

The given problem will solve by using Avogadro number.

It is the number of atoms , ions and molecules in one gram atom of element, one gram molecules of compound and one gram ions of a substance.  The number 6.022 × 10²³ is called Avogadro number.

1 mole = 6.022 × 10²³ molecules

7.50 mol  ×  6.022 × 10²³ molecules

45.165  ×  10²³ molecules

Answer:

They are neutral

Explanation:

Salts are chemical compounds formed when acids and a bases are combined together. Both substances nuetralize each other as they react, thereby forming salts which are neutral substances. This resultant compounds are neither basic nor acidic. They have a pH of 7, which makes them neutral in nature.

If Veronica spins in a circle with the compass in her hand, then the force which keeps the compass' needle pointing north is magnetic field.

The magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials is described by a magnetic field, which is a vector field. In a magnetic field, a moving charge receives a force that is perpendicular to both its velocity and the magnetic field.

Hence the required force is a magnetic force.

To know more about magnetic forces, visit the below link:

https://brainly.com/question/14411049

#SPJ2

Answer: Magnesium turns red litmus blue and sulphur turns blue litmus red.

Explanation:

When a metal reacts with oxygen present in air, it forms basic oxide which simply means when they react with water, they form basic solution.

The chemical equation for the burning of magnesium (metal) in air and reaction with water of the product so formed are as follows:

[tex]2Mg+O_2\rightarrow 2MgO[/tex]

[tex]MgO+H_2O\rightarrow Mg(OH)_2\text{ (base)}[/tex]

When a non- metal reacts with oxygen present in air, it forms acidic oxide which simply means when they react with water, they form acidic solution.

The chemical equation for the burning of sulphur (non-metal) in air and reaction with water of the product so formed are as follows:

[tex]S+O_2\rightarrow SO_2[/tex]

[tex]SO_2+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_3\text{ (acid)}[/tex]

There are 2 types of litmus:

Therefore, here, magnesium forms a basic solution, therefore it will turn red litmus blue whereas sulphur forms an acidic solution, so it will turn blue litmus red.

Given

80% 127I, 17% 126I, and 3% 128I.

Required

The average atomic mass

Solution

The elements in nature have several types of isotopes

Atomic mass is the average atomic mass of all its isotopes

Mass atom X = mass isotope 1 . % + mass isotope 2.% + ... mass isotope n.%

Atomic mass of Iodine = 0.8 x 127 + 0.17 x 126 + 0.03 x 128

Atomic mass of Iodine = 101.6 + 21.42 + 3.84

Atomic mass of Iodine = 126.86 amu

Answer:

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.I think there is takes up already synonym to occupies.

Answer: 2. with two symmetrical shells - mirror images of each other.

the term "crinoid" means: 6. phylum where starfish and sea urchins belong

4. lived inside their shells: 1. exoskeletons are made up of this material

7. multicellular organisms that often live in colonies:  8. individuality of coral is called

Explanation:

Crinoid is a term that can be used to describe the radial symmetry of animals that have oral (side of mouth) and aboral surfaces (opposite to the mouth). It is characterized by the mouth at the top surface and surrounded by the arms for feeding it. This is a characteristic feature of animals like star fish and sea urchins and echinoderm animals.

The exoskeleton is a protective shell which protect the animal from the external environment like water, sunlight and predation.

The multicellular organisms that live in the colonies they form coral reef and individually the are called the coral polyp.

Answer:

1533.6 kg NO

Explanation:

The reaction that takes place is:

First we convert the masses of ammonia (NH₃) and oxygen gas (O₂) into moles, using their respective molar masses:

77.5 kmol of O₂ would react completely with (77.5 kmol O₂ * [tex]\frac{4kmolNH_3}{5kmolO_2}[/tex]) 62 kmol of NH₃. There are not as many kmol of NH₃, so NH₃ is the limiting reactant.

Now we calculate how many kmol of NO are produced, using the limiting reactant moles:

Finally we convert kmol of NO to mass, using its molar mass:

It will take 15 s to travel 6 cm

Given

distance versus time graph

Required

time travel

Solution

Caterpillar motion is a straight motion with a constant speed, so that the graph between distance and time forms a diagonal line

If we look at the graph, we can determine the time taken when the distance reaches 6 cm (y axis) by drawing a line to the diagonal line and cutting the x-axis as time, and we get 15 s

Or we can also use the formula for motion at constant speed:

d = v x t

With v at point 2,5 of 2/5 m / s, so the time taken:

[tex]\tt t=\dfrac{d}{v}=\dfrac{6}{2/5}=15~s[/tex]

Answer:A

Explanation: yes

Explanation:   its c

becuase iknow

Answer:

here is the answer

Explanation:

The epididymis

Answer:

Vas deferens.

Explanation:

A long tube that is located near each testicle. The epididymis is the tube which moves the sperm from the testicles. Vas deferens. This is a tube in which the sperm is stored and it carries the sperm out of the scrotal sac.