Nearsightedness Study
Myopia, or nearsightedness, results from a number of genetic and environmental factors. In 1999, Quinn et al studied the relation between myopia and ambient lighting at night (for example, from nightlights or room lights) during childhood.
Question 1. The data were gathered by the following procedure, reported in the study. "Between January and June 1998, parents of children aged 2-16 years [...] that were seen as outpatients in a university pediatric ophthalmology clinic completed a questionnaire on the child’s light exposure both at present and before the age of 2 years." Was this study observational, or was it a controlled experiment? Explain.
Write your answer here, replacing this text.
Question 2. The study found that of the children who slept with a room light on before the age of 2, 55% were myopic. Of the children who slept with a night light on before the age of 2, 34% were myopic. Of the children who slept in the dark before the age of 2, 10% were myopic. The study concluded that, "The prevalence of myopia [...] during childhood was strongly associated with ambient light exposure during sleep at night in the first two years after birth."
Do the data support this statement? You may interpret "strongly" in any reasonable qualitative way.
Write your answer here, replacing this text.
Question 3. On May 13, 1999, CNN reported the results of this study under the headline, "Night light may lead to nearsightedness." Does the conclusion of the study claim that night light causes nearsightedness?
Write your answer here, replacing this text.
Question 4. The final paragraph of the CNN report said that "several eye specialists" had pointed out that the study should have accounted for heredity.
Myopia is passed down from parents to children. It's also reasonable to suppose that myopic parents are more likely to leave lights on in their children's rooms than other parents. In what way does the knowledge of this possible genetic link affect how we consider the data?
Write your answer here, replacing this text.
7. Studying the Survivors
The Reverend Henry Whitehead was skeptical of John Snow’s conclusion about the Broad Street pump. After the Broad Street cholera epidemic ended, Whitehead set about trying to prove Snow wrong. (The history of the event is detailed here.)
He realized that Snow had focused his analysis almost entirely on those who had died. Whitehead, therefore, investigated the drinking habits of people in the Broad Street area who had not died in the outbreak.
What is the main reason it was important to study this group?
1) If Whitehead had found that many people had drunk water from the Broad Street pump and not caught cholera, that would have been evidence against Snow's hypothesis.
2) Survivors could provide additional information about what else could have caused the cholera, potentially unearthing another cause.
3) Through considering the survivors, Whitehead could have identified a cure for cholera.
In [ ]:
# Assign survivor_answer to 1, 2, or 3
survivor_answer = ...
In [ ]:
_ = ok.grade('q7_1')
Note: Whitehead ended up finding further proof that the Broad Street pump played the central role in spreading the disease to the people who lived near it. Eventually, he became one of Snow’s greatest defenders.
Answer:
thats a lot to read
Explanation:
Explain how the endocrine
system works in conjunction
with another body system.
Answer:
The endocrine system secretes hormones into blood and other body fluids. These chemicals are important for metabolism, growth, water and mineral balance, and the response to stress. Hormones provide feedback to the brain to affect neural processing. Explanation:
an active lifestyle can lead to an energy excess and unwanted weight gain true or false
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Active life style would mean they are exercising and being healthy. Exercise would in fact cause you to use up more of your energy instead of gaining more, and you would also lose more weight.
The lifestyle describe may describe a sedentary life style, but for sure not active.
Connie is satisfied with her weight but would like to improve her eating habits. She typically has several slices of toast and a large coffee for breakfast, a turkey sandwich and chips or sausage pizza for lunch, and a pasta dish with baked chicken or pork chops for supper. She often has an evening snack of fat-free pudding or yogurt. She drinks unsweetened iced tea, regular colas, water, and an occasional glass of milk. Connie's current diet is most likely to be adequate in which of the following nutrients?
A. Vitamin B12.
B. Potassium C.
C. Vitamin C.
D. Folic acid.
Answer:
B. Potassium C
Explanation:
Toast has 54mg of potassium
Match the phrase with the term.
The ability to perform 20 push-ups in a row demonstrates
muscle endurance
V
The ability to lift a baby into a car seat demonstrates muscle strength
muscle endurance
The ability to lift a heavy bag of groceries from the shopping cart into the car demonstrates
The ability to carry the bag of groceries from the store to the car demonstrates muscle strength
The ability to perform one pull-up exercise demonstrates muscle endurance
The ability to re-arrange a number of large books on a bookshelf during a ten minute time period demonstrates
muscle strength
Answer:
I believe your first two are correct but your bottom two should be rearranged. Have you tried looking it up?
