Rates of oxygen consumption were lower than rates of photosynthesis. As there is more oxygen in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide, photosynthesis happens more quickly than oxygen is used up.
The most advanced life on earth would have been green microbial slime without oxygen, according to research author David Catling. Fortunately, some bacteria were able to split water into hydrogen and oxygen in the early oceans. In fact, photosynthetic organisms still undergo this separation today.
They use the sun's energy to split the molecules of water, using the hydrogen they release as a byproduct to make organic compounds like carbohydrates.
According to conventional thinking, enormous amounts of this hydrogen-rich organic waste eventually became buried under the ground, allowing oxygen to build up in the atmosphere.
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describe the motion of fluid as it transfers energy.
There is little sunlight at high latitudes during the winter, so few crops can grow even if temperatures are regulated. to address this problem, special lamps can be used in greenhouses. these lamps allow plants to grow during the winter months. scientific knowledge of which topic was necessary to solve this problem? the temperature that promotes the fastest growth in plants the colors of light that plants require for photosynthesis the frequencies of light that cause the least water loss in growing plants the amount of heat generated by artificial lamps
There is little sunlight at high latitudes during the winter, so few crops can grow even if temperatures are regulated. To address this problem, special lamps can be used in greenhouses. These lamps allow plants to grow during the winter months. The scientific knowledge of the topic 'the colors of light that plants require for photosynthesis' was necessary to solve this problem.
The plants only use a specific wavelength or color of light from the sunlight, whereas the rest of the light is reflected back and is not used. The specific wavelengths that are required by green plants for photosynthesis are present in violet and red light.
However, red light does not have energy hence it is the violet light that is most actively involved in the process of photosynthesis.
In the scenario above, although moderate temperatures were provided to plants at high altitudes, they couldn't get enough wavelengths from sunlight that were required for photosynthesis. The usage of specific lamps allowed them to filter colors and use the ones that were needed for photosynthesis.
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Gabe just won the lottery after ten years of consistently buying a ticket every friday. based on his initial reaction of feeling joyful, what might happen to gabe’s cortisol level within his body? a. cortisol level would interfere with insulin production b. there would be no change in level of cortisol c. cortisol level would most likely increase d. cortisol level would most likely decrease please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Gabe just won the lottery after ten years of consistently buying a ticket every Friday. Based on his initial reaction of feeling joyful, d. cortisol level would most likely decrease within his body.
In the field of science, the cortisol hormone is widely known as the 'stress hormone'. It is the hormone that is constantly released when a person is under stress.
When there is a constant fear or stress situation, the amygdala responds by sending stress signals to the hypothalamus part of the brain. As a result of this, the sympathetic nervous system is activated which is known for fight or flight response. The sympathetic nervous system as a result activates a variety of hormones and systems to overcome stress conditions. The adrenal cortex releases cortisol in response to this continued stress so that the body can stay alert.
As the stress level of Gabe is decreasing due to his joy of winning the lottery, hence the cortisol level is also decreasing in his body.
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All scientific research involves experiments true or false
Answer:
This is very true
Explanation:
Answer:
This is very true
Explanation:
put the following events associated with thyroid hormone production and release in the correct sequential order. metabolism is regulated. iodine is concentrated by the thyroid gland. thyroxine and triiodothyronine are produced. iodine is combined with the amino acid tyrosine.
The correct sequential order of thyroid hormone production is: (2) iodine is concentrated by the thyroid gland. → (4) iodine is combined with the amino acid tyrosine. (3) thyroxine and triiodothyronine are produced. (1) metabolism is regulated.
Thyroid hormone is responsible for regulating the body's metabolism and growth. The production of the thyroid hormone is regulated by the hypothalamus. There are two thyroid hormones: thyroxine and triiodothyronine.
Iodine is a chemical element essential to maintain various body functions. The production of thyroid hormones is greatly dependent on the presence of iodine. Foods rich in iodine are: dairy products, eggs, chicken, etc.
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Bernard wants to find out how the behavior of elephants in a zoo differs from the behavior of elephants in the wild.
What sort of study would be best for Bernard to do?
A.
an experimental study with only one independent variable
B.
an experimental study with two independent variables
C.
an observational study in a zoo and in the wild
D.
an observational study in a zoo only
The study to find out how the behavior of elephants in a zoo differs from the behavior in the wild should be an observational study in a zoo and in the wild (Option C).
What is an observational study?An observational study is any type of scientific investigation that involves collecting many different data by observational procedures instead of experimentation.
In conclusion, The study to find out how the behavior of elephants in a zoo differs from the behavior in the wild should be an observational study in a zoo and in the wild (Option C).
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Which of the following is not a part of the cell theory?
