Scientists assume that the law of universal gravitation is true on all of the planets in the Solar System because The planets are always moving perpendicular to the Sun's gravitational attraction, which causes them to follow an elliptical route around it.
According to Newton's universal law of gravitation Every particle in the universe is said to attract every other particle with a force along a line that connects them.The force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them and directly proportional to the sum of their masses.F = G(m₁ × m₂ /r²)Where, F is gravitational force between two bodies.
m₁ and m₂ are masses of the bodies.
r is the separation between the two bodies' centres.
G is universal gravitational constant = 6.673 x 10⁻¹¹Nm²/kg².
Big or little, the Law is applicable to all objects having masses. If the distance between two massive objects is very large to their sizes or if they are spherically symmetric, they can be thought of as point-like masses.Thus law of universal gravitation is true on all planets.
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Which is the state of matter that has an indefinite shape and definite volume?
O solid
O liquid
O gas
O plasmap
Answer:
it's liquid
Explanation:
because liquid has no shape as it travels and cannot be stopped
Does fog from near the ground
When the air close to the ground cools down enough, the water vapor condenses into liquid water or ice, creating fog.
What produces fog?When cold air passes over warm water, steam fog is created. The warm moist air over the lake cools when it comes in contact with the cool air, reaching a humidity level of 100% and forming fog.
What are the dangers of fog?Fog can be dangerous for vehicles, seafarers, and aviators, especially when it's dense. Every year, a lot of traffic accidents are caused by fog. Fog-related visibility limitations can affect take off and landing procedures and requirements for pilots and can contribute to weather-related delays in aviation.
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The complete question is -
Why does fog form near the ground?
How does the scale of energy released by the fusion process compare to the scale of energy
released by other, nonnuclear chemical reactions?
On a paper about the sun.
The energy released in other chemical reactions The energy released by the fusion process is roughly 3–4 times more than the energy liberated by the fission process.
Describe fusion:In a fusion reaction, two light nuclei merge to create a heavier nucleus. The process leads to the generation of energy because of the mass of the single nucleus that forms is less than the sum of the masses of the two original nuclei. Any leftover mass is transformed into energy.
What happens in the fusion process first?A deuterium (2H) nucleus is created from two protons in the first step of the hydrogen fusion process, along with an antielectron and a neutrino. Four hydrogen protons and two electrons are used in the basic hydrogen fusion cycle, which results in the creation of a helium nucleus, two neutrinos, and six photons.
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What is an outcome from a lack of oxygen?
a Less ATP is produced.
b Less glucose is produced.
C More ATP is produced.
d none of the above
Check it
From lack of Oxygen (a) less ATP is produce.
Aerobic means the process which require the oxygen. Anaerobic means process without oxygen. when cellular respiration takes place aerobically ( in the presence of oxygen ) , glucose react with oxygen form ATP this can be used by cell, and by product is water and carbon dioxide.
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ ----------> 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP
To learn Without the presence of oxygen very less ATP is produced. In the absence pf oxygen ,glucose is breaks down into the alcohol and carbon dioxide with release of energy.
Thus, From lack of Oxygen (a) less ATP is produce.
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how many significant figures are there in the measured value 73.150?
Answer:
Five
Explanation:
7 is a significant number and so is 3, 1, and 5.
In this case, 0 comes AFTER the usual significant numbers, therefore, it is also a significant number.
Lab: Conservation of Mass
The law of conservation of mass, also known as the principle of mass conservation, in physics and chemistry states that for any system closed to all transfers of matter and energy, the mass of the system must remain constant over time because the mass of the system cannot change and therefore quantity cannot be added to or subtracted.
Conservation of Mass.
Antoine Lavoisier discovered in 1789 that mass is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions, which led to the formulation of the Law of Conservation of Mass. That is to say, the mass of any one element at the start of a reaction will be equal to that element's mass at the conclusion of the reaction. The overall mass will remain constant over time in any closed system if we take into account all reactants and products in a chemical reaction. Lavoisier's discovery transformed science and served as the cornerstone for contemporary chemistry.
Because naturally occurring elements are extremely stable under the circumstances present on the Earth's surface, the Law of Conservation of Mass is valid. The majority of elements are created in stars and supernovae through fusion processes. Therefore, atoms do not change into other elements during chemical reactions in the ordinary world of Earth, from the top of the tallest mountain to the bottom of the deepest ocean. As a result, each atom that makes up life and nonliving stuff is extremely old and has a past.
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What is the volume of each of the following at STP?
