Which of the following groups/families has an oxidation number/charge of -1?

The cell potential at 250c for the following galvanic cell

pb(s)|pb2 (1.0m)||cu2 (1.0 x 10-4 m)|cu(s)

is 0.345V.

It is a device that is used for the conversion of the electrical energy of the redox reactions into a chemical energy.

The reaction in which reduction and oxidation reaction both take place in the reaction is known as redox reaction.

Oxidation reaction are those reaction in which compound or substance looses its electron. In this type of reaction, oxidation state of an element increasing.

Reduction reaction are those reaction in which compound or substance accept the electron. In this type of reaction, oxidation state of an element goes on decreasing.

Reaction at cathode:

Cu+2 + 2e ------ Cu E°(anode) = -0. 126V

Reaction at anode:

pb ------- pb(+2) + 2e E°(cathode) = 0.337

E°cell = -0.126 -0.337

= -0.463V.

As we know that,

E cell = E°cell -0.059/2(log([cathode]/[anode])

= -0.463 - (0.059/2) × (-4)

= -0.463 + 0.118

= 0.345V

Thus, we concluded that the cell potential at 250c for the following galvanic cell

pb(s)|pb2 (1.0m)||cu2 (1.0 x 10-4 m)|cu(s)

is 0.345V.

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The empirical formula of the compound is Fe2O3 and its name is Iron(III) oxide or ferric oxide.

The oxide of iron has 70% of iron by mass.

This means that in every 100 grams of this oxide,70 grams is of iron and the other 30 grams are of oxygen.

To calculate the empirical formula, we have to first find the number of moles of iron and oxygen by dividing the given mass by their molar mass.

Moles of iron = 70/56 = 1.25 moles

Moles of oxygen = 30/16 = 1.875 moles

Now we need to divide the moles of iron and oxygen by the lowest common number i.e. 1.25

Moles of iron/1.25 = 1.25/1.25 = 1

Moles of oxygen/1.25 = 1.875/1.25 = 1.5

The ratio of iron(Fe): to oxygen(O) comes out to be 1:1.5.

Hence, we should multiply this ratio by 2 to get a whole number.

The ratio of Fe:O comes out to be 2:3.

Thus, the empirical formula of the compound is Fe2O3 and its name is Iron(III) oxide or ferric oxide.

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If you see the nuclide notation of uranium (u).

The letter in the mid is the symbol of the element.

The number in the bottom left corner is atomic number (Tells you the number of protons)

The number on the upper left corner is the mass number (equal to the mass number ; = the neutrons and protons added together)

At the last, the charge is on the upper right corner, if there is no +ve and -ve symbol then the charge is neutral.

To find the number of neutrons, protons and electron :

1. No. of protons = Atomic Number (Z)

2. No. of neutrons = Mass number (A) - Atomic number(Z)

3. No. of electrons = Atomic number - Charge

To find the charge it is find by the periodic table suppose group 1 alkali metals have +1 charge and in the same way group 16 -2 charge .

Uranium is a radioactive element and hence it is an alpha particle and hence it has a positive charge.

There are many radioactive element who are alpha particles like thorium and plutonium. Beta particles have negative charge.

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A yellow-gold sphere has a mass of 15.2 g when passes in the orange liquid with volume 43 mL

Density= mass/volume

Density = 15.2 g/ 43mL

Density = 0.35 g/mL

Question is to find density

AlT₂B₂ (where T=Fe, Mn, Cr) and AlFe₂₋ₓMnₓB₂ were formed by a technique referred to as arc-melting.

By victimization arc melting to form the quaternary phases AlFe2-xMnxB2 and therefore the ternary phases AlT2B2 (T=Fe, Mn, Cr), these materials are studied and represented.

AlT₂B₂ (where T=Fe, Mn, Cr) and AlFe₂₋ₓMnₓB₂ were formed by a technique referred to as arc-melting.

AlMn₂B₂ and AlCr₂B₂ don't carries with it any form of magnetic ordering.

