Describe the change in the duration of insolation in the Northern Hemisphere as the Earth moves in its orbit from position B to position D
Answers
As the earth moves in its orbit from position D to position B, here we see that the Southern Hemisphere receive much more light than the Northern Hemisphere which in effect means that the Southern Hemisphere has more hours of sunlight per day.
What is the Insolation?Insolation is the amount of solar radiation that is received by a planet.
From the diagram we have, it show the earth and sun in different positions during the different times of the day and the position of the earth each year.
The diagram has each position representing one season. The northern hemisphere will receive the most sunlight when the earth is tiled more towards the north such as the diagram on the left-hand side will get maximum insolation due it the vertical rays of the sun.
Because of the fact that we have 12 hours of the day and 12 hours of night time. Hence the earth rotating on it axis will have sunlight for most hours per day.
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Related Questions
8 Hypertonic solutions and hypotonic solutions can cause
molecules to move across the cell membrane.
Answers
in a Hypotonic solutions the cell tend to swell by allowing water to flow into it, whereas in hypertonic solutions the cell will shrink by drawing water out of it.
What is hypertonic solution ?Hypertonic solution contain dissolved particles like salt and electrolytes. Osmosis is a process where solvent moves from less concentrated solution to high concentrated solution through a semipermeable membrane.
When the cell placed in hypertonic solution the solvent from cell moves out due to osmosis and the cell to shrink.
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What term is used to describe the pattern of base pairing between one dna strand and its partner in a duplex?.
Answers
Complementary is the term we use in to describe the structure of DNA.
Which DNA strand is 5 to 3?leading strand
DNA is made differently on the two strands at a replication fork. One new strand, the leading strand, runs 5' to 3' towards the fork and is made continuously. The other, the lagging strand, runs 5' to 3' away from the fork and is made in small pieces called Okazaki fragments.
DNA are double stranded one strand is parallel and other is antiparallel strand . In which the base pairs are complementary to each other
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In Sl units, the standard unit of force
Answers
In Sl units, the standard unit of force newton, symbol N.
The base units relevant to force are:
The metre, or m, is a unit of length.
The kilogram (kg), a unit of mass
second, or s, is a unit of time.
The change in momentum rate is referred to as force. This is comparable to mass x acceleration for a constant mass.
Therefore, 1 N equals 1 kilogram m s-2 or 1 kg m/s2.
Force is denoted by the letter F.
A force is an effect that can alter an object's motion in physics. A force can cause an object with mass to accelerate when it changes its velocity, for as when it moves away from rest. An obvious way to describe force is as a push or a pull. A force is a vector quantity since it has both magnitude and direction. It is calculated using the newton SI unit (N). Force is denoted by the letter F.To know more about force visit:
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ilska, j., haskell, m.j., blott, s.c., sanchez-molano, e., polgar, z., lofgren, s.e., clements, d.n. and wiener, p. 2017. genetic characterization of dog personality traits. genetics, 206: 1101- 1111.
Answers
The genetic makeup of canine behavioral traits is of great interest to dog owners, breeders, experts in animal welfare, and researchers studying the genetics of animal (and human) behavior.
Variations in canine behavior between breeds and some evidence of variability within breeds point to the genetic nature of canine behavior. To investigate the genetic basis of complex traits like behavior, which are known to be influenced by nongenetic factors and are time-consuming and logistically tough to assess, it is difficult to compile sufficiently large datasets. By exploiting the knowledge that owners have about their dogs, we created a significant dataset of personality traits in Labrador Retrievers for this study. We demonstrate that, even after adjusting for significant contextual factors, genetic variance for canine personality traits evaluated by questionnaire data may be discovered. We discovered sizable genetic variance for some behaviors, such as the propensity to fetch and the aversion to loud stimuli, while other variables revealed miniscule heritabilities. Additionally, the genetic relationships between traits were examined; however, due to the extremely high SEs, only a small number of trait pairs showed statistically significant results. According to genomic study, which also identified chromosomal links for six of the qualities, individual genomic regions only had minimal influences on these behaviors. The polygenic nature of these traits supports the need for large datasets to quantify genetic variance and identify the precise genes causing behavioral traits, and is consistent with past behavioral genetics investigations in other species, such as the mouse.To learn more about dog personality traits visit:
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classify each example or definition as applying to either genotype or phenotype. you are currently in a sorting module. turn off browse mode or quick nav, tab to items, space or enter to pick up, tab to move, space or enter to drop. genotype phenotype answer bank
Answers
COMPLETE QUESTION:
From each example or definition classify as applying to either genotype or phenotype:
A pair of alleles, Brown hair, Haemophilia
-Genotype:
A pair of alleles (that make up an organism's genetic code.)
