In the skeletal structure for an organic compound, it is assumed that there is a atom at the end of any two lines and at the junction of any two lines is Carbon atom. This type of strucutre omits all atoms is Hydrogen atom except those directly bonded to a hetero atom.
The skeletal structure or line formula or shorthand formula for organic compound is a type of molecular structural formula in which line represents the position of carbon and hydrogen atom. the position of carbon atoms in skeletal are indicated by the ends and intersection of lines and hydrogen atom inferred from the no. of bonds shown to each other.( carbon atom must have four bond ).
The atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are called as hetero-atoms. In skeletal structure we can omit all the atoms of hydrogen except those directly bonded to a hetro atom.
Thus,In the skeletal structure for an organic compound, it is assumed that there is a atom at the end of any two lines and at the junction of any two lines is Carbon atom. This type of strucutre omits all atoms is Hydrogen atom except those directly bonded to a hetero atom.
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Sodium phosphate reacts with sulfuric acid to form sodium sulfate and phosphoric acid. What is the stoichiometric coefficient for sulfuric acid when the chemical equation is balanced using the lowest whole-number stoichiometric coefficients?.
When sodium phosphate reacts with sulfuric acid, forming sodium sulfate and phosphoric acid, the stoichiometric coefficient for sulfuric acid in the balanced chemical equation is 3.
In every balanced chemical equation, the total number of individual atoms on the reactant side must be equal to the total number of individual atoms on the product side. The stoichiometric coefficient is the number written in front of each reactants and products that tells how many moles of each are needed in the reaction.
The chemical equation for the given reaction is:
[tex]Na_{3} PO_{4}[/tex] + [tex]H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] = [tex]Na_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] + [tex]H_{3} PO_{4}[/tex]
Put the necessary stoichiometric coefficient to balance each element.
Balancing Na:
[tex]2Na_{3} PO_{4}[/tex] + [tex]H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] = [tex]3Na_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] + [tex]H_{3} PO_{4}[/tex]
Balancing P:
[tex]2Na_{3} PO_{4}[/tex] + [tex]H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] = [tex]3Na_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] + [tex]2H_{3} PO_{4}[/tex]
Balancing S:
[tex]2Na_{3} PO_{4}[/tex] + [tex]3H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] = [tex]3Na_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] + [tex]2H_{3} PO_{4}[/tex]
Notice that H and O are already balanced.
Hence, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
[tex]2Na_{3} PO_{4}[/tex] + [tex]3H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] = [tex]3Na_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] + [tex]2H_{3} PO_{4}[/tex]
where 3 is the stoichiometric coefficient of sulfuric acid, [tex]H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex].
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1. A candle reproduces.
a. True
b. False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
It may not produce other candles but it does produce a flame as a product
If you were to do a 50% serial dilution, starting with a 10% concentration, how many dilutions would you have to make before getting to 2. 5% as your final concentration?.
Dilution Factor : It indicate what quantity of volume is there in your solution in comparison to the original solution. It is also known by the name of dilution ratio. The answer would be the 2% of the solution needed before having the final concentrations of the solution to the 50% of serial dilution with the initial concentration.
Now,
Here , 50 % serial dilution,
Initial concentration = 10 %
Final concentrations =2.5 %
v1*c1 = v2*c2
v2 = v1*c1/ c2
Starting concentration of solution = 10%
Final concentration of solution = 50 %
If we have to make 50% serial dilution to reach the final concentration of 2.5 % then first serial dilution will give 5% concentration and second dilution will give 2.5% concentration. Thus required times of serial dilution is 2%
In conclusion 2% dilution we have to make before having final concentration.
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A radioactive substance has a half-life period of 30 days. calculate the time required for three- fourths of the original number of atoms to disintegrate.
a. 60 days
b. 12 days
c.90 days
d. 30 days
A radioactive substances has half- life period of 30 days. the time required for 3/4th of the original number of atoms to disintegrate is 60 days.