Explanation:
1. Diseases are caused by microscopic --------
Answer:
germs
Explanation:
Infectious diseases are caused by microscopic germs (such as bacteria or viruses) that get into the body and cause problems. Some — but not all — infectious diseases spread directly from one person to another.
where may a food worker on a break drink from uncovered cup?
Answer:
The kitchen probably mabeye
Explain the endocrine system
including the structures
involved and the function of
the system.
Answer:
The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce and secrete hormones, chemical substances produced in the body that regulate the activity of cells or organs. These hormones regulate the body's growth, metabolism (the physical and chemical processes of the body), and sexual development and function
______ are even smaller then bacteria
Answer:
Virus
Explanation:
Viruses are even smaller than bacteria and require living hosts — such as people, plants or animals — to multiply. Otherwise, they can't survive. When a virus enters your body, it invades some of your cells and takes over the cell machinery, redirecting it to produce the virus.
Answer:
Virus
Explanation:
Viruses are even smaller than bacteria
what causes parasympathetic activity
Answer:
Stimulating the vagus nerve stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system, which in turns reduces our neurophysiological experience of stress. It reduces our heart rate and blood pressure. It influences the limbic system in our brain, where emotions are processed.
Explanation:
What worries you the most about the future?
this is a questoin thats been on my mind how long can you go without brushing your teeth before a cavity
Answer:
This will all depend on what you eat, and how much you eat. As well as what you drink, and how much you drink. Also, if you floss or not.
Answer:
Bro im not sure, when I was younger I brushed my teeth everyday and still ended up with a cavity.
Explanation:
will make you BRAINLIEST!
In the United States, no federal law requires public schools to teach physical education (PE). Implementing PE in public schools is the responsibility of each of the 50 states. Some states and school districts are making PE optional, not mandatory, for students. Such decisions are driven in part by budget cuts and efforts to raise student test scores in core academic subjects such as reading and math. Some school districts have even cut traditional PE altogether.
Do you believe that cutting or reducing the amount of PE in schools in favor of core academic subjects is a good idea? Why or why not? Use specific case studies and facts to support your opinion.
Should the federal government offer incentives to states to increase the number of students participating in regular physical activity? Why or why not? If so, what might the incentive plan look like? 10+ sentences
Answer:
I think that cutting P.E. is not good. The class allows us to combat our growing obesity problem and it provides leisure time for students, something they sorely need. In Finland, schools have 15 minute breaks after every 45 minutes of teaching. This keeps the kids relaxed and happy. Sadness and stress are damaging to their health and their grades.
Explanation:
At a time when American children are increasingly absorbed in their screens and one-third are overweight, the need for robust physical education is acute. Last month, the federal government updated its recommendations for physical activity for the first time in 10 years. The guidelines now include recommendations for children as young as age 3, and advise a minimum of 60 minutes per day of moderate to vigorous activity for ages 6-17. Alas, only one in five teenagers meets this standard.
Inactivity has been called “the new smoking,” and the prevalence of obesity and inactivity may well mean children today will lead shorter lifespans than their parents. Children desperately need to learn the importance of physical fitness, how to achieve it, and how to maintain it. Well-taught physical education keeps students moving and motivated, building their competence and confidence so that they can stay fit over a lifetime.
Answer:
If we were to cut P.E. in public school systems, we would be introducing problems. Such as the growing rate of obesity in the US. Whether students like physical education or not, it helps by keeping kids healthy. One-third of American children are overweight, due to the increase in screen time. Last year, the federal government updated its recommendations for physical activity for the first time in 10 years. The recommendations say that every child 3 years of age and older should be spending at least 60 minutes per day of moderate to vigorous activity. but, only one in five teenagers meet this standard, Even if the US were to cut P.E. in school systems, and leave the health up to the kids, who would even know if the students are doing the activities?
Explanation:
What is an example of self-management?
A. Tracking personal finances
B. Using social media
C. Learning first aid
D. Going on a strict diet
Answer:I took test it is learning first aid
Explanation:
A client who sustained a spinal cord Injury at the level of reports a severe headache and is diaphoretic with flushed head and neck . The client's pulse is 47 and BP is 220/11 mmHgThe nurte concludes that the client needs Immediate treatment for which
Answer:
Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research
38-Year-Old Woman With Hypertension, Headaches, and Abdominal Bruit
Mira T. Keddis, MD and Vesna D. Garovic, MD
Additional article information
A 38-year-old woman presented to her local clinic for recurrent episodes of headache of several weeks' duration. Evaluation revealed a blood pressure of 202/136 mm Hg. The patient was prescribed 37.5 mg of triamterene with 25 mg of hydrochlorothiazide (1 tablet) twice daily and 50 mg of atenolol once daily.