44.00 g N2
0.25 mol NH3
1. The volume of 44 g of N₂ at STP is 35.2 L
2. The volume of 0.25 mole of NH₃ at STP is 5.6 L
Volume of gas at STP1 mole of gas = 22.4 L
1. How to determine the volume of 44 g of N₂ at STP1 mole of N₂ = 22.4 L at STP
But
1 mole of N₂ = 28 g
Thus, we can say that,
28 g of N₂ = 22.4 L at STP
Therefore,
44 g of N₂ = (44 × 22.4 L) / 28 g
44 g of N₂ = 35.2 L
Thus, 44 g of N₂ has a volume of 35.2 L at STP
2. 1. How to determine the volume of 0.25 mole of NH₃ at STP1 mole of NH₃ = 22.4 L at STP
Therefore,
0.25 mole of NH₃ = (0.25 × 22.4 L) / 1 mole
0.25 mole of NH₃ = 5.6 L
Thus, 0.25 mole of NH₃ has a volume of 5.6 L at STP
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You have a solution of 0.250 M NaCl. If you boil away 2/3 of the volume of water, what is the concentration of this solution?
The concentration of the new solution, given that 2/3 of it's initial volume was boiled away is 0.758 M
We'll begin by obtaining the new volume of the solution.This can be obtained as follow:
Volume of stock solution (V₁) = 1 mL Volume of water boiled away = 2/3 = 0.67 mL Volume of new solution (V₂) = ?V₂ = 1 - 0.67
V₂ = 0.33 mL
How to determine the concentration of the new solutionThe concentration of the new solution can be obtained as follow:
Concentration of stock solution (M₁) = 0.250 MVolume of stock solution (V₁) = 1 mL Volume of new solution (V₂) = 0.33 mL Concentration of new solution (M₂) =?M₁V₁ = M₂V₂
0.250 × 1 = M₂ × 0.33
0.250 = M₂ × 0.33
Divide both side by 0.33
M₂ = 0.250 / 0.33
M₂ = 0.758 M
From the calculation made above, we can conclude that the concentration of the new solution is 0.758 M
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Balance the chemical equation below using the smallest possible whole number stoichiometric coefficients.
H₂(g) + P(s) → PH₂ (g)
If 0.2g of sulfur completely reacts with 0.2g of oxygen, what is the empirical formula of the oxide formed
The empirical formula of the oxide formed, given that 0.2 g of S reacts completely with 0.2 g of O is SO₂
The following data were obtained from the question:
Mass of sulphur (S) = 0.2 gMass of oxygen (O) = 0.2 gEmpirical formula =?How to determine the empirical formulaThe empirical formula of the oxide formed can be obtained as follow:
Divide by their molar mass
S = 0.2 / 32 = 0.00625
O = 0.2 / 16 = 0.0125
Divide by the smallest
S = 0.00625 / 0.00625 = 1
O = 0.0125 / 0.00625 = 2
From the calculations made above, we can conclude that the empirical formula of the oxide formed is SO₂
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Jacob has taken several crime scene photographs of different pieces of evidence. He has successfully tagged each photo. What information should NOT be included in his notes for these photographs?
A.
the date and time the photo was taken
B.
the approximate weight of each item
C.
the file name and exposure
D.
a description on the photo and scene
Answer:
Explanation:
B.
the approximate weight of each item
The approximate weight of each item should not be included in his notes for these photographs. So, the correct option is (B).
What are Evidences?Evidence is an object or type of information which is presented to make the existence of a fact more or less probable. This may take the form of testimony, documents, photographs, videos, voice recordings, DNA testing, or other tangible objects.
Evidence can be either direct or physical. As in direct evidence, seeing someone commit some crime is direct evidence whereas in physical evidence, any object or material related to the crime can be any tangible object, big or small.
Evidence can be in the form of photographs which are collected from crime scene in which the date and time of taking the photo, file name and exposure and description on the photo and scene should be mentioned. The pictures should not mention the approximate weight of each item.
Thus, the approximate weight of each item should not be included in his notes for these photographs. So, the correct option is (B).