-Phenotype:
Brown hair, haemophilia (are examples of physical or physiological manifestations of the genes a creature contains.)
What is Genotype?
The genetic make-up of an individual, or the genes responsible for a trait or personality that is expressed in that person, is known as their Genotype.
A gene or a number of genes must be present for a trait to manifest, and the genotype is the result of the interaction of these genes.
Phenotype: what is it?
The way a gene manifests physically is called a phenotype. The phenotype is made up of every gene in an individual that is expressed or manifests physically.
A person is a combination of their genetic composition and environment. Consequently, the genotype determines the phenotype.
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How does mitochondria help a cell get the materials it needs
Answers
Answer:
the Mitochondria helps to produce the energy necessary for the cell's survival and functioning
Explanation:
you can Remember the Mitochondria as the "Powerhouse of a cell"
Sammy is doing research that involves placing objects in the visual fields of visually impaired elderly men. you would suggest that sammy place the electrodes near the _______________
Answers
In Occipital lobe part of the brain can sammy place the electrodes.
One of the four main lobes of the cerebral cortex of the mammalian brain is the occipital lobe. The term comes from the Latin words ob, meaning "behind," and caput, meaning "the head," and refers to its location at the back of the head.
The majority of the physical region of the visual cortex is located in the occipital lobe, which is the mammalian brain's visual processing hub. The primary visual cortex is designated as Brodmann area 17, or V1 (visual one). Human V1 is situated in the calcarine sulcus, on the medial side of the occipital lobe.
The Occipital Lobe of the brain is the area that enables us to comprehend and perceive with accuracy what the eyes are perceiving and seeing. Processing the pictures that the eyes are seeing is another job of the occipital lobe. The occipital lobe performs more than just visualizing images received from the eyes; it also recognizes colors, which is necessary for reading and comprehension, as well as the movement of objects.
Correct Question:
Sammy is doing research that involves placing objects in the visual fields of visually impaired elderly men. He wants to discover what specific neurons fire in response to the features of the objects. The study requires electrodes to be implanted in the men's brains. In which part of the brain would you suggest Sammy place the electrodes?
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How would using hormones to manipulate plant growth disturb the evolution pattern of plants?
Answers
Answer:
Hormones respond to increased sunlight competition by stimulating increased stem elongation. Increased competition can cause plants to put more energy into stem elongation growth versus expanded leaf area.
Hormones encourage greater stem elongation in response to increased sunlight competition. Plants may invest more energy in stem elongation than enlarged leaf area in response to increased competition.
What affect evolution pattern of plants?The hormones known as BR's are unique to plants and control a variety of physiological and developmental processes in them, including cell elongation, photo morphogenesis, seed germination, flowering, male fertility, and senescence.
Plant hormones control practically every element of a plant's growth and response to its surroundings.
Many plant hormones play important roles in the interactions between plants and helpful microorganisms.
They are active at extremely low concentrations and have precise spatial regulation of synthesis and response.
Therefore, using hormones to manipulate plant growth disturb the evolution pattern of plants.
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a tumor that arose in a balb/c mouse is transplanted into a c57bl/6 mouse but does not form a tumor in the latter. this is most likely due to differences between strains in
Answers
This is most likely due to differences between strains is: MHC proteins. The MHC genes encode proteins that the immune system uses to distinguish between "self" and "other" cells and tissues in the body.
Immunological Variations from C57BL/6 to BALB/c :
-Innate immunological responses between C57BL/6 and BALB/c vary, particularly between type 1 and type 2 helper T cells (Th1 and Th2). Th1 immune response and IFN production are crucial in C57BL/6 mice. --Alternatively, the Th2 immune response, which is frequently seen in allergy reactions and infectious illnesses, is simpler to induce in BALB/c mice.
-Compared to C57BL/6 mice, BALB/c mice tend to elicit a higher humoral response.