Half life of radioactive substances T = 30 days
Time required for 3/4th t = ?
no. of atoms disintegrated = ( 3 / 4 ) N0
no. of atoms left after time t,
N = N0 -( 3/4) N0
= ( 1/4 ) N0
no. of half lives in time t ,
n = t / T
= t / 30
no. of nuclei after n half life is ,
N = N0× [tex](1/2)^{n}[/tex]
now, comparing both the equations,
[tex]N_{O}[/tex] / 4 = [tex]N_{O}[/tex] ( 1/2 )[tex]^{t/30}[/tex] = ( 2 )[tex]^{t/30}[/tex]
therefore,
[tex](2)^{2} = (2)^{t/30}[/tex]
now,
t/30 = 2
t = 60 days.
Thus, A radioactive substances has half- life period of 30 days. the time required for 3/4th of the original number of atoms to disintegrate is 60 days.
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If you add a chunk of zinc to a beaker of acid and zinc shavings to another beaker of acid, the sample with the zinc shavings will react faster. What property causes the increase in rate?.
Answer: surface area
Explanation:
The smaller the surface area the faster the rate of reaction. The zinc shavings have a smaller surface area of reactants compared to the large piece of zinc. The smaller surfaces area of reactants ensures that it comes into close proximity with the acid solution for reaction to take place.
help asap!! will give brainlist!!! 25 Points!!
The solution can still take an additional 30 grams of KCl before the solution becomes saturated.
What is solubility?The term solubility refers to the fact that a substance is able to dissolve in water. In fact we define the solubility of a substance as the amount of a substance that is able to dissolve in a given amount of a solvent.
Thus the solution is made when the solute is dissolved in a solvent. The solubility curve shows the impact of temperature on the solubility of a substance. For some substances, the solubility may even be increased as temperature increases and for some substances, the solubility is decreased as the temperature increases.
If we study the solubility curves, we can see that the solubility of KCl at 80 degrees Celsius is 50g/100gH2O. This implies that if we dissolve about 20 grams of the solid KCl in 100g of water at 80 degrees, the solution can still take an additional 30 grams of KCl before the solution becomes saturated.
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a liquid solvent is added to a flask containing an insoluble solid. the total volume of the solid and liquid together is 80.0 ml. the liquid solvent has a mass of 33.4 g and a density of 0.865 g/ml. determine the mass of the solid given its density is 2.25 g/ml.
A liquid solvent is added to a flask containing an insoluble solid, the total volume of the solid and liquid together is 80.0 ml and the mass of the solid is determined as 79.35g
What is density?Density, in simple terms is defined as the substance's mass per unit of volume. The symbol that is most commonly used in case of density is [tex]\rho[/tex] but is also commonly stated as D.
Its formula is Density = Mass/ Volume
Vol of liquid = mass/Density
= 33.4 g x 1 ml/0.865 g = 44.73 ml of liquid
Vol of solid = 80.0 ml - 44.73ml of liquid
=35.27 ml of liquid
Thus, the mass of solid = vol of solid x 2.25 g/ml
= 35.27 x 2.25
=79.35 g
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Cholesterol ester is formed through the esterification of the alcohol cholesterol with what substance? a. protein b. triglyceride c. fatty acids d. digitonin
Cholesterol ester is formed through the esterification of the alcohol cholesterol with fatty acids. The correct option is c.
What is esterification?Cholesteryl esters are sterol lipids that belong to the group of cholesterol lipids. Their structure is made up of cholesterol, which forms an ester bond between the hydroxyl group of the steroid structure and a fatty acid.
When a carboxylic acid interacts with an alcohol, esterification appears to occur. Only in the appearance of an acid catalyst and heat can this reaction take place.
Esterification is the process of combining an organic acid and an alcohol to produce an ester and water, or a chemical reaction that produces at least one ester product.
Thus, the correct option is c.
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Which statement best describes a scatterplot?
A. it shows data as a percentage of a whole
B. it shows data points connected by a single line
C. it shows quantitative data that relate two variables
D. it shows qualitative data grouped by similarities
The statement that best describes a scatterplot is as follows: it shows quantitative data that relate two variables (option C).
What is a scatterplot?A scatter plot is a type of plot or mathematical diagram using Cartesian coordinates to display values for typically two variables for a set of data.
The scatter plot graph is plotted on a cartesian plane made up of two axis namely X-axis and Y-axis.
