fang, y., kolmakova-partensky, l., and miller, c. (2007) a bacterial arginine-agmatine exchange transporter involved in extreme acid resistance. j. biol. chem. 282, 176−182.
By decarboxylating arginine, Escherichia coli's severe acid resistance response is arginine-dependent.
A proton is actually exported with each turnover of the membrane antiporter AdiC, which catalyzes the decarboxylation product agmatine's efflux together with arginine influx.
Extreme acid resistance is facilitated by a bacterial arginine-agmatine exchange transporter.We produced and purified the transport protein using the adiC coding sequence under the control of a tetracycline promoter in an E. coli vector, with a yield of roughly 10 mg/liter bacterial culture. In detergent micelles and lipid membranes, the protein is a homodimer, according to tests using the cross-linking of glutaraldehyde. In liposome form, purified AdiC exchanges arginine and agmatine in a closely linked, electrogenic manner. The dissociation constant for Arg, as calculated by isothermal titration calorimetry, is in the same range as the K(m) value obtained through kinetic analysis, which is around 80 microm.learn more about extreme acid resistance here
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which step in the scientific method do you graph results classified information and make calculation?
According to the research, the correct option is Data analysis. It is the step in the scientific method where you graph results classified information and make calculation.
What is scientific method?It is the series of steps that must be followed to obtain valid knowledge from a scientific point of view, using reliable instruments for this.
Among the necessary steps that make up the scientific method are:
ObservationFormulate a hypothesisExperimentationData analysisPresentation of the scientific theoryIn this sense, Data analysis is the stage that uses graphs for the representation of data, generally numerical and make calculation, with a relationship between them, which facilitates the interpretation of the results.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the correct option is Data analysis. It is the step in the scientific method where you graph results classified information and make calculation.
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you have 10 pounds of aquafaba. you need 6 oz to make one serving of consomme. how many servings can you make?
Answer:
9 servings
Explanation:
First, let's convert 6 oz to pounds so that the units are the same. There are 16 oz in 1 pound, so 16*6 oz = 96 pounds. There are 9 units of 10 in 96, so our answer is 9.
genomics of ovarian cancer progression reveals diverse metastatic trajectories including intraepithelial metastasis to the fallopian tube
Ovarian cancer is a growth of cells that forms in the ovaries.
The body of evidence is mounting in favor of the fallopian tube being the source of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) rather than the ovary . We carried out whole-exome sequencing on samples from eight HGSOC patient progression series that included serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STIC), invasive fallopian tube lesions, invasive ovarian lesions, and omental metastases in order to comprehend the relationship between putative precursor lesions and metastatic tumors. Incorporating copy number variation and somatic mutations led to the discovery of patient-specific patterns with like mutational signatures and copy number variation profiles at all anatomic regions, which may indicate that genomic instability is a precursor to HGSOC.Learn more about the ovarian cancer with the help of the given link:
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people of india confound traditional racial categories because they fit most closely in terms of biological characteristics with people from europe, yet many have dark skin.
A race is a classification of people into groups that are typically considered unique within a given society based on shared physical or social characteristics.
Native Alaskans or American Indians- a person with ancestry from one of the indigenous inhabitants of North or South America (including Central America), who still maintain ties to their tribe or community.Asian- Any individual with ancestry in one of the indigenous populations of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent, such as those from Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, or Vietnam.African American or Black - a person with African black racial ancestry from any of the black racial groups. Along with "Black or African American," other terms like "Haitian" or "Negro" can also be used.Latino or Hispanic - regardless of race, a person with Spanish heritage, including those from Cuba, Mexico, Puerto Rico, South or Central America, or elsewhere. Along with "Hispanic or Latino," the adjective "Spanish origin" is also acceptable.Hawaiian or a native of another Pacific Island- one who is descended from one of the indigenous populations of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands.White- an individual with ancestry from one of the indigenous populations of Europe, the Middle East, or North AfricaLearn more about the race here:
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What makes up muscle tissur
Muscle tissue is formed during embryonic development, in a process known as myogenesis. Muscle tissue contains special contractile proteins called actin and myosin which contract and relax to cause movement. Among many other muscle proteins present are two regulatory proteins, troponin and tropomyosin.