Cells come from existing cells
cells are non-living units that make up organisms
Ocells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms
all living things are made of cells
Answer: cells are non-living units that make up organism
for thousands of years, clams have been dug up along the beaches of california for food, first by native americans, and these days by tourists. today, the clam population is at an all-time low, and many scientists agree that several species of clams will inevitably become extinct in california. dr. clay, a marine biologists, believes that ddt (a pesticide) dumped into the ocean during the 1950’s and 60’s could be another factor in the dramatic decrease in the clam population.
The questions with proper answers related to this decrease in clam population are:
Name the person who came up with the phrase "Tragedy of the Commons" and define it.
The situation in which individuals use a common resource for their own personal gain is what we called as "Tragedy of the Commons" , The person who came with this phrase is Garrett Hardin.
Describe why the clam population collapse might be viewed as an instance of a tragedy of the commons.
The tourists began to use the resource for their own pleasure and attraction to California, and started to overusing it this is why clam population collapse should be viewed as an instance of a tragedy of the commons.
Determine AND explain two methods that could be employed to avoid any population loss in clams brought on by a tragedy of the commons.
Two methods could be: put a limit on the amount of clam that can be dug up, and factor in the environmental costs to the price of the clam.
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The rna transcript being produced by the rna polymerase is complementary to the template strand of the dna. True or false?.
Answer: True
Explanation:
trust me
The Canadian goose flies south for the winter to avoid the extreme cold. Which characteristic of life does this behavior best illustrate?
response
growth and development
cellular organization
metabolism
The characteristic of life that the behavior of the Canadian goose that flies south for the winter to avoid the extreme cold illustrates is response.
Which characteristic of life does the behavior of the Canadian goose that flies south for the winter to avoid the extreme cold illustrate?The characteristics of life are those characteristics or attributes that living things possess.
The characteristics of living things include the following:
Movement RespirationNutritionResponseGrowth and developmentExcretionReproductionCellular organizationMetabolismResponse is the ability of an organism to respond to changes in its internal or external environment.
Therefore, the movement of the Canadian goose to the south for the winter to avoid extreme cold is an example of response.
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Draw one lipid monomer and explain why they don't polymerize
A lipid does not polymerize because it consists of fatty acids and glycerol.
What are lipids?Lipids are the type of compound that are formed from the combination of glycerol (propane- 1,2,3- triol) and three fatty acids. This implies that the term lipid is a sort of an ester. The base is the glycerol which is a trihydric alkanol and is capable of combining with three molecules of fatty acids.
We can see that what we have in lipids is in fact not a polymer but just a chemical reaction that coupled the three hydroxyl groups of glycerol to the same or different fatty acids.
As such, the lipid molecule does not polymerize as you can see from the image that is attached to this answer.
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You are looking at onion cells under an microscope and wants to khow hoow big the cells really are you mesuare the size of the cells as it appears and find out that it mesuares 20mm with a magnification of a x1000 work out the actual sixe of the cell
The actual size of the onion cells under microscope is 0.02 mm
Magnification = Image / Actual
Image= 20 mm
Actual= x mm
1000x = 20 mm/ x mm
Actual = 0.02mm
Magnification is the number of times a picture is magnified in comparison to the actual size of the thing. The overall magnification of a microscope is determined by the eyepieces and the objective lens. A biological microscope with 10x eyepieces and a 50x objective, for example, has a magnification of 500x. Hence, the actual size of the onion cells is 0.02 mm, when placed under a microscope with a 1000x magnification it image size now becomes 20 mm.
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What term is used to describe public/private partnerships, such as the liverpool direct call center, that brings together private sector systems and technology expertise with public sector services and values?.
Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) is used to describe public/private partnerships, such as the Liverpool direct call center, that brings together private sector systems and technology expertise with public sector services and values.
The public-private partnership can be described as a partnership that a government makes with a specific private organization in order to benefit the public.
A public-private partnership helps the government in finding a specialized private company that will work best for a certain public issue such as technology, transportation betterment, or social service. The government then collaborates with the private organization so that better outcomes for the public are provided.
The Liverpool direct call center is an example of a public-private partnership in which expert technological services are provided by the private sector so that services of the public sector can be enhanced.
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A measurement of a liquids resistance to flow is known as __________?
Answer:
Viscosity
Explanation:
A fluid with low viscosity flows easily because its molecular makeup results in very little friction when it is in motion.
Suppose actively dividing eukaryotic cells were treated with a chemical that blocks the activity of the enzyme telomerase. What would happen to these cells?.
If actively dividing eukaryotic cells were treated with a chemical that blocks the activity of the enzyme telomerase, then these cells would lose DNA at the ends of the chromosomes over many generations.