The X-axis is axis on a graph that is usually drawn left to right and usually shows the range of values of an independent variable.
On the other hand, the y-axis is the axis on a graph that is usually drawn from bottom to top and usually shows the range of values of variable dependent on one other variable.
Therefore, it can be said that the scatter plot shows quantitative data that relate two variables.
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Arena is investigating a separation technique using the following apparatus. salt solution and/or sugar solution. a) 2 beakers b) tripod stand and wire gauze c) glass rod i) name the separation technique she may be possibly investigating. ii)do you think she has missed out a very important apparatus? if yes, identify and state the importance of the apparatus.
Arena might be investigating a separation technique known as evaporation, but she is missing a burner to perform it properly.
i) Evaporation is a separation technique that can be used to separate a substance dissolved in a liquid. It is usually applicable when the solvent doesn't have a too high boiling point and the solute is not prone to degradation at increased temperature.
ii) However, as the method requires heating the solution in order to accelerate the evaporation of the solvent, and while the tripod stand and wire gauze are used to mount the beaker with the solvent, they are useless without a burner that is used to introduce heat.
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Abbott's dad is experiencing heartburn, so he takes an antacid tablet to relieve his pain. He breaks up the tablet into smaller pieces before he adds it to a glass of water. Why does he do this?
Answer:
The first option is correct
Explanation:
A 10. g cube of copper at a temperature T1 is placed in an insulated cup containing 10. g of water at a temperature T2 . If T1 > T2, which of the following is true of the system when it has attained thermal equilibrium? (The specific heat of copper is 0.385 J/(g·°C) and the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/(g·°C).)
A) The temperature of the copper changed more than the temperature of the water.
B) The temperature of the water changed more than the temperature of the copper.
C) The temperature of the water and the copper changed by the same amount.
D)The relative temperature changes of the copper and the water cannot be determined without knowing T1 and T2 .
The temperature of the copper changed more than the temperature of the water when it attend thermal equilibrium. Thus option A is correct.
What are thermal equilibrium?Thermal equilibrium is defined as the condition under which two substance are in physical contact with each other but there is no exchange of heat energy between both of them.
As we are only considering the isolated system so the heat of the system must be constant this implies that the loss of heat of cube is equal to the gain of heat of water. Thus it started flow from hot body to cold body until it reach thermal equilibrium.
Thus, the temperature of the copper changed more than the temperature of the water when it attend thermal equilibrium. Thus option A is correct.
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A dietary supplement contains 5.00 x 10^3 iu per capsule. if the bottle recommends 2.00 capsules per day, how many iu per week are recommended?
7.00 x 10^4 IU/wk IU per week are recommended.
5000 IU/capsules x (2.00 capsules/1 day) x (7 days/1 week)
= 7.00 x 10^4 IU/wk.
What does IU in supplements mean?international scales
You may have noticed that the units of measurement on the labels of over-the-counter (OTC) fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and E) have shifted from international units (IU) to metric units of measurement—micrograms (mcg) or milligrams (mg).The IU is an International Unit that is commonly used to measure fat-soluble vitamins such as Vitamins A, D, and E. Depending on the nutrient, the conversion of IU to mg varies. One milligrams of beta carotene is equivalent to 1667IU of Vitamin A activity. 15mg beta carotene equals 25,000IU vitamin A activity.1,000 IU does not equal 1,000 mg. As of now, no vitamin or mineral has a conversion factor of one. As a result, there is no way for these two values to equal one another.IU stands for International Unit and is a unit of measurement used in pharmacy and vitamin measurement. The precise definition of an IU varies depending on the substance, but in the case of this product, Vitamin E 1 IU is the biological equivalent of approximately 0.667mg.To learn more about IU in supplements refer to
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When a substance reacts chemically to create a new substance, will that new substance have the same physical and chemical properties as the initial substance? Explain your answer.
When a substance reacts chemically to form a new substance, that new substance will have different physical and chemical properties from the starting substance.
When a chemical change occurs, atoms in substances are recombined to form a new substance. This recombination of atoms creates new substances.
The new substances have a different composition than the composition of the first one.