What cells makes up muscle tissue?Muscle tissue cells are muscle fibers (or myocytes), which have a special ability: they contract (shorten) or lengthen, according to the body's needs. In addition, they cluster in bundles.
Muscle tissue is a type of animal tissue that has as its most striking feature its ability to contract. This tissue is essential for the functioning of our body, being responsible for ensuring, for example, our movements and the heartbeat.
With this information, we can conclude that Muscle Tissue Is specialized for contraction and produces all body movement
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8. organisms are closed systems that require an input of energy in order to maintain their high level of complexity and organization.
organisms are closed systems that require an input of energy in order to maintain their high level of complexity and organization.
False
What are organisms?
A single person or being is referred to as an organism. Despite having numerous independent pieces, the organism cannot exist without the parts since the parts are dependent on the organism to function.
Simple organisms only have an information molecule that explains how to gather energy and reproduce the information molecule. Other, more intricate multicellular organisms go through elaborate mating rituals to combine two haploid cells into a new organism.
Because there is such a wide variety of life on Earth, there are constantly fresh definitions of what constitutes an organism being proposed.
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dansyl (5-dimethylaminoaphthalene-1-sulfonyl) is a synthetic molecule that binds to receptors on certain b cells but does not stimulate them to produce dansyl-specific antibodies unless it is first conjugated to a larger, immunogenic molecule such as bovine serum albumin. these findings indicate that dansyl is a(n):
The findings that dansyl binds to receptors on certain B cells but does not stimulate them to indicate that this drug (dansyl) is a hapten.
What are hapten drugs?Hapten drugs can be defined as small molecular compounds that combine with proteins to trigger the concomitant production of antibodies and thus produce an immune response.
In conclusion, the findings that dansyl binds to receptors on certain B cells but does not stimulate them to indicate that this drug (dansyl) is a hapten.
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Please Help due soon.
the maximum size of a cell is limited by . view available hint(s)for part a the maximum size of a cell is limited by . its need for enough surface area to make exchanges with its environment the number of organelles that can be packed inside the materials needed to build it the amount of flexibility it needs to be able to move
The organism's cells are constrained by their varying shapes and sizes. Due to the need for surface area to exchange gases, the size distribution of the cell has been limited. Thus, option a is correct.
What is a cell?The smallest unit of an organization that is essential for life is known as a cell. The different cells' varying sizes and shapes enable them to carry out various functions and activities.
The size distribution of the cell has been influenced by the cell's requirement for a cell surface area and volume in order for the exchange of gases to actually happen.
Therefore, option a. the cell size is influenced by surface area and gas exchange.
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select the most accurate statement about the interaction between a tree and its physical environment. select the most accurate statement about the interaction between a tree and its physical environment. a tree is affected by its physical environment. a tree and its physical environment alter each other. a tree alters its physical environment.
The most accurate statement about the interaction between a tree and its environment is a tree and its physical environment alter each other.
Physical and biological components are intricately woven into a tree's overall environment. The physical environment include those factors that are related to soil and climate they include radiation, precipitation and air's composition, as well as the surface's texture, the soil's composition, depth, and moisture holding capacity, topographic location, nutrient content, and drainage. These factors effect the growth and metabolic processes of the trees and in turn the trees alter the physical environment as they grow, they take in carbon dioxide, and the carbon they store in them which slows the rate of global warming. As they lose moisture and reflect heat upward from their leaves, they lower wind speeds and cool the air.
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the external muscle layer of the pharynx consists of three muscles composed of voluntary skeletal muscle.
The pharyngeal external wall is made up of four muscles: the superior pharyngeal constrictor, the middle pharyngeal constrictor, the inferior pharyngeal constrictor, and the stylopharyngeus. The three paired inner pharynx muscles work together to elevate the larynx, shorten the pharynx, and act during swallowing and speaking.
The stylopharyngeus, palatopharyngeus, and salpingopharyngeus are the names of these muscles. The pharyngeal muscles, which consist of an outer circular layer and an interior longitudinal layer, form the lumen of the pharynx. The superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles make up the outer circular layer. The pharynx connects the nasal passages to the oesophagus and larynx.
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Why would CH not form as a result of carbon’s interactions with other elements?
