Why can two people draw different phylogenic trees using the same data and still both be correct?

Answers

Answer 1

The most common misinterpretation that does not change the result is related to taxa relatedness is to use the distance between taxa in phylogenetic trees to determine relatedness, i.e., the proximity of branch tips, often referred to as “tip reading”. Branches can be rotated around nodes, however, so that the positions of taxa are arbitrary.

What is phylogenetic tree?

A phylogenetic tree, also known as a phylogeny, is a diagram that depicts the lines of evolutionary descent of different species, organisms, or genes from a common ancestor.

What is the advantage of a phylogenetic tree?

It helps us to understand how species are related to each other. The evolution of animal species has been prolific (the estimates go into the millions and tens of millions).

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Related Questions

How could the racial background and perspective of a psychologist who is conducting a research subject influence the field of personality psychology?

Answers

Racial origins and the perspective of a psychologist who is conducting a research subject cannot influence the field of personality psychology, because personality psychology is a branch of psychology that examines personality and its variation among individuals. It aims to show how people are individually different due to psychological forces. His areas of focus include: building a coherent image of the individual and his/her main psychological processes.

What is personality psychology?

Personality Psychology is the area that studies and seeks to explain the human particularities that influence behavior.Personality psychology or differential psychology is the part of psychology that is dedicated to describing and explaining "the enduring, non-pathological human particularities that influence behavior within a given population".

With this information, we can conclude that Racial origins and the perspective of a psychologist who is conducting a research subject cannot influence the field of personality psychology

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You are preparing a 4-tube series of a 5-fold serial dilution. If Tube #1 contains 500 µL of undiluted stock solution, then what volume will be
transferred from Tube #1 to Tube # 2 to Tube # 3 to Tube #4?
O 500 μL
O 400 μL
O 250 μL
O 100 μL

Answers

The volume will be transferred from Tube #1 to Tube # 2 to Tube # 3 to Tube #4 is 500 μL.

What is serial dilution?

In order to produce an incubated plate with a readily countable number of colonies, serial dilution is employed in microbiology to measure the concentration or number of cells/organisms in a sample. To get the appropriate concentration of reagents and chemicals from a greater concentration, serial dilution is employed in biochemistry.

The concentration of an organism, in this case bacteria, is systematically lowered through successive resuspension in predetermined amounts of liquid diluent through the technique of serial dilution. Usually, the diluent's volume is a multiple of 10 to aid in the sample organism's logarithmic reduction.

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The humerus articulates with what 2 other bones at the elbow? (spelling counts!)

Answers

Answer:

It articulates with the radius and ulna bones of the forearm to form the elbow joint.

Explanation:

The type of cartilage found at end of bones articulating to form joints is

Answers

Answer:

That would be Hyaline cartilage. A smooth type of cartilage that helps bones move or glide over one another.

Answer:Bone marrow

Explanation: it is what keeps the bones strong and together

2.Which of the following sequences is in the correct order to know the steps involved to test the
presence of starch in a leaf?
P - Boil the leaf in alcohol in a water bath.
Q - Add iodine solution.
R - Wash the leaf in water.
S - Boil the leaf in water.
(a) S, Q, R and P (b) P, S, Q and R
(c) Q, R, P and S (d) S, P, R and Q

Answers

Answer: c

Explanation:

C is going to be the correct answer

Write a paper that outline the adaptations of carnivorous plants ( see pp.91-92 of evolutionary analysis). Use Gibson and waller 2009) to summarize specifically how “ snap-trap” may have evolved from “flypaper” trap by natural selection .adderess the pertinent principles of natural selection found in chapter 3 of envolutionary Analysis .A link to this paper is found on the blackboard site for this couse

Answers

Answer:

1 adaptation of carnivorous plant is this

Trapping Their Prey

Common trapping techniques are pitfall traps, flypaper traps, snapping traps, and suction traps. The first two use adaptations that involve shape and sticky surfaces. The last two are particularly fascinating, because the presence of prey triggers the plant to take action — to move, quickly!

which Empire did Alexander not rule.​

Answers

Answer:Greece

Explanation:

When graphing data, the variable the should be plotted on the x-axis is the...

Answers

Answer:

Independent Variable

Explanation:

the dependent variable goes on the y-axis while the independent variable goes on the x-axis

Someone picks up a card that has 2 carbohydrate molecules that are bonded on it and asks "excuse me, but I think you dropped your name tag?

what is the joke here?​

Answers

Explanation:

YAA! its a joke I laughed like Hell!