Since the chemical and physical properties of a substance depend on how atoms are combined in a substance when this combination of atoms changes, the physical and chemical properties of the new substance also vary from those of the starting substance.
Therefore, when a substance reacts chemically to create a new substance, that new substance will have different physical and chemical properties from that of the initial one.
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Which are radioactive isotopes of oxygen?
(hint: add protons until the name changes to oxygen. then, add neutrons until the
isotope is radioactive.)
select one:
a.0-17 and 0-18
b. 0-13 and 0-19
c.0-14 and 0-16
d.o -16 and 0-19
O-13 and O-14 are the radioactive isotopes of oxygen among the given options.
Isotopes are the variations of differences in the atoms which are classified as belonging to the same element. An element is determined by the proton numbers in nucleus, therefore all isotopes of same element will have same protons number and different neutrons number.
Radioactive isotopes are also called as radioisotope. These are the forms of elements which are unstable and emits the radiations so that they can be transformed into a form which is more stable.
O-15 or Oxygen-15 is also a radioisotope which is used in the positron emission tomography (PET). Oxygen has several radioactive isotopes, each used for different purpose in different fields. O-14 is radiogenic, it is produced by the decay of the other atoms. O-14 is also a positron emitter
O-13 and O-14 undergoes the electron capture for their nuclear decays and they have short half lives of about 100 seconds.
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What volume would the 1.75 moles of CO₂ occupy at STP?
Answer:
39.2
Explanation:
1.75 moles × 22.4 liters = 39.2
Three students are given a 200g object to weigh on a balance and record the following masses: 150g, 151g, 150g. What can be said about the accuracy and precision of the balance?
The accuracy and precision of the balance are 50%, 51%, and 50%.
What is the percent error?Percent error is the calculation of the difference between the actual result and the estimated result.
Given that the following masses are calculated by three students are 150g, 151g, 150g
The weight of an object is 200g
The percent error will be
actual value - estimated value / estimated value x 100
1. 150 - 200 / 200 x 100 = 50
2. 151 - 200 / 200 x 100 = 51
3. 150 - 200 / 200 x 100 = 50
Thus, the accuracy and precision of the balance is 50%, 51%, and 50%.
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4. Consider the following six materials-water, mercury, mineral oil, cork stopper, rubber stopper, and a piece of lead. If
these materials were added to a graduated cylinder, in what order would they be found from top to bottom?
Answer:
Liquid B is expected to be at the top while liquid A is found at the bottom.
What is density?
The term density has to do with the ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume. Now given that the density of a substance actually shows how much heavy the substance is, it is not difficult to understand that a material that has a low density will flat at the top of a material that has a lower density.
Here we are told that the two liquids do not mix. If they do not mix then it follows that they must have formed a two phase system in which one is at the top of the other. The one that is at the top must have the lower density.
Thus, liquid B is expected to be at the top while liquid A is found at the bottom. From the density of the plastic cue, the cube will be at the top.
Explanation:
The order of the materials from the top to bottom in the cylinder would be Mineral oil, water, rubber stopper, lead, and mercury.
What is the density?The density of a substance can be measured as the mass per unit volume. The average density will be equal to the total mass of the object divided by its total volume.
The formula for the density of the substance can be expressed as follows:
Density = Mass/Volume
The S.I. unit of the density can be written as Kg/m³. The density of a substance is an intrinsic characteristic as it doesn't depend on its size. If the size increases, the mass of the object increases as well but the density of the object remains constant.
Given, the materials water, mercury, mineral oil, rubber stopper, and a piece of lead have a density of 1.0 g/ml, 0.83 g/ml, 13.5 g/ml, 1.51 g/ml, and 11.33 g/ml respectively.
Therefore, the substance with the least density will stay at the top of the cylinder and the material with the greatest density will at the bottom of the cylinder.
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How many valence electrons does the ground-state electron configuration of nitrogen have?.
Nitrogen has a total of five valence electrons in its ground state.
Nitrogen is a nonmetal and a gas that belongs to the periodic table's p-block elements. It is located in the second period and 15th group of the periodic table.
It has a mass number of 14 and an atomic number of 7. It has the following electrical configuration: 1s²2s²2p³.