CH would not be formed as a result of carbon’s interactions with other elements and this is due to carbon's 4 valence electrons. Carbon would need four more electrons to fill its outer shell.
Why does carbon need four electrons?
Carbon has 6 atomic numbers and an electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p2. Found in all living organisms and organic compounds, carbon atom can form covalent bonds to as many as four other atoms and for carbon to achieve stability, it must find four more electrons to fill its second shell.
In summary, carbon would form covalent bonds with other elements in such a way that electrons would fill its outer shell, making a total of eight electrons in its outer shell thereby satisfying the octet rule.
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Carbon’s ability to form bonds with four other atoms goes back to its number and configuration of electrons. Carbon has an atomic number of six (meaning six protons, and six electrons as well in a neutral atom), so the first two electrons fill the inner shell and the remaining four are left in the second shell, which is the valence (outermost) shell. To achieve stability, carbon must find four more electrons to fill its outer shell, giving a total of eight and satisfying the octet rule
valence (outermost) shell. To achieve stability, carbon must find four more electrons to fill its outer shell, giving a total of eight and satisfying the octet rule
. In a pyramid of numbers, the highest organism has the smallest number of
individuals in a community. What might happen if this organism increased its
numbers significantly? Explain the effect this increase would have on the other
members of the community.
Answer: at each trophic level of organisms It is an upright pyramid because producers are always more numerous in an ecosystem than other trophic levels. Charles Elton proposed the number pyramid in 1927. Charles emphasized the significant difference in the number of organisms involved in each level.
Explanation: Numbers pyramid Definition One of the three diagrammatic representations used in ecology to depict the ecosystem is a pyramid of numbers. This diagram depicts the total number of organisms at each level of the food chain.
Pyramid of Numbers Overview
Significant Ecological Pyramids:
Pyramid of Numbers Varieties:
The Ecological Pyramids' Importance:
Which membrane bound organelle contains chromosomes and pores for genetic material to pass
through?
awad k, young s, aswath p, varanasi v: interfacial adhesion and surface bioactivity of anodized titanium modified with sion and sionp surface coatings. surf interfaces, 28:101645, 2022.
Interfacial adhesion and surface bioactivity of anodized titanium modified with SiON and SiONP surface coatings, The statement is correct.
what is adhesion ?Adhesion is a type of attraction between two dissimilar phases, the theory of adhesion can be up two types mechanical interlocking and physical and chemical bonding and it is a combination of three methods.
Mechanical interlocking means when two dissimilar phases interact with one another by mechanical forces, requires a rough surface where the other material can enter.
Physical bonding includes van der Waals forces and the strength is rather weak and unable to contribute that much bonding strength.
Chemical bonding consist of covalent, ionic and metallic bonding which are more stronger than physical bonds and are responsible for cohesive forces.
chemical bonding between two dissimilar materials is more complicated due to the presence of few available bonding sites.
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what are the two types of dental caries described by location? group of answer choices attrition and erosion panoramic and extraoral pit and fissure, and smooth surface translucent and opaque
The two types of dental caries described by location is pit and fissure, and is therefore denoted as option C.
What is Dental caries?This is a medical condition which is also referred to as tooth decay or cavities and occurs when certain bacteria in the mouth converts sugar into acid and then it demineralizes and erodes the enamel thereby resulting in holes being formed in the area.
The enamel is the structure found in the teeth that serves as insulator which protects other delicate tissues from chemical and physical forces for its optimal functioning.
There are however two types of dental caries described by location and they are pit and fissure. These condition can be treated using the application of fluorides and also antibacterials to the affected area for best possible result.
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inhibition of post-synaptic kv7/kcnq/m channels facilitates long-term potentiation in the hippocampus
The development of synaptic plasticity and improved cognitive performance are facilitated by the activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR). M(1) mAChR on CA1 pyramidal cells in the hippocampus inhibits both voltage-activated Kv7 potassium channels and small conductance Ca(2+)-activated KCa2 potassium channels.
What is Synapse ?The places of contact between neurons known as synapses are where information is transferred from one neuron to the next. Presynaptic neuron, synaptic cleft, and postsynaptic neuron are the three components of synapses, which most frequently occur between axons and dendrites.