-At the H2 location of the major histocompatibility (MHC)class I gene locus, these strains have different gene sequences; BALB/c mice are H2d, whereas C57BL/6 are H2b.
-The H2 locus is the site of genetic variation between these two strains. Certain monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) must be utilized to do this since some antiserum or antibodies that may respond to the cells of both strains cannot distinguish between the MHC haplotype.
-The difference in Listeria monocytogenes sensitivity between C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice can be attributed to variations in dendritic cells' early interleukin 12 (IL-12) production.
C57BL/6 mouse: Low incidence of various tumors: There is a low natural incidence (0% -1%)for breast cancer, and it is difficult to cause cancer with carcinogens.
BALB/c: This strain of mouse has a low incidence (3%) for breast cancer, while the rate increased when induced by the mouse mammary tumor virus(MMTV).
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Genetic Code
Project: Asking Questions about the Genetic Code
Active
Instructions
Click the links to open the resources below. These resources will help you complete the assignment. Once you have created your
file(s) and are ready to upload your assignment, click the Add Files button below and select each file from your desktop or network
folder. Upload each file separately.
Your work will not be submitted to your teacher until you click Submit. Can someone please help me
Answers
Answer:
Following are the steps to the given points:
Explanation:
The instructor has described the current task upload process.The teacher helped the children with all resources necessary again for the task.Every learner needs to create a document to upload a project and then select a task from the folder.To add a file, a learner should click the add-on button.The process of evolution involves changes in the genetic makeup of a population over a period of time. Sexual reproduction enhances variability among offspring. The random alteration of DNA from parent to offspring, called mutations, also produces variable characteristics in offspring. Some mutations can be helpful, while others can be harmful and hinder survival. In this experiment, students mimicked random mutations. Data was collected to determine if the mutations were helpful or harmful when trying to collect and eat food.
Which mutation provided an advantage for food collecting, but was detrimental when it came to food eating?
A. Group D hands fused
B. Group E webbing on hands and feet
C. Group A long nails
D. Group B paddle hands
Answers
Answer:
D, as you can see with the time. Collecting is very quick but eating not so much.
Explanation:
Should I use a line graph or a bar graph?
Answers
Answer:
none none none none none
What are other duties of a forensic anthropologist? we only looked at using bones for identification of a missing person. What are some of the other possible job responsibilities of someone in this career field?.
Answers
Besides looking at bones for identification of a missing person, other duties of a forensic anthropologist include analytical reasoning so that he can interpret and deduce results from observations.
The duties of forensic anthropologists include the ability to use their knowledge in making observations from bones. They should have an analytical mind so that they can easily relate observations to results. They should also be able to help in enforcing the law. Besides human bones, they should also have the ability to identify other bones if they are related to a crime scene. Special skills, such as recognition of trauma in the bones, shall also be their duty.
Some of the other job responsibilities of someone in this career field include the ability to determine the gender, age, and ancestry of a skeleton that has been found. Their job responsibility also includes the ability to travel at any time to a crime scene in order to make observations. They should also be able to make peer reviews. It is also their responsibility to follow all codes of conduct while collecting data.
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Which of the following is the best definition for control group?
a. Observations that may be quantitative or qualitative
b. A tentative, testable scientific explanation
c. Useful for determining the effect of the independent variable
d. A logical interpretation based on prior knowledge
Answers
+Control group is used as a standard reference for comparing treated groups. Thus, option c is correct.
What is a control group?Control group is important in a study as it makes a useful comparison of the study groups. Control group is kept constant.
In any study, two groups are included: One is the control group which is not under the subject of any treatment whereas the other is study group on which hypothesis of the study is tested by including independent variables.
Control groups are important in finding clinical investigations where the effect of any drug or treatment is compared in control group that is constant and in the study group which contains a part of treatment.
Thus, for every study, inclusion of control group is must.
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halldorsson s, gudjonsson t, gottfredsson m, singh pk, gudmundsson gh, and baldursson o (2010) azithromycin maintains airway epithelial integrity during pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. am j respir cell mol biol 42:62–68.
Answers
Study on use of ivermectin for Covid-19: Azithromycin maintains airway epithelial integrity during Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.
Overview:
The macrolide antibiotic azithromycin (azm) has been shown to improve lung function in CF patients without reducing bacterial counts in the lungs.