I don't understand what's the Joke in this..

If I feed unlimited pizza to my siblings, then they will get a stomachache.
independent variable is ? dependent variable is ?

Answers

Answer:

Dependent Variable- Whether or not they get a stomachache

Independent Variable- The amount of pizza you feed them

Explanation:

Dependent Variable- The variable you observe

Independent Variable- The variable you change

I hope this helped, have a great day! ‍‍

Answer: D.V- If they get a stomachache or not, I.V- How much pizza they ate

Explanation:

In your own words, define the term science.

Answers

Answer:

agriculture, environmental, body, and nature

Science is a way of knowing things

Tyrel is hiking with his sister when they begin noticing that a lot of the trees around them look unhealthy. The leaves have large holes in them, as though something has been eating through them. After about a mile more of walking, both Tyrel and his sister realize that the only trees looking unhealthy with their leaves eaten through are oak trees. What is causing this?


A. a fungus


B. ash borer beetles


C. gypsy moths


D. a biopesticide

Answers

The reason for the eating of the leaves of the trees is the gypsy moths.

What are leaves?

The leaves are the photosynthetic parts of the plant. The leaves are exposed to the sun and are able to produce the food that is required by the plant. Thus, the food of the plant could only be produced at the leaves and a damage to the structure of the leave by pests would certainly have an effect on the whole plant.

The gypsy moths are known to eat the leaves of trees. We can see here that in many places, the leaves of trees could be eaten by the gypsy moths.

As such, the reason for the eating of the leaves of the trees is the gypsy moths.

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If I’m running a marathon characteristics of life would I need to survive

Answers

Speed, strength, endurance, fatigue resistance – each matters significantly in determining how fast or far you run and how closely you come to achieving your goals in a race. ...
Along with smart training methods, intuition is the best tool a runner can have for preventing injury.

Choose the right answers

Answers

Answer:

1st, 2nd and Last option

Explanation:

The number of protons is equal to its atomic number. Neutral atom means that the charge in the atom is 0. In order to make the charge 0, the proton and electron charges have to be additive inverses, meaning the sum of the proton and electron charges have to be 0. Each proton has a +1 charge while each electron has a -1 charge. Hence, the number of protons and electrons have to be equal.


Consider the results of Ostfeld et al. 2018 paper. What type of forest is most likely to have a high
predators?
A site in a mostly maple forest.
B site surrounded by less than 1 kilometer of forest.
C site surrounded by at least 1 kilometer of forest.
D site in a mostly oak forest.

Answers

the answer is C, i just took answered the question

According to the result of Ostfeld et al., the type of forest that is most likely to have high predators is the site surrounded by at least 1 kilometer of the forest. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.

What do you mean by Predators?

Predators may be defined as the type of animals/organisms that primarily obtains food by killing and hunting other organisms and finally consuming them. In a more simple sense, predators may be characterized as an animal that naturally preys on others.

The results of Ostfeld et al. 2018 paper, the area that is surrounded by at least 1 kilometer of the forest is known as the zone of predators, where a high number of predators are found. This is because in this region predators got an extremely good amount of food with less expenditure of energy.

Therefore, the correct option for this question is C.

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A fat (or triacylglycerol) would be formed as a result of a dehydration reaction between__.
O one molecule of 9 and three molecules of 10
O three molecules of 9 and one molecule of 10
O one molecule of 5 and three molecules of 9
O one molecule of 5 and three molecules of 10

Answers

A fat (or triacylglycerol) would be formed as a result of a dehydration reaction between three molecules of 9 and one molecule of 10.

three molecules of 9 and one molecule of 10

How are triglycerides formed by dehydration synthesis?

The dehydration synthesis of triglyceride is a condensation reaction in which one molecule of glycerol reacts with three fatty acids to form a triglyceride. Glycerol has three hydroxyl groups and fatty acids have carboxylic groups so they condense together with the loss of three water molecules and form an ester bond.

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How is it possible for a woman to produce several eggs at one time

Answers

Answer:

women cannot produce eggs

Explanation:

they produce baby

Fill in the blank
The graph indicates that the mean of the treatment is _____ than the mean of the placebo

Answers

The graph indicates that the mean of the treatment is Smaller than the mean of the placebo

The graph shows that the treatment's mean is lower than the placebo's mean.