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ion(s) with the same number of electrons as an atom of xenon
Answer:
Below
Explanation:
I1-
Te2-
Ba2+
Cs1+
9. Write the name of each of the following ionic
substances, using -ous or -ic endings to indicate
the charge of the cation.
a. CoCl2
b. CrBr3
c. PbO
d. SnO₂
e. Fe₂O3
f. FeCl3
The name of each of the following ionic substances , using -ous or -ic endings to indicate the charge of cation.
cationic name
(a) CoCl₂ Cobaltous chloride
(b) CrBr₃ Chromic Bromide
(c) PbO Plumbous oxide
(d) SnO₂ Stannic Oxide
(e) Fe₂O₃ Ferric oxide
(f) FeCl₃ Ferric Chloride
we use suffix -ous and -ic to represent the cation charges. it is called as cationic naming . we use -ic for greater charges (greater of 2 cation) and -ous suffix for the lower ones.
thus, the ionic compound s , cationic naming's are :
(a) CoCl₂ Cobaltous chloride
(b) CrBr₃ Chromic Bromide
(c) PbO Plumbous oxide
(d) SnO₂ Stannic Oxide
(e) Fe₂O₃ Ferric oxide
(f) FeCl₃ Ferric Chloride
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A radio station's channel, such as 100.7 FM or 92.3 FM, is actually its frequency in megahertz ( MHz M H z ), where 1MHz=106Hz 1 M H z = 10 6 H z and 1Hz=1s−1 1 H z = 1 s − 1 . Calculate the broadcast wavelength of the radio station 100.7 FM. Express your answer to four significant figures and include the appropriate units.
The broadcast wavelength of the radio station 100.7 FM is 2.979 m
Relationships between frequency and wavelengthThe frequency and wavelength of a wave are related according to the following equation
Velocity (v) = wavelength (λ) × frequency (f)
v = λf
With the above formula, we can obtain the wavelength. Details below.
From the question given above, the following data were obatained:
Frequency (f) = 100.7 MHz = 100.7×10⁶ HzVelocity (v) of radio waves = 3×10⁸ m/sWavelength (λ) = ?We can obtain the wavelength as follow:
v = λf
3×10⁸ = λ × 100.7×10⁶
Divide both sides by 100.7×10⁶
λ = 3×10⁸ / 100.7×10⁶
λ = 2.979 m
Thus, the wavelength of the radio station is 2.979 m
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a 5kg tub of ice cream is pulled across a table with a force of 40n caculate the accelartion of the object
The acceleration of an ice cream pulled across a table with a force of 40N is 8m/s².
How to calculate acceleration?The acceleration of a moving body can be calculated by dividing the force by the mass of the body as follows:
Acceleration = Force ÷ mass
According to this question, a 5kg of ice cream is pulled across a table with a force of 40N. The acceleration can be calculated as follows:
Acceleration = 40N ÷ 5kg
Acceleration = 8m/s²
Therefore, the acceleration of an ice cream pulled across a table with a force of 40N is 8m/s².
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A jeweler offers to sell you a ring he claims is pure palladium, which has a density of 12.02 g/mL. Before buying, you ask to test the jeweler’s claim. You find that the ring has a mass of 16.1 g, and when you add it to a graduated cylinder containing 10.2 mL of water, the volume rises to 12.1 mL. What volume of water (in mL) should be displaced by a 16.1 g ring of pure palladium?
The volume of water (in mL) that should be displaced by the 16.1 g ring of pure palladium is 1.3 mL
What is density?
The density of a substance is simply defined as the mass of the subtance per unit volume of the substance. Mathematically, it can be expressed as
Density = mass / volume
How to determine the volume of the water displacedWe can obtain the volume of water displaced by calculating the volume of the pure palladium ring. This is illustrated below:
Mass of palladium = 16.1 gDensity of palladium = 12.02 g/mLVolume of palladium =?Density = mass / volume
Cross multiply
Density × volume = mass
Divide both sides by density
Volume = mass / density
Volume of palladium = 16.1 / 12.02
Volume of palladium = 1.3 mL
Thus, the volume of water that should be displaced by the 16.1 g of pure palladium is 1.3 mL
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Calculate the [OH−] and the pH of a solution with an [H+]=0.00043 M at 25 °C .
The [OH] of the given solution is 0.000000000043652 M and the pH of the solution is equal to 3.36.
Given in the question
Concentration of the Hydronium Ion= [H+] = 0.00043 M
We know that,
pH is a figure that uses a logarithmic scale with 7 as neutral, where lower values are more acidic and higher values are more alkaline, to represent the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. The hydrogen ion concentration (c), expressed in moles per liter, determines the pH, which is equal to -log10(c).
So the pH of the given solution is
pH = -log10[0.00043]
pH = -(-3.36)
pH = 3.36
So the pH of the given solution is 3.36.
We know that at 25 °C, the sum of pH and pOH of the solution is equal to the 14
pH + pOH = 14
Put in the values, we get
3.36 + pOH = 14
pOH = 14 - 3.36
pOH = 10.64
Now, the pOH of the solution is given by -log10[OH].
Put in the values, we get
-log10[OH] = 10.36
Taking antilog on both sides, we get
[OH] = 0.000000000043652 M
Therefore, the [OH] = 0.000000000043652 M and pH = 3.36.