Telomerase are enzymes that play a major role in maintaining the proper chromosomal length of chromosomes. They help in the formation of telomers which are repetitive sequences found at the end of each chromosome. This unique repetitive sequence helps in keeping the chromosomes intact.
If the activity of telomerase will be blocked, telomers will not be able to form. Due to this, sections of DNA will be continuously lost from the chromosomes as there will be no telomers at the end. As more and more DNA will be lost, the integrity of the chromosomes will not be maintained.
Without telomerase, the ends of the DNA will also not be able to replicate. Hence, causing DNA to be lost over many generations.
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Which two of these characteristics does an organism with bilateral symmetry possess?
Answer:
Bilateral symmetry requires a central axis for there to be two halves. In addition, this type of symmetry requires a head, which will encounter the environment before any other part of the body and move in the direction of travel. Most animals exhibit this characteristic.
Explanation:
Dialysis tubing was filled with a 25% glucose and 2% starch solution. This was then placed in a beaker filled with water. Glucose is able to pass through the membrane of the dialysis tubing, while starch cannot. Which of the following best predicts what will happen over time?
*please give an explanation or don't bother answering*
Water and glucose will both leave the dialysis tubing
Water will enter the dialysis tubing while glucose will leave
Water will leave the dialysis tubing while glucose will enter
Water and glucose will both enter the dialysis tubing
Answer:Water and glucose
Explanation: because they will both leave the dislysis tubing
Answer:
Water and glucose
Explanation:
Because they will both leave the dialysis tubing
The length of an Earth year is based on Earth's
a. rotation of 15 degrees/hour
b. revolution of 15 degrees/hour
c. rotation of approximately 1 degree/day
d. revolution of approximately 1 degree/day
Answer:D
Explanation:
Does osmosis require the use of energy to transport water across a cell membrane?.
No. Osmosis does not require any energy to transport water across a cell membrane.
What is osmosis?Osmosis is the process of moving solvents over a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower to greater solute concentration.
Osmosis is the transfer of water molecules through the partially permeable membrane of a cell from a solution with a high concentration of water molecules to a solution with a lower concentration of water molecules.
Only specific molecules or ions are able to pass through partially permeable or selectively permeable membranes.
Osmotic pressure is the amount of external pressure needed to be applied in order to prevent any net solvent migration across the membrane.
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Fill in the blank
According to biologists _____ millions different species have been identified, but ____ of millions remain to be discovered. And _______________ new species are discovered every year.
Answer:
According to biologists 1.2 millions different species have been identified, but 8.7 of millions remain to be discovered. And 18,000 new species are discovered every year.
Explanation:
Hope it helped!
The diagram illustrates the movement of molecules through a cell membrane.
What process is being used by the cell to move the molecules?
osmosis
osmosis
endocytosis
endocytosis
active transport
active transport
facilitated diffusion
The process that is being used by the cell to move the molecules is facilitated diffusion.
What is facilitated diffusion?Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport in which a molecule passes through the biological membrane by means of proteins that are in the cell membrane. This transport will be in favor of the concentration gradient, so there will be no need to spend energy to make it go against the gradient.
It is said that it is a facilitated diffusion since there will be a channel that allows this passage, since it will not be able to pass through the membrane, either because of the electric charge of the molecule or because of its size.
Therefore, we can confirm that the process that is being used by the cell to move the molecules is facilitated diffusion.
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How do cells deal with mutations?
Cells deal with mutations by minimising the incidence of mutation through the DNA-repair enzymes.
What is mutation?Mutation is defined as the changes or the alterations that occur during replication of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) leading to production of a faulty DNA sequence in cells of living organisms.
Examples of mutation include the following:
Substitution mutation,Insertion mutation,Deletion mutation,Inversion mutation.When mutation occurs in the cells of a living organism, another process is being enhanced to limit the on going mutation in the cells.
One of the process is the production of DNA-repair enzymes which acts by minimising the number of mutations that occurs.
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A scientist compares the plasma membrane composition of an animal from the mediterranean coast with one from the mojave desert. Which hypothesis is most likely to be correct?.
The cells from the Mediterranean animal will have a low cholesterol concentration in the plasma membranes to the animal from mojave deserts.
The environment is the reason for the validity of this hypothesis. The animal in the Mojave Desert lives in a hot climate, but the animal on the Mediterranean coast lives in a cold climate. The plasma membrane is frequently impacted by temperature because it is composed of phospholipids with a hydrophobic internal fatty acid chain and hydrophilic ends. So, fluid changes inside plasma membranes occur in these ways. The first is the temperature. Plasma membranes will become less fluid as temperatures drop, as the components of the membranes become more firmly packed together. They will normally become more fluid as the temperature rises.
Another consideration is the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids. Plasma membrane membranes are found in the hydrophobic fatty acid chains. If these fatty acids are saturated, their chains will be straight, and at cooler temperatures, they will compress together limiting fluidity. These chains, however, will have kinks if they are unsaturated. And at lower temperatures, the gaps between these kinks caused by air will keep them fluid. Thus, cholesterol concentration is high in animals of hot temperature because they are not packed but free to move and are saturated.
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What are reactants in a chemical reaction?
A.substances that are formed by reactions
B.outputs
C.inputs
D.substances that speed up reactions
Answer:
A reactant is a substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction .
i will go for A
Answer:
C
Explanation:
All cells must carry out three basic functions to grow and pass on life. How do cells perform these three basic functions?
Answer:
cells are the basic building block of all living things
Explanation:they provide structure, protection, support for the body by taking nutrients from food, convert those nutrients into energy.
it facilitates growth by mitosis
Cells carry out three basic functions to grow and pass on life. Cells divide by the process of meiosis and to carry out these functions they require minerals and energy in the form of ATP.
What are basic functions of cells?The basic functions of cells is to provide the structure for the body, taking in of the nutrients from the food we eat, conversion of the nutrients into energy, and carrying out the specialized functions.
Cells carry out many different basic functions which are needed to sustain life. Cells grow and divide, to produce many more cells which performs the exact functions. This requires the uptake of nutrients which are used up by the cells to provide energy for the work that cells perform and to make the materials which a cell or an organism needs to function properly.
Cells divide by the process of mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is the equational division which occurs in all types of cells whereas meiosis occurs in the germ cells only.
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Some of the endoplasmic reticulum appears rough because……
O large proteins are attached to its surface
O it is still in the process of formation
O ribosomes are attached to the surface
O it is digesting molecules
Answer:
Ribosomes are attached to the surface
The cutaneous glands concerned with cooling the body are __________ glands. question 2 options:
a. sebaceous
b. apocrine
c. eccrine
d. ceruminous
e. exothermic
Sebaceous glands are the cutaneous glands concerned with cooling the body. So the correct option is A.
What are sebaceous glands?Sebaceous glands are tiny oil-producing glands found in animal skin. Typically linked to hair follicles, sebaceous glands secrete a fatty substance called sebum into the follicular duct, which subsequently travels to the skin's surface. Excluding the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet, the glands are found all over the body, although they are most prevalent on the scalp and face.
The sebaceous gland releases sebum through the sebaceous duct that connects the gland to the hair follicle, which is a combination of fats (triglycerides, wax esters, squalene, and cholesterol) and cellular waste. Sebum contributes to the formation of the skin's thin, somewhat oily surface coating, keeping the skin flexible and preventing it from absorbing too much water.
Therefore the correct option is A.
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Which statement best explains how enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
Responses
Enzymes gain heat from chemical reactions
Enzymes use light energy to speed up chemical reactions.
Enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction.
Enzymes change shape during chemical reactions.
The correct option is 2
enzymes speed up chemical reaction is Enzymes use light energy to speed up chemical reactions.
What is the enzyme in a chemical equation?
An enzyme acts as a catalyst by providing an alternate pathway for the reaction that may have a lower the activation energy.
An enzyme is a substance that acts as a catalyst in living organisms, regulating the rate at which chemical reactions proceed without itself.
Enzymes create chemical reactions in the body. They actually speed up the rate of a chemical reaction to help support life. The enzymes in your body help to perform very important tasks. These include building muscle, destroying toxins, and breaking down food particles during digestion.
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it is the Enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction
why bro gave wrong answer and dummies saying its true
Please help! 20 points!
How does specific heat affect the temperature of a body of water whose surface is frozen, but beneath is liquid?
What temperature would the liquid be in comparison to the ice and the air?
Due to its high specific heat capacity, the temperature of the liquid water beneath the ice is higher than that of ice above it.
The temperature of the liquid water will be at 4°C.
What is specific heat capacity of a substance?The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of that substance by one degree Celsius.
Substances with high specific heat capacity usually require a large amount of heat for the temperature of the substance to be raised or by 1°C.
Water has a high specific heat capacity. Hence water, requires a large amount of heat for its temperature to be raised by 1°C. Also, water being a poor conductor of heat gains as well as loses heat slowly.
Therefore, in frozen body of water, the high specific heat keeps the temperature of the liquid water beneath the ice higher than that of ice.
The temperature of the liquid water will be at 4°C since this is the temperature water is most dense.
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Scientists prefer to base their conclusions on the largest possible amounts of data. Why is this the best
methodology?
Answer:
With more available proof they are more likely to be correct than wrong since they have more evidence.