The following graphs display several data sets that illustrate how medication affects how quickly you recover. Each graph with a statistically significant distinction between the placebo and the experiment should be clicked.

Thomas T. Harman and Walter Showell's Birmingham Dictionary is available online.

Thus, it will become clear that the typical church organ is actually a combination of three or four lesser organs.

ORGAN BUILDING'S RECENT REVOLUTIONGEORGE LAING MILLER

He means that I should assist him by keeping in mind and by making more modest requests of him.

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Procedures to finding solutions to food born illneses

Answers

The Procedures to follow for solutions to food born illneses :

1. Wash your hands

2. Handle Raw Animal Food Properly              

3. Use Clean and Sanitized Instruments, Instruments and Surfaces

5. Keep animals away from food and food preparation areas

1. wash your hands

One of the most important personal hygiene habits is also the prevention of food poisoning. You can get the most out of hand washing by following these simple steps.

2. Handle Raw Animal Food Properly

Improper handling of animal products is a common cause of food poisoning. It is important to take proper steps to ensure that these products are safe to consume.

3. Use clean and sanitized equipment, utensils and surfaces

Before preparing food, ensure that food contact surfaces and equipment are clean and sanitized to prevent the spread of harmful bacteria in food.

Avoiding cross-contamination also prevents the growth and spread of dangerous pathogens.

4. Eat before expiration date

It is a common belief that expired food is edible as long as there are no obvious signs of spoilage. Pathogens often grow to dangerous levels without being visible, odorous, or tasteful.

5. Keep animals away from food and food preparation areas

When it comes to disease transmission, animals are her one of the worst offenders. You may not be bathing your dog or cat regularly and often end up with more illnesses as a result.

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Students set out five bird feeders, each of a different color:
red, blue, green, yellow, or brown.
Assuming that birds have no color preference, what is the theoretical
probability that a visiting bird will go to the blue feeder?
A. 1.0
B. 0.2
C. 0.4
D. 0.5

Answers

Assuming that birds have no color preference, the Probability that a visiting bird will go to the blue feeder is 0.2 (20%)

B. 0.2

How is probability calculated?

The probability is calculated using a simple division. Just divide the number of events by the number of possible outcomes, as seen in the formula

p = n(e)/n( Ω ).

With this information, we can conclude that To determine the probability that z is between two given values, determine the cumulative areas for each value, then subtract the smaller from the larger. To determine the probability that z is less than a given value, find the corresponding accumulated area.

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Give your advice on what you think someone should do that is willing to start living a healthy, nutritious lifestyle?

(in regards of nutrition, 1 paragraph)

Answers

Eat healthy, walk for at least 30 minutes a day. Drink lots of water and don’t restrict your calorie intake. Instead, enter a calorie deficit.

What type of transport occurs when a large cell contains a smaller cell such as a bacteria

Answers

A large cell contains a smaller cell like bacteria due to phagocytosis.

Bacteria are the microorganisms that are the most primitive on earth. These are omnipresent. Bacteria can be both harmful as well as useful. The bad bacteria cause several diseases whereas the good bacteria help in digestion, nitrogen fixation, curdling of milk, etc.

Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis. It is also called cell-eating. In phagocytosis, cell engulfs solid large bacteria completely. This is done by forming extensions of the plasma membrane called pseudopodia. These pseudopodia then fuse and pinch off to form endocytic vesicles. Organisms like amoeba perform phagocytosis, and human immune cells too.

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Question 9 (1 point)
What was the contribution of Henry Goddard to forensic science?
He was the first westerner-to perform an autopsy.
He invented the comparison microscope.
He refined the process of comparing bullets to make ballistic comparisons.
He wrote the first book on questioned document examination to determine
forgeries.

Answers

1. He was the first westerner-to perform an autopsy.

Autopsy- An autopsy, sometimes referred to as a post-mortem examination, is a specialized surgical procedure used to determine the manner and cause of death. The term "cause of death" refers to the medical diagnosis for such reason a patient passed away.

The three subcategories of autopsies are anatomical or academic autopsies, clinical or pathological autopsies, and medico-legal autopsies..

For such benefit the patient families, our staff, as well as the future practice of medicine, an autopsy serves two purposes:

1) To fully examine the prevalence as well as severity of human sickness in patients.

2) To evaluate the effectiveness of various treatment options.

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4. Explain how ecological pyramids help analyze energy flow through trophic levels
a.
5. Explain how matter flows between trophic levels and among ecosystems
a.
6. Explain how water cycles globally
a.
7. Identify the importance of the nutrient cycles
a.
8. Explain how nutrient availability affects primary productivity

Answers

The ecological pyramids help us analyze energy flow through trophic levels because it provides information about organism and its population.

How ecological pyramids help analyze energy flow through trophic levels?

Ecological pyramids help to analyze energy flow through trophic levels because it has a brief explanation about the type of organism in each trophic level. It also gives information about feeding behaviour and population of organisms in it.

Explain how matter flows between trophic levels and among ecosystems?

Matter flows between trophic levels and among ecosystems through feeding of one organism to another.

Explain how water cycles globally?

Liquid water evaporates in the form of water vapor. This water vapor condenses to form clouds and falls back to the earth in the form of rain and snow.

Identify the importance of the nutrient cycles?

The importance of the nutrient cycles is storage of elements, which is important because some organisms require a small quantity of a particular nutrient in order to survive.

Explain how nutrient availability affects primary productivity?

If sufficient sunlight and water are available to the producers, then the primary productivity increases in that ecosystem. We know that the primary productivity of an ecosystem is limited and controlled by the availability of nutrients.

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I have ten plots of plant of tomatoes. 5 plots have two earthworms. I wet the plants each day for four months. In this experiment, the number of earthworms in the soil is the _________ variable and the number of tomatoes on the plants after three months is the _________ variable

Answers

Answer:

independent; dependent

Explanation:

The independent variable is the one the experimenter controls. The dependent variable is the variable that changes in response to the independent variable.

1) What is the difference between spectroscopy and spectrometry?

2) Why is it necessary to use a narrow wavelength spectrum of light in spectrometry? Why do we use wavelengths of peak absorbance for a particular analyte?

3) What volume of a 100 ppm (part per million) stock solution would be used to create 30 mL of a 10 ppm standard?

Answers

Spectroscopy refers to the interaction of matter with energy.

What is spectroscopy?

The term spectroscopy refers to the interaction of matter with energy. It shows the manner in which matter is able to interact with energy. Spectrometry is the application of spectroscopy.

It is important to use a narrow wavelength during spectroscopy because different wavelengths can be used to identify the various kinds of compounds in the sample.

The dilution formula could be used to obtain the new concertation of the solution  after dilution. An aliquot of the stock  solution is added to a measured volume of water and made up to the required mark for dilution.

Using the dilution formula;

C1V1 = C2V2

C1 = 100 ppm

V1 = ?

C2 = 10 ppm

V2 = 30 mL

V1 = C2V2/C1

= 10 ppm * 30 mL /100 ppm

V1 = 3 mL

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Which statements accurately describe animals? Check all that apply.
-All animals are prokaryotes.
-All animals are multicellular.
-All animal have cells that contain a nucleus and organelles.
-All animals are capable of asexual reproduction
-All animals must maintain stable internal conditions.
-All animals stay in one place throughout their lifetime.
-All animals make their own food.

Answers

All animals are multicellular.

All animal have cells that contain a nucleus and organelles. These two are the correct statements.

Animals have a huge variety of characteristics that set them apart from species in other kingdoms, despite the fact that they all belong to the animal kingdom. The vast majority of animals have specialized tissues, and all animals are eukaryotic, multicellular organisms. The majority of animals are mobile, at least at some points in their lives. Animals need nourishment in order to thrive and grow. Every animal is heterotrophic, meaning they consume both live and dead organic stuff. They differ from autotrophic creatures like most plants, which produce their own nutrition through photosynthesis, and from fungi, which externally digest their food, in that they receive energy in this manner. Animals can be parasitic, herbivorous, carnivorous, or omnivorous.Most animals reproduce sexually, and unlike plants, the young go through a sequence of developmental stages that shape their body plans.

Therefore, all animals are multicellular and have cell organelles.

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why the electron carrier NADH is used exclusively in the production of ATP whereas it phosphorylated form (NADPH) is used in anabolism

Answers

According to the research, the correct answer is the electron carrier NADH is used exclusively in the production of ATP because they are electron-donor molecules that lead to the synthesis of ATP, whereas it phosphorylated form (NADPH) is used in anabolism to generate larger molecules or macromolecules.