Now, according to the following statement: The atomic number of an element is always equal to the number of electrons present in that element's atom. And the electrons in an atom's outermost valence shell are known as valence electrons.
Hence, the electronic configuration of the nitrogen atom reveals that the number of electrons present in the outermost shell, i.e., the second shell, is 5 electrons.
Thus, nitrogen has a total of five valence electrons in its ground state.
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A pycnometer is a glass apparatus used for accurately determining the density of a liquid. When dry and empty, a certain pycnometer had a mass of 27.144 g. When filled with distilled water at 25.0°C, it weighed 36.377 g. When filled with chloroform (a liquid once used as an anesthetic before its toxic properties were known), the apparatus weighed 40.821 g. At 25.0°C, the density of water is 0.99704 g/mL
(a) What is the volume of the pycnometer?
The volume of pycnometer is 20.409 ml.
How is the volume of pycnometer determined?Volume of pycnometer is determined by using the general formula of density which is,
density=mass/volume
Considering the data given, mass of pycnometer =27.144 g
According to the standards , density of pycnometer at 25°C=1.33g/cm³
Substituting the values in the formula,
volume=mass /density=27.144/1.33=20.409 cm³
Pycnometer is an instrument which is used to measure the relative density of liquids and solids.The density of liquids is determined by using relative density and for solids the density is determined by weighing them.
It is based on Boyle's law which helps in determination of pressure-volume relationship. There are 2 types of this instrument ,one that which works on a basis of gas expansion and the other one which works on the basis of variable volume.
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Products we sell to other countries are called imports? True or False
Answer:
false
Explanation:
The reaction proceeds via successively faster halogenations at the α-position until the 3 h have been replaced. Explain why the first halogenation is the slowest one.
The first halogenation is the slowest because the first radical intermediate is the highest in energy.
A molecule undergoes halogenation when a hydrogen atom is swapped out for a halogen atom. It should be clear from a review of the two steps that make up the free radical chain reaction for halogenation that the first step (hydrogen abstraction) is the product-determining step.
Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are together known as halogens. These elements are frequently handled as a unit because of their shared behavior. Therefore, replacing any number of hydrogen atoms with any or all of the group members is referred to as halogenation.
Once a carbon radical is formed, subsequent bonding to a halogen atom (in the second step) can only occur at the radical site.
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A teacher asks a student to write the chemical equation for photosynthesis. The student's response is shown below.
CO2+H2O→C6H12O6+O2
The equation is not balanced correctly. Which of these is a balanced equation for photosynthesis?
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Trust me bro :) I just know it
Consider the gases ar, h2, o2, and ne. Put them in order of their decreasing rate of effusion.
The order of decreasing rate of effusion of gases is as follows:
Hydrogen, Neon, Oxygen, and Argon.
According to Graham's law:
"The rate of effusion (r) is inversely proportional to the square root of the molecular mass (M) of the gas and is directly proportional to the speed of its movement."
So, [tex]r[/tex] ∝ [tex]\frac{1}{\sqrt{M} }[/tex]
This indicates that lighter gases will diffuse more quickly.
Now, the molecular mass of H₂= 2g
The molecular mass of O₂ =32g
The molecular mass of Ar = 39.94g
The molecular mass of Ne = 20.17g
Therefore, the rate of effusion is highest in Hydrogen and lowest in Argon.
Hence, the order of decreasing rate of effusion of gases is as follows:
Hydrogen, Neon, Oxygen, and Argon.
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highlight all the atoms of the four functional groups by clicking on them. when you click on each atom, it will change color. to deselect an atom, click on it again. do not highlight any bonds.
H-S
PO4
O-H
NH2
A functional group is a group of atoms bonded together in a specific way that can replace a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon. The molecule shown here contains four functional groups (−OH−OH, −SH−SH, −NH2−NH2, and −OPO2−3−OPO32−) attached to a carbon chain that is six carbon atoms long.