I = communicating axosomatic synapses, II = communicating axodendritic synapses, and III = communicating axoaxonic synapses are the three types we identified. They could be referred to as "complex communicating synapses" when three neurons get involved in the synaptic interaction.Learn more about Synapse here:
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starch and cellulose are both polymers of glucose, but humans can digest starch and not cellulose. why do the properties of starch and cellulose differ, since they are both polymers of glucose?
Explanation:
starch and cellulose are both homopolymers of glucose,meaning they are only made of repeating unitsof glucose molecules.however thei structure is different based on how the glucose molecules are connected. starch is made of two types glucose polymers :amylose and amylopectin
Diffusion is one of the processes whereby materials are exchanged between a cell and its environment. True or false?.
Answer:
True or False:Diffusion is one of the processes whereby materials are exchanged between a cell and its environment. true.
what evolutionary mechanism has led to widespread antibiotic resistance among many species of bacteria? quizlet
The correct answer is Gene flow. Due to this evolutionary process, bacteria developed antibiotic resistance.
Four processes contribute towards the evolutionary changes in any species. These changes include: natural selectionmutationgenetic drift gene flowThrough natural selection, only the fittest individuals of a species survive when they are faced with adverse conditions. Mutation causes an alteration in the genetic material which might lead to changes in the morphological features or a the species over time. It could be an adaptation to survive as well.Genetic drift is the arbitrary change in the frequency of a gene variant in a population. Gene variations may fully vanish due to genetic drift, which would limit genetic variation.Gene flow occurs because of migration and this affects the gene pool frequencies of the existing population.Bacteria acquire antibiotic resistance through gene flow and they survive and reproduce further.Gene flow is hence the evolutionary process that caused widespread antibiotic resistance in a wide variety of bacterial species.
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Summarize the process a scientist goes through to come up with a satisfactory solution.
Answer
How is constructing a perpendicular bisector similar to constructing an angle bisector? how is it different?.
An angle bisector is a line segment that splits an angle into two equal halves while a perpendicular bisector is a line segment that divides the other line segment that is opposite to it perpendicularly.
Angle bisector and perpendicular bisector are similar as the angle is split in two by both.Perpendicular and angle bisectors differ in the way that an angle bisector is not required to make a perpendicular angle with the opposite side, but a perpendicular bisector must.The perpendicular bisector makes a right angle from a horizontal line, in contrast to the angle bisector, which divides an angle in half. They both "divide" the object in two.A line known as a bisector divides an object into two equally sized portions. A line that cuts through an angle to produce two identical angles is known as an angle bisector.For instance, if we establish an angle bisector with a 90-degree angle, the line that passes across the angle will produce two new 45-degree angles.Learn more about perpendicular bisector here:
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dedifferentiation-associated inflammatory factors of long-term expanded human hepatocytes exacerbate their elimination by macrophages during liver engraftment + pdf
Long-term cultured ProliHH (lc-ProliHH) was discovered to up-regulate a panel of innate immunity-related chemokines and cytokines, which were known as dedifferentiation-associated inflammatory factors, along with dedifferentiation (DAIF). Due to strong macrophage responses induced by DAIF, lc-ProliHH was particularly eliminated during engraftment.
What is Liver engraftment ?Whether or not the transplanted cells multiply to replace a sizable amount of the liver mass, engraftment is the initial assimilation of the transplanted cells into the liver tissue.
Engraftment often takes place within the first 30 days following your transplant, while it occasionally may take longer. Engraftment indicates that your new cells are functioning appropriately and that your immune system is beginning to recover. The first step in your rehabilitation is engraftment.Learn more about Liver engraftment here:
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What causes the changes in protein structure through the three or four levels of structure?.
The primary structure undergoes alternative splicing to form a secondary structure, and then disulfide bonds give way to tertiary structure.
Proteins are made up of a chain of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. Proteins generally comprise four levels of structure: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure.
1. Primary structure
The structure comprises a single polypeptide chain in which amino acids are sequenced in an order. Example- Insulin.
2. Secondary structure
The atoms of the backbone of a polypeptide chain interact with the other atoms and form a folded structure, referred to as secondary structure. Example- alpha- pleated and beta-pleated sheet.