What is NADH?

It is the molecule made up of two nucleotides, one adenine and the other nicotinamide, which can be in oxidized or reduced form, acting as an exchanger of reducing power in metabolism.

In this sense, anabolic pathways use chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH obtained by reducing NADP+ by accepting electrons from water, a donor that is oxidized to synthesize cellular components from simpler molecules obtained in different ways by different types of cells.

Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the correct answer is the electron carrier NADH is used exclusively in the production of ATP because they are electron-donor molecules that lead to the synthesis of ATP, whereas it phosphorylated form (NADPH) is used in anabolism to generate larger molecules or macromolecules.

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If you moved to Saturn.
What would you take with you?​

Answers

Answer:

 My BEST FRIEND my dogs and my family and all my things or if it was possible my house with everything in it

Explanation:

Answer:

my phone

Explanation:

because i have to snap alot of pictures and make some videos

it'll be great experience.

which correctly describes what is occurring at the four different stages of the cell cycle?

Answers

Answer: B

G1: the cell prepares for DNA replication

S: replication of DNA occurs

G2: the cell checks to make sure that division can occur

M: the cell divides

G1: the cell prepares for DNA replicationS: replication of DNA occursG2: the cell checks to make sure that division can occurM: the cell divides

Above sequence correctly describes what is occurring at the four different stages of the cell cycle. Therefore, option (B) is correct.

G1, S, G2, and M comprise the cell cycle. The cell develops, synthesises proteins, and prepares for DNA replication in G1. DNA replication prepares the cell for division during the S phase. In G2, the cell checks for DNA replication mistakes and confirms that all cellular components are present for division.

Through the M phase, the cell divides through mitosis and cytokinesis, creating two daughter cells. The cell cycle regulates DNA replication and cell division for optimum cell function and growth. Therefore, option (B) is correct.

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factors other than those of interest that can potentially influence the results of a study are called 190 students enrolled in a freshman-level chemistry class. by the end of the semester, 4 times the number of students passed as failed. find the number of students who passed, and the number of students who failed. Critical listening skills help you detect and counter un analisis sobre la poesia sus tipos y generos literarios washing soda is a hydrate of sodium carbonate. its formula is na2co3. x h2o. a 2.714 g sample of washing soda is heated until a constant mass of 1.006 g of na2co3 is reached. what is the value of x in the formula? How do you factor this equation3n+9n-10n 9 4 . determine the missing amount in each of the following cases: assets liabilities stockholders' equity a. $420,000 $175,000 answer 245,000 b. answer 73,000 $31,000 $42,000 c. $121,000 answer 31,000 $90,000 Taylor and Alex are looking for a daycare for their child. They want to make sure the daycare is midway between their jobs. Taylor works at the Rogers Middle School located at (4, -5), and Alex works at St. Philip's located at (2, 5). Where should the daycare be located? What would the nurse expect to hear when auscultating the lungs of a client diagnosed with pleuritis?. If the actual book is 9 inches wide. How tall is the actual book? ip a standard sheet of paper measures 8 1/2 by 11 inches. find the area of one such sheet of paper in Rounding off 0.072251 to four significant figures 22647 inches to miles, please show work Is great profit or nay profit more important to consider when your deciding how successful and profitable a company is The capacities at which U.S. nuclear power plants are working are shown in table for various years.Year Percent1975 561980 591985 581990 701995 762000 882004 89Let f(t) be the capacity (in percent) at which U.S. nuclear power plants are working at t years since 1970. A model of the situation is f(t)=0.027t2+0.216t+53.296 .Use a graphing calculator to draw the graph of the model and, in the same viewing window, the scattergram of the data. Does the model fit the data well?The function is not a good model for the dataThe function is a good model for the data.Estimate at what capacity U. S. nuclear power plants were working in 2014.% Round to the nearest whole percent.Predict when U. S. nuclear power plants will be working at full (100%) capacity. Enter the year this occurs. Contour lines can tell you about the _________ of an area or feature.Question 6 options:elevation-arock type-bname-caltitude-d Giving Brainliest!!!!Question tag 1. Leaving a tap on waste water, ____ it? 2. You recycled that paper, _____ you? 3. Your sister's just had a baby, ____ she? the following dotplot shows the ages of the 100 members of the united states senate as of august 2019 Whatthreshold of state approval is needed, to pass a newamendment?