In chemistry, what are the four functional groups?Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and arenes are the four distinct hydrocarbon functional groups.A functional group is a collection of atoms or bonds that define the function of the hydrocarbon to which they are attached. Alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, halogens, and double and triple covalent bonds are some examples.A functional group is a group of atoms in a molecule that have distinct chemical properties independent of the molecule's other atoms. Covalent bonds connect the atoms in a functional group to each other and to the rest of the molecule. Phosphate: The addition and release of phosphate groups to and from ADP and ATP is how cells store and expend chemical energy.
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A nitrogen oxide contains 30. 45% n mass. If the molar mass of the compound is 90. ± 5 g/mol, what is its molecular formula?.
[tex]N_{2} O_{4}[/tex] is the molecular formula.
How do we calculate the Molecular formula?
Subtract the empirical formula molar mass from the molar mass of the compound. The result must be exactly one or very close to it. The whole number discovered in step 2 is multiplied by each subscript in the empirical formula. The end result is the molecular formula.The simplest whole-number ratio of the different atoms in a compound is an empirical formula. The number of various atom types that make up a compound molecule is specified by the molecular formula.We can obtain the whole-number multiple for the compound using the supplied molar mass or the mass of the molecular formula.
Multiplying the subscripts [tex]N O_{2}[/tex] by 2, the molecular formula is
2[tex]N O_{2}[/tex] = [tex]N_{2} O_{4}[/tex]
[tex]N_{2} O_{4}[/tex] is the molecular formula.
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A 0.0755 m solution of nano₃ needs to be prepared through dilution. a 0.500 m stock solution will be added to a 1.000 l volumetric flask and then water will be added to the 1.000 l mark. determine the volume (in ml) of this 0.500 m stock solution of nano₃ needed to produce this solution.
The volume of 0.500 m stock solution of NaNO3 needed to produce 1.000 l of 0.0755 m solution of NaNO3 through dilution is 151 ml.
Dilution is defined as the process of decreasing the concentration of solute in a solution by adding more solvent. The relationship between the initial and final concentration and volume of a solution is represented by the equation below.
C1V1 = C2V2
where C1 = concentration of stock solution
V1 = volume of stock solution needed for the dilution
C2 = desired concentration of solution
V2 = desired volume of solution
Given:
C1 = 0.500 m
C2 = 0.0755 m
V2 = 1.000 l = 1000 ml
Use the equation to solve for the volume of stock solution needed for the dilution.
C1V1 = C2V2
(0.500 m) V1 = 0.0755 m(1000 ml)
V1 = 151 ml
volume of stock solution needed for the dilution = 151 ml
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maryann and josh left a cup of ocean water in the sun. When they returned a day later only salt was left in the cup. Which best explains what happened to the ocean water and n the cup?
If Maryann and josh left a cup of ocean water in the sun, when they return a day later and observe only salt in the cup, it could mean that the water has evaporated.
What is evaporation?Evaporation is a type of vaporization that occurs on the surface of a liquid as it changes into the gas phase. Evaporation can also be defined as the process in which a liquid or solid is converted into vapour.
Factors affecting evaporation include the following;
The following factors affect the rate of evaporation of a liquid;
TemperatureWind speedSurface areaHumidityWhen a liquid is exposed to large surface area, the rate at which it evaporates will increase.
Thus, if Maryann and josh left a cup of ocean water in the sun, when they return a day later and observe only salt in the cup, it could mean that the water has evaporated.
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The titration of 25. 00 ml of 0. 2215 m hcl required 28. 84 ml of naoh for neutralization. What is the molarity of naoh?
The molarity of the NaOH solution is 0.192 M.
The reaction between HCl and NaOH looks like this:
[tex]HCl + NaOH[/tex]→[tex]NaCl + H_{2} O[/tex]
So NaOH and HCl react in a 1:1 ratio, which means that the amount of HCl is equal to the amount of NaOH. We can calculate the amount of HCl using its volume and molarity:
c = n/V, so n = c * V = 0.2215 M * 0.025 L = 0.0055375 mol of HCl and NaOH
So now we can calculate the molarity using the volume of NaOH:
c = n/V = 0.0055375 mol / 0.02884 L = 0.192 M
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what is a test variable in science
Answer:
A variable is anything that can change or be changed. In other words, it is any factor that can be manipulated, controlled for, or measured in an experiment.