Nonmagnetic and magnetic attraction cluster in AlFe₂–xMnₓB₂.Ferromagnetism is suppressed by weakening of antibonding T–T interactions.The third phases AlT₂B₂(whereT=Fe, Mn, Cr) and fourth phases AlFe₂–xMnₓB₂ that are shaped by Arc-Melting and powder by X-ray diffraction.

The activity of magnet tells that AlFe₂B₂ could be a ferromagnet with Tₓ=282 K. AlMn₂B₂ and AlCr₂B₂ don't show any form of magnetic ordering within the studied of temperature vary of one.8–400 K.A systematic investigation of solid solutions AlFe₂−xMnxB₂ showed a non-linear modification. The magnetic attraction ordering temperature is step by step small because the content of Mn will increase.Calculation of Quantum chemical and crystal orbital Hamilton population analysis provides a transparent rationalization of the excellence in properties of series of compounds.

Thus, we are able to say that, AlT₂B₂ (where T=Fe, Mn, Cr) and AlFe₂₋ₓMnₓB₂ were ready by a technique referred to as arc-melting.

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The liquid with a total mass of 88.30 grams and a volume of 165.0 milliliters has a density of: 0.5351 g/ml

To solve this problem the formula and the procedure that we have to use  is:

d = m/v

Where:

Information about the problem:

Applying the density  formula we get:

d = m/v

d = 88.30 g/165.0 ml

d = 0.5351 g/ml

It is a physical quantity that expresses the ratio of the body mass to the volume it occupies.

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17.85 mL of 3.0 M stock solution of nitric acid is needed to make a 150 mL 0.357 M nitric acid.

The dilution of a stock solution can be solved by using the formula below, which indicates that the concentration of the solution changes but the number of moles of the solute remains the same.

(concentration of stock solution)(volume of stock solution) = (concentration of diluted solution)(volume of diluted solution)

Given:

(3.0 M)(volume of stock solution)=(0.357 M)(150 mL)

volume of stock solution = [(0.357 M)(150 mL)] / (3.0 M)

volume of stock solution = 17.85 mL

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Amount of water form will be 2.925 gram

2H2 + O2 -------> 2H2O

4 gram + 32 gram 36 gram

2 moles + 1 mole 2 mole

Moles = Given mass/molar mass

Moles of Oxygen = 2.6 gram/32gram = 0.08 moles

Moles of Hydrogen = 3.5 gram/2 gram = 1.75 moles

Here, we can see that Oxygen moles are less than Hydrogen moles so it is the limiting reagent and it will determine how much water will be formed

The substance that is entirely consumed at the end of the chemical reaction is known as the limiting reagent. This limiting reagent is required for the reaction to proceed since it limits the amount of product that can be produced.

32 gram of O2 produces water = 36 gram

1 gram of O2 produces water = 36/32 = 1.12 gram

2.6 gram of O2 produces water = 1.12 x 2.6 = 2.925 gram

Hence, amount of water form will be 2.925 gram

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Answer:

•Melting of solid ice

• Evaporation of liquid

• Sublimation of solid cheese

since we don’t know the examples I can’t really answer your question but I can say a physical change alters the form or appearance of matter but doesn’t turn any substance in the matter into a different substance once you provide me with the examples I’ll let you know ok

KMnO4; NaMnO4; LiMnO4

FeO ; FeCl2; FeS ; FeSO4

HBrO3; KBrO3; NaBrO3; LiBrO3

PbO2; PbS2; Pb(SO4)2; Pb(CO3)2

Ionic compounds are made up of charged particles called ions, which are created when an atom (or group of atoms) gains or loses an electron. An ion is classified as either positively or negatively charged depending on its charge.

Chemical formulas for compounds that simply specify the proportions of the elements they contain rather than the exact number or arrangement of atoms are known as empirical formulas. The element in the compound with the lowest whole number ratio would be this one.

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Answer:

either (a) or (b)

The charge on histone octamer at ph7 is +146.

