This elementary problem begins to explore propagation delay and transmis- sion delay, two central concepts in data networking. Consider two hosts, A and B, connected by a single link of rate R bps. Suppose that the two hosts are separated by m meters, and suppose the propagation speed along the link is s meters/sec. Host A is to send a packet of size L bits to Host B

a. Express the propagation delay, dprops in terms of m and s

b. Determine the transmission time of the packet, drans, in terms of L and R.

c. Ignoring processing and queuing delays, obtain an expression for the end-

d. Suppose Host A begins to transmit the packet at time t = 0. At time t = dtrans'

e. Suppose drop is greater than dran . At time t = d, ans, where is the first bit of

f. Suppose dprop is less than dtrans. At time t = dtrans, where is the first bit of

g. Suppose s = 2.5-108, L = 120 bits, and R = 56 kbps. Find the distance m so that dprop equals drans

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

A. dprops = m /s seconds.

B. drans = L / R seconds.

C.  delay(end −to−end) =  (m /s + L / R) seconds.

D. The bit has just been sent to Host B or just left Host A.

E. The first bit is in the link and has not reached Host B.

F. The first bit has reached Host B.

G. m = 535.714 km.

Explanation:

The transmission time or delay of packets in a network medium is the packet size L, divided by the bit rate R (in seconds). The propagation time or delay is the ratio of the distance or length of the transmission cable, m, and the propagation speed of the cable, S (in seconds).

The end-to-end delay or the Packet delivery time is the total delay in transmission, which is the sum of the propagation delay and the transmission delay.

To get the distance where the propagation delay is equal to the transmission delay;

distance (m) = L /R  

= (120/56 ×10^3) 2.5 ×10^8   = 535.714 km


Related Questions

Suppose that one of the following control signals in the single-cycle MIPS processor has a stuck-at-0 fault, meaning that the signal is always O, regardless of its intended value. What instructions would malfunction? Why? (a) RegWrite (b) ALUOp1 (c) MemWrite Repeat for all three signals (a) to (c) above, assuming that the signal has a stuck-at-1 fault.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

RegWrite:

• All R-type instructions, lw and addi:

• The result of the operation/load/addition would not be written back to the destination register

• ALUOP

• The following R-type instructions: add, sub, and, or, slt

• With ALUOp stuck at 0, the ALU decoder would interpret all those instructions as either add or subtract operations. The ALUOp gets decoded to add or subtract depending on ALUOp[0].

• MemWrite:

• Only sw is affected.

• The memory write won’t take place.

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Frank types in many numbers to calculate baseball statistics. To enter these numbers, he should use the _____.

Answers

Answer:

Numeric keypad

Explanation:

The numeric keypad has mostly only numbers so it would be more convenient for him.

Hope this helps!

Answer:

Numeric keypad on the right side of the keyboard.

Explanation:

Ap*x

Which of the following describes the phishing method of information security crime?


physically interacting with the victim and using her computer when she is not looking

rifling through recycling bins to find account information

pretending to be someone else when asking for information

all of these

Answers

Answer:

pretending to be someone else when asking for information

What computer part it this? Explain to get brainliest. People that don't explain, won't get it, but will get a thanks + a 5 star rate.

Answers

Answer:

That is a motherboard, a circuit board containing the main components (CPU, RAM, etc) of a computer. It contains connectors in which other circuit boards can be slotted into.

Explanation:

A motherboard is a specialized circuit board (a thin board containing a electrical circuit) used for containing major components of a computer and allowing the parts to be used in conjunction with each other. This is why you'll find a motherboard in a large variety of computers, from phones, to PC's and laptops.

Answer: Motherboard.

Explanation: it's the backbone of a computer, it ties all the computers components together.

A program that will ring a bell six times is what kind of program?
A. Edited
B. Iterative
C. Selection
D. Sequence

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

because it is a sequence it does more than one thing

Answer:

B

Explanation:

I took the test

Why would a programmer use a flow chart? (Edge2020 Coding Critical Thinking Questions)

Answers

Answer:

As a visual representation of data flow, flowcharts are useful in writing a program or algorithm and explaining it to others or collaborating with them on it. You can use a flowchart to spell out the logic behind a program before ever starting to code the automated process.

Explanation:

Answer: I answered yo can give the other guy brainliest yw

Explanation:

How should you specify box sizes on a web page if you want the boxes to vary according to the font size of the text they contain? A.
in pixels
B.
in inches
C.
as percentages
D.
in em units

Answers

Answer:

It's D: in em units

Explanation:

Plato

When a called function completes its task, it normally:_________a. logs its results b. terminates program execution normally c. aborts program execution d. returns to the calling function

Answers

Answer:

sorry this is tought

Explanation:

no idea

What kind of skill is persuasion?


neutral skill

hard skill

soft skill

high skill

Answers

Answer:

soft skill

Explanation:

plssss help i will mark u as brainliest plssss ​

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

<p style="color: red">Random Name 1</p>

<p style="color: blue">Random Name 2</p>

<p style="color: yellow">Random Name 3</p>

<p style="color: green">Random Name 4</p>

<p style="color: gray">Random Name 5</p>

<ol>

   <li>Pen 1<li>

   <li>Pen 2<li>

   <li>Pen 3<li>

<ol>

<ul>

   <li>CPU<li>

   <li>Motherboard<li>

   <li>RAM<li>

   <li>GPU<li>

<ul>

I think is this you need, have a nice day ;)

What is the primary purpose of a slideshow presentation

Answers

Answer:

to help us to complete all of useless project given by school

Answer:

support the presenter's ideas

Explanation:

Write a function that takes in two parallel lists: a list of times (in increasing order), and a list of distance traveled by that point in time. The function should return a new list giving the average velocity between consecutive time measurements. The new list should have length one less than the original lists.

Answers

Below is the function that takes two parallel lists;

List of times in increasing order and that of distance travelled by that point in time.

I put into consideration the instructions given in the question.

ANSWER;

def find_velocity(time, distance):

velocities = []

for i in range(1, len(time)):

velocities.append((distance[i] - distance[i - 1]) / (time[i] - time[i - 1]))

return velocities

times are = [1, 3, 5, 7]

distances are = [25, 29, 35, 70]

print(find_velocity(times, distances))

Pleases Help ME An example of a _________________ impact is when a product is back ordered and the business contacts the customer via email to let them know of the new ship date.


A)Negative



B)Positive

Answers

Answer:

positive

Explanation:

it shows good customer service

A Computer Programmer who wants to be surrounded by a large number of like-minded coworkers should take a job with one of the nation’s largest

A)retail sellers of computers and related accessories.
B)in-store computer repair and service companies.
C)developers of computer operating systems.
D)makers of computer networking equipment.

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

This job will have the largest amount of 1. computer programmers, 2. like-minded coworkers, and 3. a large number of like-minded coworkers.

Please give Brainliest if accurate!

The Computer Programmer who wants to be surrounded by a large number of like-minded coworkers should take a job with developers of computer operating systems.

What is  the term like-minded?

The Definition of the term like-minded is known to be when two or more people like or have the same purpose, habit or thought.

Therefore we can say that The Computer Programmer who wants to be surrounded by a large number of like-minded coworkers should take a job with developers of computer operating systems.

Learn more about Programmer from

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Help I’ll mark you brainly!

Answers

1. shapes

2. Shapes are classified and have a certain look. Forms are mostly organic and don't have a specific form.

3. value and depth

4. yellow, blue, red

5. orange, green, purple

6. opposite each other

7. right next to each other

9. tint-lightness  shade - darkness

10. value

Have a great day!

~PumpkinSpice1

P.S.~ I take Digital arts so I know all the answers :) I just finished my color unit.

What are some areas in Computer Science that make use of multivariate statistical testing or MCM methods? Explain why they are used.

Answers

Explanation:

Computational modeling is one of the areas of Computer Science that uses mathematical systems to perform multivariate statistical tests to solve highly complex problems in multidisciplinary areas, such as medicine, engineering, science, etc.

An example of the use of multivariate statistical tests is social development research in social science, which uses multiple variables to find more hypotheses and greater coverage between variables.

Multivariate statistical tests have the benefit of making research more effective and providing a more systematic and real view of the study.

you are packing a mobile phone containing a lithium ion battery and you get a prompt on the screen to put a lithium ion label on the box. You have run out of such labels and have only lithium metal labels left. what should you do?

Answers

Answer:

Do not use such labels because they may be misleading and are unethical.

Explanation:

Note, there is a big difference in design between the two terms or labels. Lithium metal batteries are non-rechargeable batteries. In other words, they cannot be recharged after they run down. For example, most watches, calculators, or car keys are made of lithium metal batteries.

While Lithium-ion batteries (or Li-ion batteries) are rechargeable batteries , and they are commonly used by mobile phones, laptops, and other gadgets.

Therefore, with such differences in mind, it may be very misleading when someone in possession of the mobile phone sees the lithium metal labels; then thinks the battery is non-rechargeable.

There are different instructions that comes with labeling, lithium metal label  is quite different from Lithium-ion labels and as such one cannot use one for the order.

What one should you do is to never use the lithium metal labels in place of  Lithium-ion labels. It is better to go and get the required label. If not found, the mobile phone should not be packaged for transport.

One has to comply with the regulations regarding batteries and the packaging of lithium batteries.

Lithium Metal Batteries  are known as primary battery. That is, they are non-rechargeable. They are said to have lithium metal or lithium compounds in them.

They have high energy density than other lithium batteries.   They can be found in Watches , Calculators etc.

Lithium-ion batteries are known to be  secondary battery. That is, they are said to be rechargeable in nature. They can be found  in Mobile phones, Laptops etc.

When shipped, any packages that has lithium-ion batteries must be labeled with  UN3480  or UN3481.

When shipped, any packages that has lithium metal batteries must be labeled  with UN3090  or UN3091.

Learn more about Batteries from

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Consider sending a packet from a source host to a destination host over a fixed route. List the delay components in the end-to-end delay. Which of these delays are constant and which are variable? Draw a picture to illustrate your network and where each type of delay occurs.

Answers

List the delay components in the end-to-end delay:
Processing delay
Transmission delay
Propagation delay
Queuing delay.
The processing delay, transmission delay, and propagation delay are constant. Reason is that, time taken to transmit data bits.
The queuing delay is variable.Reason is that, Only single packet transfer in queue process and waiting time depends on packet size.

The delay components in the end-to-end delay are processing delay, Transmission delay, Propagation delay, and Queuing delay.

What is an end-to-end Delay?

End-to-end delay, also known as one-way delay, is the length of time it takes for a packet to go from its source to its destination across a network. It is a word frequently used in the monitoring of IP networks, and it varies from round-trip time in that only the path from source to destination is measured.

Now according to the question, the propagation, transmission, and processing delays are all constant. The time required to send data bits is the cause.

Variable queuing delays exist.

The waiting time is dependent on packet size, and only one packet can be transferred at a time in the queue process.

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What number will be output by the console.log command on line 5

Answers

Answer:

-2

Explanation:

During periods when the internet is not slowed by congestion, the number of internet searches is probably close to the socially efficient number. how can we tell this this is true?

Answers

Answer:

We can this is true because the number of internet searches that are being done at that time is just enough to meet the actual capacity of the internet facility.

Explanation: Socially efficient number is that number that is just enough to meet the actual capacity of a given system such as an internet connectivity or internet facility.

When the number of internet searches are just enough not to cause congestion in the search engines or internet facility,it can be said that the socially efficient number has been achieved.

anthill is to ant _________ is as to king

Answers

Answer: palace or castle

Explanation: the anthill is the big place where the ants live and the palace is the big place where the king lives.

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jeremy has a handful of resisters and all of them except one have for bands the exception has three why?

Answers

Answer:

The 3 band resistor does not specify the tolerance.

Ususally this means the tolerance is 20%, which is not great.

Explanation:

The last band is typically the tolerance band, i.e., the lower the tolerance the more accurate the value as indicated by the other bands. In case of a 3 band code, there is no tolerance specified and you have to assume the default of 20%.

PowerPoint is a visual aid for many speakers. Discuss some points to remember when adding text to a PowerPoint presentation. How do they help make the experience better for the audience and the presenter? What things can you do when creating a PowerPoint presentation to assure that your work adds to the speaker’s presentation without detracting attention from the speaker?

Answers

Answer:

Use a lot of spinning animations to draw attention. Use many colors. A lot of text so you can read from the slide in case you get lost.

What is the capacity of a disk with two platters, 10,000 cylinders, an average of 400 sectors per track, and 512 bytes per sector?
What is the use of cache memory? Explain the concepts of cache hit and cache miss.

Answers

Answer:

The capacity of the disk is "40 GB".

Explanation:

Given value:

[tex]\to \text{cylinder}= 10,000\\\\\to \frac{sector}{track} = 400\\\\\to \frac{bytes}{sector} = 512\\[/tex]

[tex]\text{Calculating the size of track} = \frac{bytes}{sector} \times \frac{sector}{track}[/tex]

                                            [tex]= 512 \times 400 \\\\ = 204,800 \ \ Or \ \ 200 \ K[/tex]

[tex]\text{Calculating the size of surface} = \frac{byte}{track} \times \ cylinder[/tex]

                                               [tex]= 2000 \ K \times 10,000 \\\\ = 20, 000,000 \ K[/tex]

[tex]\text{Calculating the capacity of a disk} = \frac{byte}{surface} \times \frac{surface}{disk}[/tex]

                                                     [tex]= 20, 000,000 \ K \times 2 \\\\ = 40, 000,000 \ K \\\\= 40 \ GB[/tex]

Cache memory is often used to speed up the runtime. It will enable us to improve performance unless we can store information, that is retrieved constantly in memory space.

Hit Cache: when the Processor relates to representing database data, Cache Hit results. Miss Cache: when this Processor responds to a non-present cache data, this will trigger its miss of cache.It doesn't have to retrieve the Main Memory through secondary storage.

Range is an example of a ______________.

Answers

Answer:

example in ( 4,6,9,3,7) lowest value is 3and highest is 9.

a good look of a web page depends upon?​

Answers

Answer:

Depends mostly on your opinion

Write a function that will sum all of the numbers in a list, ignoring the non-numbers. The function should takes one parameter: a list of values (value_list) of various types. The recommended approach for this:

a. create a variable to hold the current sum and initialize it to zero.
b. use a for loop to process each element of the list.
c. test each element to see if it is an integer or a float, and, if so, add its value to the current sum.
d. return the sum at the end.

Answers

In python 3.8:

def func(value_list):

   lst = [x for x in value_list if type(x) == int or type(x) == float]

   return sum(lst)

print(func(["h", "w", 32, 342.23, 'j']))

This is one solution using list comprehensions. I prefer this route because the code is concise.

def func(value_list):

   total = 0

   for x in value_list:

       if type(x) == int or type(x) == float:

           total += x

   return total

print(func(["h", "w", 32, 342.23, 'j']))

This is the way as described in your problem.

What are the ten main components of a report that would be delivered at the end of a data science project?

Answers

Answer:

The answer is below

Explanation:

The ten main components of a report that would be delivered at the end of a data science project are the following:

1. Cover page: the involves elements such as the title of the project, the name of the author, name of institution, date of publication

2. Table of Contents: this comprised information like chapters, topics, and subtopics

3. Abstract: a summary of the whole project

4. Introductory Section: a brief background study

5. Methodology section: this describes the methods used in gathering and analyzing the data

6. Data section: this shows the data gathered for the project. It is mostly represented in tables, histograms, pie charts, etc.

7. Analysis section: this describes what was analyzed

8. Result section: this described the outcome of the analysis

9. Conclusion section: this describes the whole outcome of the data project and what the author derived or concluded.

10. References: this describes the information about the works of other authors, the author used in building his background knowledge towards his data science project.