3. Tertiary structure
The polypeptide chains here form a 3-D structure. It is a result of the interactions between the R-groups of the protein. Disulphide bonds connected the chains in this structure.
4. Quaternary structure
This is a rare structure found in some proteins that include multi polypeptide chains. Example- DNA polymerase.
Alternative splicing, with the action of mRNA, translates the protein functions by changing its structure. Furthermore, secondary structure formed by mRNA is converted to tertiary structure by introducing disulphide bonds.
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The prevalence of genetically predisposed traits that have a reproductive advantage is best explained in terms of.
The prevalence of genetically predisposed traits that have a reproductive advantage is best explained in terms of natural selection.
In the field of ecology, natural selection can be described as the method by which those organisms that have the fittest genes to survive in an environment are able to survive and pass on their characteristics to their offspring.
These genetically predisposed traits that make an organism better at survival in an environment have a reproductive advantage over organisms that do not have such phenotypes.
The organisms of a species with a better genotype are naturally selected by the environment to survive and pass on their characteristics. Natural selection leads to evolution when the same traits are passed on through generations.
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item at position 22 identify and label the following attacks by dragging the term on the left to the definition on the right. not all terms are used.
Masquerading
1) An attacker deceives staff into granting access to sensitive data or protected systems by posing as someone who needs or is authorized to have that access.
Whaling
2) A hacker impersonating a reputable company sends emails to high-profile employees requesting them to confirm personal information or send money.
Vishing
3) Attackers pose as representatives of reputable companies using Voice over IP (VoIP), asking victims to confirm personal information or send money.
Spear phishing
4) Attackers invite victims to confirm personal information or send money in emails that contain specific information about the victim (such as the online banks they use)
Scarcity
5) Attackers try to persuade the victim that they will lose out on something—a thing, an opportunity, or an experience—if they don't act immediately.
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1) What did you notice about the letter e when you increased in magnification from the 4x to the 10x and then to the 40x:
a) Did the size (magnification) increase or decrease?
b) Could you see more of the entire letter or less?
(Subject science)
Answer:i can help but ur question is missing something give me the complete question and i will answer!!
Explanation:
racial and ethnic discrepancy in pulse oximetry and delayed identification of treatment eligibility among patients with covid-19
The racial and ethnic discrepancy in pulse oximetry and behind-schedule identification of remedy eligibility amongst sufferers with covid.
Pulse oximetry courses ethnic discrepancy and therapy selections for covid-19. whether or not mentioned racial inaccuracies in oxygen saturation measured through pulse oximetry are found in patients with and associated with treatment choices is unknown.
Ethnic discrepancy Disclosures Robinson pronounced offers from the Fisher Center Discovery program, Sherrilyn and Ken Fisher middle for Environmental Infectious illnesses, and Johns Hopkins University in the course of the conduct of the have a look at as well as grants from rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics of the national Institutes of fitness.
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You are working on a project to study Darwinian Evolution , and you are trying to identify the conditions for your experiment that would help you illustrate the arguments of Darwin's Theory of Evolution (Descent with Modification and Evolution by Natural Selection )All of the following conditions would help you with this project EXCEPT
A Having an easily controlled environment that you can introduce certain selective pressures that mimic natural conditions in the wild.
B) A model organism that is haploid , or only has one set of chromosomes , which makes it easier to see the effect of changes in the genotype (or genetics ) on changes in the phenotype (or physical and biochemical characteristics ) of the organism
C) A CRISPR - Cas9 based genetic system that allows you to introduce specific mutations into the germ line genome (gametic genome ) of your model organism .
D) Using a bacterial species that is known to swap pieces of DNA between individuals , allowing for the spread of certain characteristics throughout the population without having to reproduce and pass these traits on to offspring .
All of the following conditions would help you with this project EXCEPT the one that uses a bacterial species that is known to exchange pieces of DNA between individuals, as this genetic transmission would impair the visualization of phenotypic adaptations in the environment.
D) Using a bacterial species that is known to exchange pieces of DNA between individuals, allowing certain traits to spread throughout the population without having to reproduce and pass those traits on to offspring.What is meant by Darwinian evolution?Darwin defined evolution as "descent with modification," the idea that species change over time, give rise to new species, and share a common ancestor. The mechanism that Darwin proposed for evolution is natural selection.
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