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Substance X - compound because it is a combination of elements

Substance Y - Mixture because it is a  combination of substances

Substances Z - Element because it contains atoms

Substance T -   compound because it is a combination of elements

We know that an atom is the smallest particle of a substance that can take part in a chemical reaction. A compound is formed by a mixture of atoms. An element is obtained as the smallest independent part of a substance.

Now let use classify the samples shown in the images attached.

Substance X - compound because it is a combination of elements

Substance Y - Mixture because it is a  combination of substances

Substances Z - Element because it contains atoms

Substance T -   compound because it is a combination of elements

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The balanced chemical equation is CaCO3---> CaO+CO2 and the mass of the used limestone is 5.0 kg

The heating of limestone yields calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. It is a decomposition reaction.

The reaction is as follows;

CaCO3---> CaO+CO2

According to the law of conservation of mass, mass is conserved in a reaction,

So the mass of limestone used will be (2.8+2.2=5.0 kg)

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Answer:

Explanation:

in metal IE 1 < IE 2 < IE 3. why

Answer:

The reason why solids and liquids can't compress is because there  is no space between the individual particles, so they cannot pack together

Explanation:

The kinetic-molecular theory explains why gases are more compressible than either liquids or solids. Gases are compressible because most of the volume of a gas is composed of the large amounts of empty space between the gas particles.

Properties that cannot be observed are due to the structure of atoms and molecules that can be observed.

The correct option is True.

A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds.

It is true that properties that cannot be observed are due to the structure of  the atoms and molecules of that matter.

Physical properties are often referred to as those properties we can observe with our eyes.

Molecules made up of two or more elements are called compounds Example of molecules includes water, calcium oxide, glucose etc.  

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The solubility product is 4n³.

The equilibrium constant for a solid's dissolving into an aqueous solution is called the solubility product constant. It is represented as K(sp).

A solution is said to be saturated when it has dissolved all of the solutes it can. At a certain temperature, no additional solute can dissolve in a saturated solution.

Consider the equilibrium for a saturated PbCl₂ aqueous solution.

PbCl₂(s) ⇄⇄ Pb₂ (aq) + 2Cl⁻ (aq)

The equilibrium constant for the dissociation reaction of the PbCl₂ solution is:

K(sp) = [Pb²⁺] [Cl⁻]²

Now, [Pb²⁺] = n mol/L

In the solution, there is one-mole Pb²⁺ and two moles of Cl⁻ .

Therefore,

[Cl⁻] = 2n mol/L

So, the equilibrium constant for the dissociation reaction will be:

K(sp) = [Pb²⁺] [Cl⁻]²

K(sp) = n × (2n)²

K(sp) = n × 2n × 2n

K(sp) = 4n³

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Iron l is said to have a high permeability. High coercivity, high retentivity, and high permeability materials make up the permanent magnets. An object made of a substance that has been magnetized and produces its own persistent magnetic field is referred to as a permanent magnet.

In contrast to an electromagnet, which is made of a coil of the wire wrapped around a ferrous core and needs an electric current to create a magnetic field, a permanent magnet's magnetism is "always on" and it creates its own permeability magnetic field. A common example is a refrigerator magnet used to the keep notes on the door of the refrigerator.

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The reason why this small change between Neon and sodium cause a very big effect is simply because neon is a noble gas with an octet structure in its electronic configuration while sodium is an alkali metal which is univalent electropositive element.

However, despite the fact that these two different elements has a difference of one electron in their outermost shell, yet they individually carry and posses very powerful electronic structure due to their position in the periodic table which makes them react differently

An element can simply be a chemical substance which cannot be split into simpler forms by an ordinary chemical process.

Consider the following differences between Neon and sodium in the periodic table:

So therefore, the reason why this small change between Neon and sodium cause a very big effect is simply because neon is a noble gas with an octet structure in its electronic configuration while sodium is an alkali metal which is univalent electropositive element.

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Titanium (Ti,) atoms bond with Oxygen (O,) atoms. covalent type of bond  hold them together.

An electron exchange that results in the formation of electron pairs between atoms is known as a covalent bond.

When atoms share electrons, a permanent equilibrium of the attractive and repulsive forces between them is known as covalent bonding.

These electron pairs are referred to as shared pairs or bonding pairs.

Thus ,Titanium (Ti,) atoms bond with Oxygen (O,) atoms. covalent type of bond  hold them together.

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Answer:

A half life is the amount of time it takes for half of a mass of a given radioactive element to decay to something else. 36 days is 4 1/2 life cycles, so by running  1/2*4  , we get how much of the original substance would be left. That would be 1/16 of the original substance left.

Explanation:

Of course, this is not always perfect, and can vary. In addition, if less than 16 atoms of the original substance are present, there is instead a  1/16∗a  chance of at least one remaining.

The amount of substance left after 39 days will be 1/16th of the original amount.

The half-life period of the radioactive material can be defined as the time required to reduce its actual amount to half after disintegration. The half-life period of a radioactive substance is independent of the initial amount of the substance.

Consider that N₀ is the initial amount of the substance

Consider that 'n' is the number of half-lives of given substance.

The time for which substance decay, t = 36 days

Half-life of substance (t½) =  9 days

t = n ×t½

36 = n × 9

n = 4 days

Assume that N is the amount of the substance after decay for 39 days.

N ×2⁴ = N₀

N × 16 = N₀

N = N₀/16

Therefore, one-sixteenth of the initial amount of the substance will be left after 39 days.

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Solution a is more basic.

Basic solutions are those solutions whose pH is greater than 7.

The pH of a solution is calculated or determined by the hydrogen ion concentration of the solution. The relation between pH of a solution and the hydrogen ion concentration in it is given by :

pH = -log[ H+]

From this relation we can conclude that if the hydrogen ions concentration in a solution is more , the value of pH will become lower.

For Solution a, the pH is given by :

pH(a) = -log [ 3.2 x 10^-9 ] = 8.4948 ≅ 8.5

For Solution b, the pH is given by :

pH(b) = -log [ 9 x 10^-5 ] = 4.04 ≅ 4

Since the pH of solution b is lower than the pH of solution a , solution a is more basic than solution b. Moreover, the pH of solution a is approximately 8.5 which makes it a moderately strong basic solution.

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Answer:

Together, the number of protons and the number of neutrons determine an element's mass number: mass number = protons + neutrons.

The concentration of a basic solution is determined by the degree of dissociation of base molecules in solution (option B).

A basic solution is an aqueous solution containing more OH-ions than H+ions.

In other words, a basic solution can be said to be an aqueous solution with a pH greater than 7, which is the neutral range.

The concentration of a basic solution is a function of the OH- ions in the solution. Therefore, the concentration of a basic solution is determined by the degree of dissociation of base molecules in solution.

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Rutherford conclusion was: Inside of the gold atom consists of empty spaces.

Rutherford theorized that atoms have their charge concentrated in a very small nucleus.

This was famous Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment: he bombarded thin foil of gold with positive alpha particles (helium atom particles, consist of two protons and two neutrons).

Rutherford observed the deflection of alpha particles on the photographic film and notice that most of alpha particles passed straight through foil.

That is different from Plum Pudding model, because it shows that most of the atom is empty space.

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The solubility of water is useful in maintaining various life processes because its capability to dissolve a variety of molecules.

Water is a “universal" solvent.

The ability of water to function as a versatile solvent arise from the structure of water molecules are because:

Water molecules form hydrogen bonds with atoms that are part of polar covalent bonds other molecules.

Water's versatility as solvent arises from the polar covalent bonds of water molecules.

Hydrogen bond is an electrostatic attraction between two polar groups that occurs when a hydrogen atom (H), covalently bound to a highly electronegative atom such as flourine (F), oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) atoms.

In water, atoms of hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) are connected by polar covalent bonds.

Covalent bond is bond between nonmetals. Hydrogen and oxygen are nonmetals.

Solvation is the interaction of solvent (water) with molecules or ions (for example K⁺ and I⁻) in a solute.

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