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4
A chemist encounters an unknown metal. They drop the metal into a
graduated cylinder containing water, and find the volume change is
6.1 mL. If the metal weighs 8.1 g, what is the density of the metal in
g/mL?
The Density of metal is 1.32 g/mL.
density is the mass of a material substance per unit volume. d = M/V, where d is density, M is mass, and V is volume, is the formula for density. Grams per cubic centimetre are a typical unit of measurement for density.Volume (V) is defined as mass divided by density (M/d). By multiplying a body's mass by the acceleration of gravity, one can get the weight of the object, which is typically more important practically than its mass.Despite the fact that the SI unit of density is kg/m3, we instead use g/cm3 for solids, g/ml for liquids, and g/L for gases out of convenience.Because various substances have varying densities, they weigh differently for a given volume.Given,
volume change observed by chemist when metal is dropped into the cylinder filled with water is 6.1 mL.
weight of metal is 8.1 g
we know that,
Density = mass / Volume
density = 8.1 / 6.1
Density = 1.32 g/mL
Hence, density of metal of mass 8.1 g is 1.32 g/mL
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Which substance is she most likely measuring?
The radioactive substance which she is most likely measuring is cobalt-60
The correct answer choice is c
From the analysis given, this means that Juliet is measuring cobalt-60 as it was decreasing in mass from 200g to 50g. In addition to this, it is a synthetic radioactive material.
What are radioactive substances?Radioactive substances are those substances which undergoes radioactive decay. That is, the nucleus of these materials changes from an unstable to stable form by disintegrating.
However, these substances usually, frequently and most of the time used for diagnosis and also treatment of diseases. They are also used to study certain structures in the thebody.
So therefore, the radioactive substance which she is most likely measuring is cobalt-60. The correct answer choice is c
Complete question:
Juliet started working with a radioactive substance. In 1997, she started with 200 g. When she measured again in 2002, she had 100 g left. In 2007, she had 50 g. Which substance is she most likely measuring?
A. rubidium-91
B. iodine-131
C. cobalt-60
D. carbon-14
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Which statement best describes the cart.
According to the question, the declaration that best illustrates the cart is as follows:
The cart migrates at a constant velocity of 0.5m/s for the entire 7 seconds.Thus, the correct option for this question is C.
What is velocity?Velocity may be defined as a type of vector quantity that significantly determines the rate of alteration of the position of an object with respect to time.
According to the context of this question, the cart was migrating at a persistent velocity as a straight line which is significantly mentioned in the graph given above.
The rate through which the location and position enhance is directly proportional to the time. For example, when time increases, the distance or position also increases. So, it was migrating at a persistent velocity.
Therefore, the correct option for this question is C.
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Pls help me with my chemistry
Answer: The answer for this question is 1.9 milliliters
Explanation: So the V=Bh and I substituted the v for 19.45 since they gave use the volume and the h for the amount water we have and then I divided in a calculator and 1.925742574 and then I rounded to the nearest tenth and got 1.9 cm^3
Hope this helps :D
Following is a list of observations from a chemistry laboratory. Place them in the appropriate category.
Evidence of a chemical change or no evidence of a chemical change
1Water boiling
2A candle being lit
3A white cloudy substance occurs after mixing two clear solutions.
Burning toast
4Yellow and blue paints mixed together
what volume of a 0.30 M solution of glucose contains 0.025 mol of glucose
Answer:
83 ML glucose
Explanation:
What mass in grams of nitric acid is required to react with 454g of C7H8
931 g of nitric acid is required to react with 454 g of C₇H₈ in the reaction between them.
What is stoichiometry ?It refers to the relation between the amount of reactants and products. It is a quantitative study concerned with mainly numbers.It helps in utilizing the balanced chemical equations for calculating the quantity of reactants and products.
The reaction between nitric acid and C₇H₈ takes place as follows:
C₇H₈+3 HNO₃ [tex]\rightarrow[/tex]C₇H₅N₃O₆+ 3 H₂O
1 mole of C₇H₈ reacts with 3 moles of nitric acid .454 g of C₇H₈ are converted to moles using molar mass and then it's related with moles of C₇H₈ and moles of nitric acid .Then, the moles of nitric acid are converted to grams
454 g C₇H₈×1 mole C₇H₈/92.14 g ×3 moles nitric acid/1 mole C₇H₈×63.01 g nitric acid/ 1 mole nitric acid=931 g
Thus, 931 g of nitric acid is required to react with 454 g C₇H₈.
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answer.
Based on this chart, which City Experiences a polar climate? Each city is in a different climate zone.
City Average Annual Precipitation (mm) Average Annual Temperature (°F)
City A
600
117
City B
11
78
City C
40
55
City D
10
15
City E
256
100
A.
city A
B.
city B
C.
city C
D.
city D
E.
city E
Answer:
It should be city c.
Explanation:
The participation in a polar climate would have to be high, while the annual temp should be lower than many other options.
City c will experiences a polar climate. Therefore, the correct option is option C among all the given options.
What is climate?Climate is a region's averaged long-term weather pattern over a period of time, usually 30 years. More precisely, it is the average and variation of climatic variables over a period of time that can range from a few months to many millions of years. Temperature, humidity.
In a larger sense, climate refers to the interactions between the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere, which together make up the climate system. A location's latitude, longitude, topography, altitude, land use, and proximity to water bodies & their currents all have an impact on the climate there. City c will experiences a polar climate.
Therefore, the correct option is option C.
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Why are all average atomic masses found as decimals?
Using your knowledge we did average explain how it is used to determine average atomic masses
Answer:
Many of the atomic masses listed on the periodic table are decimal values because it's the weighted average mass of all of the isotopes of that element. The mass of each isotope of an element is multiplied by its percent abundance in nature
The unbalanced reaction for the combustion of pentane (C5H12) is:
C5H12 + O2
CO₂ + H₂O
If the molar mass of pentane is 72 g/mol, how many kilograms of carbon dioxide will be created
when 8.46 kilograms of pentane combust? (Give your answer to the second decimal place)
The number of kilograms of carbon dioxide will be created when 8.46 kilograms of pentane combust correct to two decimal places is 25.85 kg
The balanced reaction for the combustion of pentane is as follows;
C5H12+8O2→6H2O+5CO2.
Molar mass of pentane is 72 g/mol
No of moles = 8460/72= 117.5 mol
We get 5 moles CO2 from 1 mole pentane
so the moles of CO2 are 5x117.5=587.5 mol
Mass of carbon dioxide will be 587.5x44= 25.85 kg or 25850 g
The number of moles is given mass by molecular mass.Combustion takes place in presence of oxygen and always gives carbon dioxide and water.To learn more about combustion visit:
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When do we consider that material or object useful
Useful material means material that still has useful physical, chemical, or biological properties after serving its original purpose(s) or function(s), and which, when separated from solid waste, is suitable for use in the same or other purpose(s).
Diethyl ether is produced from ethanol according to the following equation:
2CH3CH2OH(l) → CH3CH2OCH2CH3(l) + H2O(l)
What mass of ether will be produced is 207 g of ethanol reacts with a 66.7 percent yield?
The mass of ether produced is 111.5 g.
What is the mass produced?Let us recall that a chemical reaction is said to have occurred when there is an interaction between reactants that leads to the formation of products. Usually, a given percentage of the reactants is always converted into products.
Now;
2[tex]CH_{3} CH_{2} OH[/tex](l) → [tex]CH_{3} CH_{2}OCH_{2}CH_{3}[/tex](l) + [tex]H_{2} O[/tex](l)
Number of moles of ethanol reacted = 207 g /46 g/mol
= 4.5 moles
If 2 mole of ethanol produced 1 mole of diethyl ether
4.5 moles of ethanol produced 4.5 moles * 1 mole/2 mole
= 2.25 moles
Theoretical yield of diethyl ether = 2.25 moles * 74 g/mol = 166.5 g
We now have to find the actual yield hence;
66.7 = actual yield /166.5 * 100
actual yield = 66.7 * 166.5/100
= 111.5 g
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A rectangular block has dimensions 2.9 cm ✕ 2.0 cm ✕ 10.0 cm. The mass of the block is 695.0 g.
The volume of the given rectangular block with dimensions 2.9cm * 2.0cm * 10.0cm is 58cm3. The Density of the rectangular block is calculated to be 11.98 g/cm3.
The term volume refers to the quantity of three-dimensional space filled by an item.
The mass contained in a material for a given volume is referred to as its density.
The volume of a rectangular block formula is = L * W * H
Where
L is the block's length
The width of the block is denoted by W.
H is the block's height.
Given,
The rectangular block's dimensions are as follows
L=2.9cm
W=3.5cm
H= 10.0cm
Volume = L * W * H
= 2.9*3.5*10.0
Volume = 58cm3
Now, Density = Mass/ volume
Given, Mass = 695g
Density = 695/ 58
Density = 11.98 g/cm3
Disclaimer: As the question was incomplete, the complete question is :
A rectangular block has dimensions 2.9 cm × 3.5 cm × 10.0 cm. The mass of the block is 615.0 g. What is the volume of the block?
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