Her blood pressure remained elevated, and her headaches persisted. She was referred to the hypertension clinic for further management.
The patient's medical history was remarkable for preeclampsia during her second pregnancy 9 years previously. She smoked half a pack of cigarettes per day for 15 years. Her alcohol use was limited to social gatherings and consisted of 1 to 2 drinks monthly. She exercised regularly and had a balanced low-salt diet. Essential hypertension was common on her maternal side.
On physical examination, the patient's blood pressure was 172/100 mm Hg (both arms), and her heart rate was 90 beats/min. Findings on funduscopic examination were normal. Cardiac examination revealed a grade 2/6 systolic ejection murmur at the right upper sternal border. Abdominal examination was remarkable for a systolic-diastolic bruit present over the right midabdomen without palpable masses. No evidence of pitting edema was observed, and findings on lung examination were normal.
Initial work-up included the following (reference ranges shown parenthetically): hemoglobin, 14.1 g/dL (12.0-15.5 g/dL); creatinine, 0.8 mg/dL (0.7-1.2 mg/dL); sodium, 139 mEq/L (135-145 mEq/L); potassium, 4.2 mmol/L (3.6-4.8 mmol/L); bicarbonate, 29 mEq/L (22-29 mEq/L), and calcium, 9.5 mg/dL (8.9-10.1 mg/dL). Findings on electrocardiography were normal.
On the basis of this patient's clinical context, which one of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Anxiety
Essential hypertension
Secondary renovascular hypertension due to atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis
Secondary renovascular hypertension due to fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD)
Hypertension associated with renal insufficiency
Anxiety can be associated with episodes of dramatic but temporary elevations in blood pressure. This patient's hypertension appears to be persistently elevated, which argues against this diagnosis.
Essential hypertension commonly occurs in middle-aged people who are usually asymptomatic with normal findings on physical examination.1 Secondary hypertension, defined as the presence of a specific condition known to cause hypertension, may affect up to 10% of hypertensive patients. It commonly presents as resistant hypertension, defined as an inability to control blood pressure despite the concurrent use of 3 antihypertensive agents, one of which is a diuretic.2 Our patient's severe stage 2 hypertension (defined as a systolic blood pressure ≥160 mm Hg and/or a diastolic blood pressure ≥100 mm Hg), young age, and inadequate response to blood pressure therapy argued against essential hypertension and raised suspicion for secondary causes.
Renovascular hypertension results from critical stenosis of the renal arteries. When the stenosis is sufficiently severe (ie, causing ≥75% diameter reduction), renal hypo perfusion ensues, leading to up-regulation of renin in the affected kidney. Consequent stimulation of angiotensin II and aldosterone leads to vasoconstriction and salt retention, respectively, which play a central role in the development of renovascular hypertension. Abdominal bruits, particularly those that have a diastolic component and lateralize to the renal areas, are suggestive of renal artery stenosis. Our patient's clinical presentation was highly suggestive of renal artery stenosis. Although atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis usually occurs in elderly patients with cardiovascular comorbid conditions such as hyperlipidemia and coexisting atherosclerotic vessel disease, fibromuscular dysplasia commonly affects young women with a history of smoking.3 Considering our patient's age, sex, and history of smoking, renovascular hypertension due to renal artery stenosis secondary to fibromuscular dysplasia was the most likely diagnosis. Hypertension associated with renal insufficiency was less likely given the negative findings on physical examination, normal kidney function, and absence of significant proteinuria on urinalysis.
Independent (or individual) practice associations (IPAs) are based on
A. MCO contracts established with physicians.
B. HMO service contracts with organized groups of physicians.
C. IPO policy benefits established for new patients.
D. PPO service contracts with groups of hospitals.
Answer:
D. PPO service contracts with groups of hospitals.
Explanation:
Individual Practices which is a situation whereby the medical personnel are practicing in a hospital on an individual basis with one or two group of of hospital is based on service contracts which exist between them. IF the PPO service contracts is good, the would take up the individual practice with the said group of hospital.
HELP PLS I WILL GIVE YOU THE TOP COMMENT!! :))) THANK YOUUU
Answer:
C. Relying on subject behaviors
Explanation:
Subjective if when a person brings their own biased and experience into something. Objective would be what you want for that sort of thinking is unbiased, and not based on personal feelings. Subjective information can lead into lying in facts and mixing up opinions with facts.
Which of the following health-related problems can best be solved by community action?
Why are low-fat dairy desserts not always the best choice?
Answer:
low-fat versions contain more sugar and are less filling, causing you to end up eating more than you should
Explanation:
Question:
Why are low-fat dairy desserts not always the best choice?