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what dose it mean if a circuit is hot to the touch

Answers

Answer:

The circuit is carrying more than it is supposed to and is overheating.

The series is overloaded

how to create diagram that demonstrates the step
by step procedures in performing a mail merge.

Answers

Answer:

hope it helps

1-Creating a Main Document and the Template.

2-Creating a Data Source.

3-Defining the Merge Fields in the main document.

4-Merging the Data with the main document.

5-Saving/Exporting

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Given the expressions: 5x+2(x-4) and 7x-8 first prove that they are both equivalent and explain why your method proves this. Helpp pls I tired to solve it out but I cant get it I need help with this please. I already did this problem but I think I made a mistake can you please look it over? (GRADE7MATH) Can somebody plz answer all the questions correctly and show ur answer..thanks!! (Only if u done this before) WILL MARK BRAINLIEST) :D Which statement is not true for a magnetic field?O A. A magnetic field occurs near a wire that has no current.OB. A magnetic field is produced by a magnet with two poles.O c. A magnetic field loops from the north pole to the south pole.O D. A magnetic field occurs near a current-carrying wire. Humans have always developed new inventions and ways of doing things. Sometimes, innovations have led to a transformation of human society. Match the innovations below to the societal system they helped create by selecting the correct answers from the drop-downs. Group of answer choices domestication of animals [ Choose ] development of metal armor [ Choose ] development of grain distribtution [ Choose ] planting of seeds [ Choose ] creation of laws and rules [ Choose ] creation of a bureaucracy [ Choose ] Simplify 10cm:30cmSimplify 2cm:1m Does the table represent a proportional relationship? What's the slope of this line How do I solve problems like5 + 2y = 1 What minimum level of education do drug and alcohol counselors usually have?bachelors degreeassociates degreemasters degreeDoctorate degree Natural _______is a mechanism for the evolution of a population to become better adapted for survival in a specific environment. 7 types of motion you experience through the day. Compare physical change and chemical change in terms of the arrangement of the particles and the changes in number of atoms or types of atoms? Shawna is saving money to buy a new laptop. She starts her savings with $64. Each week, she adds another $17 to her savings. Graph the relationship that models the amount of money Shawna is saving. If her laptop costs $589, after how many weeks will she be able to afford the laptop? Both the Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Actallowed civil rights activists to protest peacefullymeant the end of discrimination in the countrydiscouraged state governments from enforcing the laws.gave the federal government tools to enforce the laws. Help please I will give BrAnLiEsT!!! Read the following excerpt from "Woman Who HelpedHide Anne Frank Dies at 100" by Teri Schultz.Ms. MIEP GIES: I, myself, I'm just a very commonperson. I simply had no choice. I could foresee many,many sleepless nights and a life filled with regret if Iwould have refused to help the Franks. And this was notthe kind of life I was looking for at all.SCHULTZ: Gies explained another motivation foremphasizing her modesty. She said if people are allowedto think it takes remarkable qualities to act boldly onbehalf of others, few will attempt it.Ms. GIES: People should never think that you have to bea very special person to help those who need you.What is the purpose of Miep Gies in this excerpt?O to tell people about all of her heroic actions duringWorld War IIto preserve the important legacy of Anne Frank andher diaryto show people that she has always remained amodest personOto persuade the audience that ordinary people can doremarkable things Using a maximum allowable shear stress of 70 MPa, find the shaft diameter needed to transmit 40 kW when (a) The shaft speed is 2500 rev/min. (b) The shaft speed is 250 rev/min Read the problems and and write the word that indicates an equation or inequality and decide whether an equation or inequality is indicated Brett has a $30 online gift certificate. He plans to buy as many books as he can. The cost of each book is $4. There is also a single shipping charge of $2. How many books can he afford without spending more than his gift certificate amount? Word/phrase?_________ Equation/Inequality_______ Factor -4 out of -8d + 20.The factored expression is