What is the “fight or flight” response and how does caffeine trigger this response?

The two cars (red and green) are 2280 m apart

Speed is the distance travelled per unit. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:

Speed = distance / time

With above formula, we can determine the distance by the red car. Details below

The following data were obtained from the question:

The distance traveled by the red car in 2 mins ( i.e 120 s) can be obtained as followed:

Speed = distance / time

Cross multiply

Distance = speed × time

Distance = 19 × 120

Distance = 2280 m

Thus, the red and green cars are 2280 m apart

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To produce a total potential of more than 0.10 V, the cells must be connected in series such that every cell experiences the same current.

If the positive terminal of the first cell is connected to the negative terminal of the second cell and the positive terminal of the third cell, the cells are said to be connected in series. Every cell experiences the same current.

When one battery’s positive terminal is attached to the next one’s negative terminal, a group of batteries is said to be connected in series. The total algebraic sum of all the cells that is connected in series creates the totally battery’s overall emf.

Cells are connected from end to end to form a total series, allowing the same current to pass through each cell.

In a parallel connection the total potential difference remains the same and then this can be calculated as

Vtot = V

here V can be seen as the potential of each cell.

When in a series connection, the total potential difference of the capacitors cannot be counted as same unless their exact capacitances are same.

So, the potential differences of the capacitors can add up in total as

Vtot = V1 + V2 + V3 + and so on...

Here the total potential is seen as higher than the total individual capacitors.

So as to produce a total potential of more than 0.1 V, the cell must be connected in series.

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Complete Question

Electric eels and electric fish generate large potential differences that are used to stun enemies and prey. These potentials are produced by cells that each can generate 0.10 V. We can reasonably model such cells as charged capacitors.

How should these cells be connected (in series or parallel) to produce a total potential of more than 0.10 V?

The velocity of a diver just before hitting the water is -10.1 m/s, where the minus sign indicates that her motion is directly downward. -5.06 m is her displacement during the last 1.20 s of the dive.

Velocity is the directional speed of a moving item as an indication of its rate of change in position as seen from a specific frame of reference and measured by a specific time standard (e.g., 60 km/h northbound). The idea of velocity is crucial in kinematics, the part of classical mechanics that explains the motion of bodies.

A physical vector quantity called velocity requires both magnitude and direction to be defined. Speed is a coherent derived unit that expresses the scalar absolute value (magnitude) of velocity. Its quantity is expressed in SI units (metric system) of metres per second (m/s or ms1). For example, "5 meters per second" is a scalar while "5 meters per second east" is a vector.

We are given that

v = -10.1 m/s

t = 1.20 s

[tex]v_0[/tex] = ?

a = g = - 9.80 m/s²

as we know upward movement is positive and downward movement is negative, we can find [tex]v_0[/tex] with this formula

⇒ v = [tex]v_0[/tex] + at

⇒ -10.1 = [tex]v_0[/tex]  + (- 9.80 )(1.20)

⇒ -10.1 = [tex]v_0[/tex]  - 11.76

⇒  [tex]v_0[/tex] = 1.66 m/s

As we have found velocity, now we can find displacement with this formula

⇒ [tex]\lambda[/tex] =  [tex]v_0[/tex] t + [tex]\frac{1}{2} at^2[/tex]

⇒ [tex]\lambda[/tex] = (1.66 m/s)(1.20 s) + [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex](- 9.80 m/s²)(1.20 s)²

⇒ [tex]\lambda[/tex] = 1.992 m - 7.056 m

⇒ [tex]\lambda[/tex] = -5.064 m

      = -5.06 m

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If the distance between the two charges is doubled, the attraction or repulsion becomes weaker, when the distance between the two charges is halved, the force is increased four times.

An object with mass feels a push or pull, which modifies its velocity. An agent with the ability to change a body's resting or moving condition is known as an external force.

As stated, the distance between them that is divided in half is equal to r/2.

Let [tex]F_{\prime}[/tex]  be the force when the distance is cut in half between the charges.

It is possible to express the force between the two charged particles as

where, q1 and q2 are the charges, r  is the distance,  is k constant of proportionality(Coulomb's constant), F is the force between the charges.

Calculation of the force at a halving of the distance between the charges

The force is reduced by half when the distance is:

[tex]F=\frac{k q_1 q_2}{r^2}[/tex]

[tex]F \prime=\frac{k q_1 q_2}{\left(\frac{r}{2}\right)^2}[/tex]

[tex]F /=\frac{4 k q_1 q_2}{r^2}[/tex]

[tex]F_{\prime}[/tex] = 4F

As a result, when the space between the two charges is cut in half, the force is multiplied by four.

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