Answer:
Low-fat dairy desserts contain more sugar than the regular dairy version. And is less filling, causing you to end up eating more than you normally would.
What does it mean to be Anorexic? Use in your own words.
Answer:
Being anorexic is when you are too underweight because you don't give your body the nutrition it needs
Explanation:
12. Teenage girls need extra amounts of what two minerals?
Answer:
The correct answer is - iron and calcium.
Explanation:
In the teenage years, the body needs more nutrients and the correct amount of vitamins and minerals. Minerals such as iron, calcium, zinc, and iodine for proper growth and development are important for the growth and development of the bodies.
In teenage girls, especially those who have heavy periods and lose blood in a heavy amount required more iron and folate. These minerals help the girls to be healthy and prevent them from anemia. The essential mineral is calcium which is helpful for the bones and bone density as it is found that after the age of 30 there is a huge loss of bone density.
heredity affects the shape of your body
T o f
Answer:
Studies say that while up to 80 percent of your weight and body shape can be decided by your genes, the environment and personal preference also play a significant role.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Heredity affects the shape of your body since physical traits such as the color of your eye, hair, shape of you face, size, and body type are passed on through genetic.
Hope this helps, thank you !!
_______ is a potential roadblock toward achieving your-career goals.
A. A small job market
B. High cost of education
C. Conflicts with colleagues or supervisors
D. All of the above.
SUBMIT
Answer:
all of the above
Explanation:
they all affect you
Answer: D. All of the above
Explanation:
31. Explain the best ways to prevent and treat common exercise injuries
Answer: One way you can prevent exercise injuries is by getting a good stretch in, and by doing a nice warm up before the activity and a cool down after the activity. The best way to treat injuries is to stretch, and ice the spot. Sometimes you should get off of the spot that hurts, and lay down.
Explanation: Hope this helps, I run track so i know a few things.
Sexual reproduction happens when the __ material from two different sex cells combine.
A. offspring
B. Mutations
C. Genetic
B .offspring (the product of the reproductive processes of an animal or plant : young, progeny The disease can be transmitted from parent to offspring. b : child a mother of numerous offspring.)
Which image displays a healthy choice for lunch, based on current guidelines?
Answer:
this is the answer hope it helps :)
Individuals with hypertension should moderate their intake of which of the following?
Identify 7 physiological changes that occur in response to cardiorespiratory system at rest and during exercise.
Answer:
During exercise, more blood is sent to the active skeletal muscles, and, as body temperature increases, more blood is sent to the skin. This process is accomplished both by the increase in cardiac output and by the redistribution of blood flow away from areas of low demand, such as the splanch- nic organs.
Explanation:
Skill: Analyze Influences
Lesson 7.1 Activity A
Which Factor?
Several factors contribute to the development of mental illnesses. Read each of the scenarios below and
determine what factors may be an influence in each person's mental illness.
Factors
Scenario
Tim is a star on his high school
football team. He plays in almost
every game and has received
awards for his performance.
Playing football can be
dangerous, though. After his
most recent concussion, Tim
acted strangely. He was anxious
and even lashed out angrily at
his friends when they offered
their help.
Recently, Malia's parents got
divorced. At first, Malia thought
she would be okay because her
parents fight a lot. However,
the stress of traveling between
her mom's and dad's house has
started to affect her. She feels
anxious at school, has trouble
finishing assignments, and has
obsessive-compulsive urges.
Frankie is a straight-A student,
but he often has low self-esteem.
When he has trouble completing
an assignment or does not get
the right answer on his first try,
Frankie's immediate thought is,
"I'm a failure." No matter what
maddi
Answer:
Factors for the scenarios in the order they appear.
1. Brain injury/damage
2. Stressful life situations
3. Unrealistic expectations from oneself/ Self-induced pressure
Explanation:
The World Health Organization defines mental health as “a state of well-being in which every individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community”. Several factors can contribute to the development of a disorder in mental health. Some of them include; trauma, stress, injury to the head, drug and alcohol abuse, loss of a loved one, etc.
The head injury or concussion suffered by Tim can affect his brain and result in a mental health disorder. Malia is undergoing a stressful life situation that takes a negative toll on his mental health. Frankie, a straight A student has unrealistic expectations from his self which puts him under pressure and subsequently affects his mental health.
29. Write a prescription for the amount and type of fluid that should be consumed before, during, and after vigorous exercise.
Answer:
17 to 20 ounces of water 2 to 3 hours before you start exercising. Drink 8 ounces of water 20 to 30 minutes before you start exercising or during your warm-up. Drink 7 to 10 ounces of water every 10 to 20 minutes during exercise. Drink 8 ounces of water no more than 30 minutes after you exercise
Explanation: