What occurred during the Perian period that drastically altered organism population on Earth? Be detailed

Answers

Answer 1
The Permian period, which ended in the largest mass extinction the Earth has ever known, began about 299 million years ago. The emerging supercontinent of Pangaea presented severe extremes of climate and environment due to its vast size. The south was cold and arid, with much of the region frozen under ice caps. Northern areas suffered increasingly from intense heat and great seasonal fluctuations between wet and dry conditions. The lush swamp forests of the Carboniferous were gradually replaced by conifers, seed ferns, and other drought-resistant plants.

Early reptiles were well placed to capitalize on the new environment. Shielded by their thicker, moisture-retaining skins, they moved in where amphibians had previously held sway. Over time, they became ideally suited to the desert-type habitats in which they thrive today.
Hope it is helpful

Related Questions

What are the importance of familiarizing the functions of carpentry tools and equipment
plss paki sagot ​

Answers

Answer:

Each tool is precisely designed for a specific purpose, so choosing the correct tool will also decrease the amount of effort required to get a job done right without causing damage to either the equipment or the surface

what are the defense mechanisms of the human body

Answers

Explanation:

The human body has three primary lines of defense to fight against foreign invaders, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. The immune system's three lines of defense include physical and chemical barriers, non-specific innate responses, and specific adaptive responses.

The human body possesses several defense mechanisms to protect itself against pathogens (disease-causing microorganisms) and other harmful substances such as innate and adaptive immune system.

Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense and is present from birth. It provides immediate protection against a wide range of pathogens. Adaptive immunity is a specific defense mechanism that develops over time in response to specific pathogens. It provides long-lasting immunity and has the ability to recognize and remember specific pathogens. Both innate and adaptive immunity work together to provide a comprehensive defense against pathogens. Innate immunity provides rapid, general protection, while adaptive immunity offers specific, targeted responses. The coordination between these defense mechanisms helps the body combat infections and maintain overall health.

Learn more about the human defense mechanism here.

https://brainly.com/question/30703605

#SPJ2

How do different types of forces affect objects?
ITS 58 POINTS!

Answers

Answer:

Forces affect how objects move. They may cause motion; they may also slow, stop, or change the direction of motion of an object that is already moving. Since force cause changes in the speed or direction of an object, we can say that forces cause changes in velocity. Remember that acceleration is a change in velocity.

Explanation:

Hello need help ASAP! plz answer if you know the answers

Look at the digestive system, tell me if i did some thing wrong. Thank you guys

Answers

Answer:

yes this should be correct

Explanation:

How will you find the valency of chlorine, sulphur and magnesium

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

ANSWER

If the number of electrons in the outermost shell of an atom of an element is less than or equal to 4, then the valency of an element is equal to the number of electrons in the outermost shell.  

If it is greater than 4 then, the valance is determined by subtracting the outermost shell of electrons from 8.

The electrons in Cl, S, and Mg are 2,8,7 ; 2,8,6 ; 2,8,2  

Hence the valency of Cl, S, and Mg are 1, 2, 2 respectively.

Answer:

Chlorine has 7 valence electrons

Magnesium has 2 valence electrons

Sulphur has 6 Valence electrons

Explanation:

We can find how many valence electrons by looking at the periodic table. For instance chlorine is a halogen and therefore has 7 valence electrons as it is in group 17. Magnesium is in group 2 so therefore has 2 valence electrons.

Sulphur is in group 16 and therefore has 6 valence electrons.

If the group has double digits I.e 16 like sulphur we only look at the second digit i.e. 6 as we can't have more than 8 valence electrons.

During cellular respiration every living thing in this food web uses gas and releases back into the environment

Answers

Answer:

B) oxygen:carbon dioxide, because of the process of Cellular respiration, the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules, diverting the chemical energy in these substances into life-sustaining processes and discarding, as waste products, carbon dioxide and water.

Explanation:

Describe one important piece of machinery in plant cells, and how that machinery helps keep plant cells alive. Pleas help. This is a school assignment.

(This is 7th grade science).

Answers

Answer:

Cytoplasm

Explanation:

The Cytoplasm is a Jelly-like substance, where chemical reactions take place.

Explain how oceanic crust is continuously created at mid-ocean ridges.

Answers

Answer: Oceanic crust is continuously being created at mid-ocean ridges. As plates diverge at these ridges, magma rises into the upper mantle and crust. As it moves away from the ridge, the lithosphere becomes cooler and denser, and sediment gradually builds on top of it.

Why are chromosomes important to mitosis?

Answers

Answer:

The daughter cells need a copy of every chromosome in order to replicate and separate.

Explanation:

Cells have to replicate their genetic material to make a whole other cell. Before mitosis the cells need this step for mitosis.

Answer:

The fundamental importance of chromosomes is that they contain DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, the substance that contains every organism's genetic code. When a cell divides, its chromosomes must first replicate. Cells divide in two basic ways – mitosis and meiosis. The latter type of division incorporates the former.

Explanation:

what is a positive effect on an ecosystem?

Answers

Answer:

Ways in which people positively affect ecosystems around the world include Recycling. Establishing wildlife preserves and parks. Creating green, open space laws.

Explanation:

Which principle states that sedimentary rocks are deposited as large
sheets of sediment?
Lateral Continuity
original horizontality
Correlation

Answers

Original horizontality is the answer.
Original horizontality is the corrects answer

1. Which aspects of soil do you think are easiest to change? Which are more difficult
change? Why?

Answers

The most difficult property of a soil to modify is fertility, while the easiest property to modify is texture.

What is the ground?

Soil  is the surface part of the earth's crust, biologically active, which comes from the disintegration or physical or chemical alteration of the rocks and the residues of the activities of living beings that settle on it.

What are the main properties of the soil?

Some of the soil properties are:

Texture. Soils vary among themselves according to the elements that constitute them and their texture changes according to the quantity and size of the particles that form it.Fertility. Soils vary among themselves according to their level of fertility, that is, according to their ability to support plant life.PH. Soils vary from each other according to their level of acidity (pH). The pH is measured on a scale that goes from 1 to 14, with 7 being a neutral pH, less than 7: acidic and greater than 7: basic.Mutation. Soils change over time and due to factors such as the decomposition of organic waste, excessive rainfall, among others.Permeability. Soils vary among themselves according to their permeability, that is, the ability to filter water and air.Structure. Soils vary among themselves according to the way in which the elements and materials that constitute them are grouped.Salinity. Soils vary among themselves according to the percentage of accumulated soluble salts they have.Porosity. The soils vary among themselves according to the number and structure of the pores, which are those soil spaces that are empty, that is, they are not formed by solid matter, but by water and air.

What is the easiest and most difficult soil property to modify?

The easiest property to modify of the floor is the texture because if we want a more rigid or softer floor we can replace it with any material that is available for that purpose. However, this does not guarantee other properties such as fertility, salinity, good pH, among others.

On the other hand, the most difficult soil property to modify is fertility, since this property is the result of very specific physical and chemical processes. For example, we cannot modify the fertility of the soil of a desert.

Learn more about soil in: https://brainly.com/question/224605

#SPJ1

List the four different types of solutions.

Answers

Answer:

solid

liquid

gas

.......

Answer:

Explanation:

Gas - (Also known as "Foam")

Liquid - (Also known as "Emulsion")

Liquid - (Also known as "Gel")

Solid - (Also known as "Solid Sol")

summary of the electron transport chain

Answers

The process by which oxygen is used during the product of most of the ATP from cellular (aerobic) respiration

The electron transport chain is a process that moves hydrogen ions across a membrane to produce large amounts of ATP.

The final step in transferring the energy of sunlight and glucose to the usable energy of ATP takes place during the electron transport chain. This step is a complex process, but in the end, the amount of ATP produced allows complex life to flourish on earth.

The last stage of cellular respiration is the electron transport chain.
The last phase of cellular respiration is the electron transport chain . The electron transport chain cranks out large amounts of ATP—in fact, it produces most of the ATP that a cell needs to drive all of its processes. In this stage, the electron carriers NADH and FADH2 that were produced in the Krebs cycle are ready to donate their energy to produce ATP.
As with glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, you don't need to memorize every detail of the electron transport chain. Rather, it is important that you learn the main components of the process and have a basic understanding of what goes on.

The electron transport chain takes place within the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
Recall that mitochondria have two membranes—an inner membrane and an outer membrane. The folds of the inner membrane, or cristae , create a very large surface area.
The electron transport chain takes place in the cristae. The large surface area of the cristae allows many substances to cross the membrane at one time.

WHICH BODY SYSTEM IS A LOOP?

A.) Circulatory
B.) Nervous
C.) Respiratory

Answers

Answer:

A. circulatory

Explanation:

When did humans first evolve?
20 million years ago
200 million years ago
0.2 million years ago
2 billion years ago

Answers

Answer:

0.2 million years ago

Explanation:

Correct Answer

Persuasive Letter

I'm writing this because, I would like school to be more fun! First, It would most likely motivate kids to do school, And what I mean by more fun is adding funny pictures, fun fact's, Etc.

How about when Class Connect start's, we could Do this, By example: " The bird on the coordinate jumped on 3, and flew to 7! ". This could make kids use a method to help them do things, More than just coordinate's.

We can decorate K12 by the holiday's! Like, Snowflake's for Christmas, and other's. And maybe a button ( You can only use once) To make it rain around the screen! Like snowflake's, Flower's, Etc.

In conclusion, To make K12 more fun, We could add a little Daily streak that go's up every time you attend Class Connect! This could make Children attend more for their Daily Streak.

This is why K12 should do this.

Sincerely,

Victoria Golubev

(Pts: Kid's would most likely like school more if this will be done!)

In what organelle the chloroplast process occur in

Answers

Answer:

It occurs in the green tissue.

Explanation:

they are concentrated particularly in the parenchyma cells of the leaf mesophyll.

Answer:

Photosynthetic cells contain special pigments that absorb light energy. Different pigments respond to different wavelengths of visible light. Chlorophyll, the primary pigment used in photosynthesis, reflects green light and absorbs red and blue light most strongly.In plants, photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts, which contain the chlorophyll. Chloroplasts are surrounded by a double membrane and contain a third inner membrane, called the thylakoid membrane, that forms long folds within the organelle. In electron micrographs, thylakoid membranes look like stacks of coins, although the compartments they form are connected like a maze of chambers. The green pigment chlorophyll is located within the thylakoid membrane, and the space between the thylakoid and the chloroplast membranes is called the stroma (Figure 3, Figure 4).

Chlorophyll A is the major pigment used in photosynthesis, but there are several types of chlorophyll and numerous other pigments that respond to light, including red, brown, and blue pigments. These other pigments may help channel light energy to chlorophyll A or protect the cell from photo-damage. For example, the photosynthetic protists called dinoflagellates, which are responsible for the "red tides" that often prompt warnings against eating shellfish, contain a variety of light-sensitive pigments, including both chlorophyll and the red pigments responsible for their dramatic coloration.

Photomicrographs of chloroplasts with structures labeled are shown alongside a simplified illustration of a photosynthetic cell with a prominent chloroplast. A portion of the chloroplast illustration is depicted enlarged next to the cell to show the structure of a granum, which consists of stacked thylakoids.

Figure 4: Diagram of a chloroplast inside a cell, showing thylakoid stacks

Shown here is a chloroplast inside a cell, with the outer membrane (OE) and inner membrane (IE) labeled. Other features of the cell include the nucleus (N), mitochondrion (M), and plasma membrane (PM). At right and below are microscopic images of thylakoid stacks called grana. Note the relationship between the granal and stromal membranes.

© 2004 Nature Publishing Group Soll, J. & Schleiff, E. Protein import into chloroplasts. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 5, 198-208 (2004) doi:10.1038/nrm1333. All rights reserved. View Terms of Use

Figure Detail

What Are the Steps of Photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis consists of both light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions. In plants, the so-called "light" reactions occur within the chloroplast thylakoids, where the aforementioned chlorophyll pigments reside. When light energy reaches the pigment molecules, it energizes the electrons within them, and these electrons are shunted to an electron transport chain in the thylakoid membrane. Every step in the electron transport chain then brings each electron to a lower energy state and harnesses its energy by producing ATP and NADPH. Meanwhile, each chlorophyll molecule replaces its lost electron with an electron from water; this process essentially splits water molecules to produce oxygen (Figure 5).

An illustration shows the light and dark reactions for photosynthesis drawn on top of a simplified image of a chloroplast, represented as an oviform capsule. Inside the capsule are five stacks of three or four flat, green thylakoid discs. The discs look like stacked quarters. Two thylakoid stacks have been cut away so that their interiors, which are hollow, are visible.

Figure 5: The light and dark reactions in the chloroplast

Photosynthetic cells contain chlorophyll and other light-sensitive pigments that capture solar energy. In the presence of carbon dioxide, such cells are able to convert this solar energy into energy-rich organic molecules, such as glucose. These cells not only drive the global carbon cycle, but they also produce much of the oxygen present in atmosphere of the Earth. Essentially, nonphotosynthetic cells use the products of photosynthesis to do the opposite of photosynthesis: break down glucose and release carbon dioxide.

hope it's helpful

thank you

and please follow me

Which two statements describe evidence that directly led to the development of the theory of plate tectonics?
A.Sonar confirmed the presence of mid-ocean ridges.
B.Each continent has its own unique mountain formations.
C.Fossils of plants found in South America differ from fossils found in Africa.
D.Seismic data showed that most earthquakes and volcanoes occur where crust is being formed or destroyed.

Answers

Answer: The answer is A and D

Explanation:

Jus pick it if you trust me

Two statements that describe evidence that directly led to the development of the theory of plate tectonics? a) Sonar confirmed the presence of mid-ocean ridges. d) Seismic data showed that most earthquakes and volcanoes occur where crust is being formed or destroyed.

What is plate tectonic theory?

According to this theory, the earth's surface is separated by plates that move above the molten mantle. Over the plate borders, these plates interact with one another, causing friction.

What is seismic data?

Seismic surveys provide a scan of the earth's subsurface using reflected sound waves.

By knowing the speeds at which seismic waves move through rocks at various places and depths, we can learn about geologic formations on the earth. and describes the way an area will tremble during an earthquake.

Hence, options (a) and (d) are correct.

To learn more about plate tectonics and seismic data here,

https://brainly.com/question/2632950

#SPJ

what is Skeletal major organs and structures?

Answers

Answer:

The skeletal system is your body's central framework. It consists of bones and connective tissue, including cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. It's also called the musculoskeletal system.

Explanation:

what is the random distribution of chromosomes during meiosis called

genetic variation
recombination
crossing over
independent assortment​

Answers

Answer:

It is : independent assortment​

Explanation:

Explains:

When cells divide during meiosis, homologous chromosomes are randomly distributed during anaphase I, separating and segregating independently of each other. This is called independent assortment. It results in gametes that have unique combinations of chromosomes.

The nitrogen bases down the center are held together by?

Answers

Hydrogen Bonds!!!!!!!!

In digestion, where are molecules coming from? *
a.From food the animal eats
b.From the blood
c.From the cells

Answers

Answer:

In digestion molecules come from food the animal eats (option a).

Explanation:

Foods that are consumed are those that provide the necessary molecules for the maintenance of the organism. The process of digestion consists of converting food into molecules —amino acids, glucose and fatty acids— that are easily absorbed by the body.

When an animal eats food, its digestive system is in charge of processing it and converting it into simple molecules, necessary to cover its requirements.

In order to support life a planet will need ...

Answers

Answer:

sun light and water and fresh air

Answer:

The standard definition for a habitable planet is one that can sustain life for a significant period of time. As far as researchers know, this requires a planet to have liquid water. To detect this water from space, it must be on the planet's surface.

Explanation:

:)

Help ASAP PLZ! CORRECT ME IF AM WRONG TY BOYS AND GIRLS

Answers

You’re correct. They stay dormant until the apical meristem is removed.

HELP ASAP! PLZ ANSWER OF YOU KNOW IT

Answers

Answer:

its basically a layer that helps to absorb light energy there have a pog day friend

what is the Biogenesis Theory?

Answers

Answer:

Biogenesis is the production of new living organisms. Conceptually, biogenesis sometimes attributed to Louis Pasteur and encompasses the belief that complex living things come only from other living things, by means of reproduction.

:)

GIVING BRAINLIEST, FIVE STARS AND THANKS!
Thanks to the people who answered my last question! Thank you so much! ^^



Explain the scientific meaning and use of the word "transformation".

Answers

Answer:

The act, state or process of changing, such as in form or structure; the conversion from one form to another.

Explanation:

What is an adaptation another species have developed to resist the toxic sting of a nematocyst?

Answers

Answer:

The mouth covered by chitin and intracellular granules of chitin (i.e. spindles) in nudibranchs

Explanation:

Nudibranchs are marine gastropod molluscs (Opisthobranchia, Mollusca). These organisms are carnivorous, so they feed on sponges, coral, anemones, hydroids, fish eggs, etc. On the other hand, cnidarians have specialized cells called cnidoblasts or cnidocytes that contain nematocysts made up of toxins that serve as a defense mechanism. Nematocysts are found in many species of Cnidarians such as, for example, in the tentacles of sea anemones. Interestingly, nudibranchs have developed some adaptations for feeding on these species. In the first place, nudibranchs have the mouth covered by a substance named chitin that allows them to chomp and swallow anemone tentacles. Second, they (nudibranchs) also have intracellular granules of chitin (i.e. spindles) in the digestive system that function as biological sandbags which maintain nematocyst toxins away from sensitive body parts.

The mucus coat of clownfish protects the fish from sea anemone's sting which is an adaptation clownfish developed.

What is Nematocysts?

Nematocysts are cells found in which is use for locomotion and for defence and capturing prey.

Nematocysts contain coiled threadswhich is like hairlike projections called which are sensitive to touch and can penetrate the body ofprey.that may bear barbs.

Nematocysts is found in Sea anemone, Hydra and so on and it is use to capture prey.The clown fish have mucus coat which prevents nematocysts from penetrating through it and hence ensures it's defence from been attacked or captured as prey by Sea anemone.

Therefore, The mucus coat of clownfish protects the fish from sea anemone's sting which is an adaptation clownfish developed

For more details on nematocysts check the link below.

https://brainly.com/question/984744

Help ASAP! tell me if am right ty

Answers

Answer:

you are right

Explanation:

please answer these

Answers

the first one is 30 I think and the second one is 23
First one is 30 and the second one is 46
Other Questions
In a 300 word essay, explain why the U.S. government chose to provide economic and military assistance to the French for their war in Indochina. What international events influenced this decision? If you were a policymaker in Washington, would you have supported giving aid to the French? Why or why not? Your essay should be three paragraphs in length. The first paragraph should explain the reasons the U.S. was concerned about the Soviet Union. The second paragraph should explain the concerns of the U.S. about the situation in Asia. Finally, your third paragraph should explain why you think the U.S. support for the French was a good or bad idea. You should provide specific reasons, including facts and values, which support your view. Write the formula for Carbon Trioxide What are the solutions to the following system of equations? Select the correct answer below.y = x2 - 4x + 32x + y = 6A) (-1,8) and (3,0)B) (-1, 3) and (8,0)C) (0,8) and (3, -1)D) (3, 8) and (-1,0) What are amendments to the constitution? Taylor is buying a chest freezer that had an original price of $145 but isadvertised at 25% off. Sales tax of 6.75% is applied to the discounted price.How much will Taylor pay for the chest freezer?a. $108.75 b. $116.09C. $7.34d. $108.08 Our friend purchased a medium pizza for $10.31 with a 30% off coupon. What is the price of a medium pizza without a coupon? Do not include units (dollars) in your answer. this is a personal question what do you do if your little sister will not stop bothering you and you are home allowen? nancy is making cupcakes for her schools bake sale. after 2 hours of work she has 41 cupcakes after 7 hours she has 141 cupcakes. write an equation to model the number of cupcakes y for cupcakes x for hours assertive, aggressive, non assertive Health - There is many questions pls give right answers!1. Which options are direct results of metabolic processes?(Select all that apply.)The body uses glucose as a source of energy.The body turns food into building blocks for cells.The body breaks proteins into monosaccharides.The body breaks fats into amino acids.2. What option(s) determine(s) the number of calories needed to maintain weight?(Select all that apply.)a persons agea persons activity levela persons sex/gendera persons blood type3. What is fiber?plant material the body absorbs into the bloodstreamthe nutrient needed to fuel organsthe nutrient needed to build musclesplant material the body cannot digest4. Why is eating enough protein essential to health?Protein helps with digestion of dietary fiberProtein provides the building blocks for strong muscles.Protein blocks bacterial infections.Protein increases absorption of vitamins A, D, E and K.5. According to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range, what percentage of a persons calories should come from fats?40-50%20-35%36-40%5-10%6. Why is water important for the human body?(Select all that apply.)It helps remove wastesIt helps maintain body temperature.t transports oxygen.It protects joint tissue.It keeps bacteria out of the bloodstream.7. How do vitamins and minerals impact health?(Select all that apply.)They boost immune system response.They prevent dehydration.They help repair tissue damage.They fuel muscles.They prevent diseases such as scurvy and rickets.8. Which statement accurately describes nutritional dietary supplements?Supplements labeled natural may interact negatively with medications.Supplements labeled natural are safe for all people.Over-the-counter supplements are required to have proven health benefitsOver-the-counter supplements are safe at almost any dose.9. Which option shows a risk of taking diuretics to lose weight?infectiondehydrationhigh blood pressurehigh sodium levels10. Which health problems are generally considered to be closely related to eating large portion sizes?(Select all that apply.)osteoporosisobesitymineral deficiencyincreased blood pressure11. Which statement accurately describes the relationship between carbohydrates and weight gain?Extra calories from carbohydrates cause weight gain, but extra calories from protein do not.Weight gain has more to do with the number of calories eaten than the source of those calories.Carbohydrates cause more weight gain than proteins because they have twice as many calories per gram.Complex carbohydrates cause weight gain, but simple carbohydrates do not.12.Which behavior would best support physical health and a healthy body composition?consuming no more than 10 percent of calories in the form of added sugarchoosing to eat simple carbohydrates over complex carbohydrateschoosing to eat saturated fats over unsaturated fatsconsuming at least 3,000 milligrams of sodium per day13. What is a health risk of the grapefruit diet?It provides a dangerous level of fiber.It lacks essential vitamins and minerals.Eating too much vitamin C can lead to vision loss.Eating too much vitamin C can increase cancer risk.14. What is bulimia nervosa?an eating disorder in which people restrict the calories they eata disease caused by vitamin D deficiency disease caused by vitamin D deficiency a disease caused by iodine deficiency disease caused by iodine deficiency an eating disorder in which people purge after eating large amounts of food (65 POINTS!!!) Describe and Explain the Civil Rights Act of 1866. Aiko stands 5 m from a tree. At that distance, the angle of elevation from the ground to the top of the tree is 80.Approximately how tall is the tree? 8. The aim of French explorations in the Mississippi valley and the Hudson Bay region was to __________.a. wage war on the Amerindiansb. locate new sources of furc. find deposits of gold and diamondsd. convert more Amerindians to Christianity In order to land on Mars, Curiosity had to use a parachute, rockets, and a sky crane.What can be concluded from this information? aLanding on Mars in the future is unrealistic. bLanding on Mars is a simple process. cLanding on Mars is a complicated process. dLanding on Mars is a waste of time. The first term of a geometric sequence is 6 and the common ratio is -8. Find the 6th term. Label the highlighted parts of this prism.A is.BisC isB What are some chemical properties of nickel? Choose two possible alleles for hair color.A greenB brownC blondD none of the above PLEASE HELP QUICK!!Choose the correct conjugation.Yo ______ intelectual.eressomossoissoy What type of government got its start in the American colonies in the early 1600s?