Tight junctions (TJs) play an important role in maintaining the integrity of the bronchial epithelium. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) often suffer chronic infections with the opportunistic Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which produces several virulence factors, including rhamnolipids.
However, the mechanism of this effect is still debated. Azm was previously shown to increase transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) in bronchial epithelial cell lines.
In this study, we used an air-liquid interface model of human airway epithelium to measure changes in TER, TJ expression and structure after exposure to live Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and PAO1-Deltarhl, PAO1 mutants lacking rhlA and rhlB. Did. Enzyme for rhamnolipid production.
Additionally, cells were challenged with bacterial culture media conditioned by these strains, purified rhamnolipids, or synthetic 3O-C(12)-HSL. A virulence factor secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa reduced TER in the bronchial epithelium, causing TJ rearrangements and exposing the epithelium to further bacterial invasion. Pretreatment of bronchial epithelium with Azm attenuated this effect and promoted epithelial repair.
These data suggest that azm protects the bronchial epithelium during Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection independently of its antibacterial activity, partially explaining the beneficial results observed in clinical trials in patients with CF.
complete question, Study on use of ivermectin for Covid-19: Azithromycin.
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What are some of the problems with our continuing reliance on fossil fuels?
Answers
Answer:
it will cause health problems, destroy our wild places, and release toxins such as mercury and arsenic into our communities.
Answer:
Fossil fuels pollute the environment
Fossil fuels are non-renewable and unsustainable
Drilling for fossil fuels is a dangerous process
Explanation:
Compare and contrast animal and plant bodys and cells
Answers
The similarities plant and animal bodies and cells include:
Plant and animals bodies growPlants and animals bodies have definite shapesPlant and animals bodies are covered by protective layers of cellsPlants and animals both have plasma membranesPlant and animal cells contain organelles.The differences plant and animal bodies and cells include:
Plant have rigid bodies while animals have soft bodiesPlants have leaves, branches and roots while animals have hands and feetPlants cells have cell walls while animals cells do not.Plant cells are rigid while animal cells are flexible.What are plants and animals?Plants are large eukaryotic photosynthetic living organisms found on the earth.
Animals are either multicellular eukaryotic organisms which lack the ability to manufacture their own food as plants do, but depend on plants and other animals for their food.
The similarities plant and animal bodies and cells include:
Plant and animals bodies growPlants and animals bodies have definite shapesPlant and animals bodies are covered by protective layers of cellsPlants and animals both have plasma membranesPlant and animal cells contain organelles.The differences plant and animal bodies and cells include:
Plant have rigid bodies while animals have soft bodiesPlants have leaves, branches and roots while animals have hands and feetPlants cells have cell walls while animals cells do not.Plant cells are rigid while animal cells are flexible.Learn more about plants and animals at: https://brainly.com/question/489913
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What macromolecules make up membranes?
A. proteins
B. carbohydrates
C. nucleic acids
D. lipids
Answers
Answer:
Proteins.
Explanation:
The key ingredients of a cell membrane are phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrate groups which help to form the cell membrane.
I and did the same thing
4. Suggest another experiment that you could perform that deals with surface tension. Write your question/hypothesis
below and a brief description of how you would conduct the experiment including independent and dependent
variables, controlled variables, and a control group.
Answers
The experiment could be performed like take a beaker which is filled with water an spread the pepper onto the water surface and you can observe easily how surface tension holding layer towards upper side.
What is surface tension?Surface tension is the property by which water surface tends to produce tension on it's surface, or we can say that surface is the tendency of liquid to shrink into minimum possible surface area.
Mathematically,
Surface tension is equal to force per unit length it means that force which act at a 1 meter length is called surface tension. By the virtue of surface tension bubble is formed.
Therefore, The experiment could be performed like take a beaker which is filled with water an spread the pepper onto the water surface and you can observe easily how surface tension holding layer towards upper side.
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Ultraviolet radiation and radiation of shorter wavelengths can damage biological molecules because they carry enough energy to break bonds within the molecules. A carbon-nitrogen bond requires 305 kj/mol to break. What is the longest wavelength of radiation with enough energy to break carbon-nitrogen bonds?.
Answers
393 nm is the longest wavelength of radiation with enough energy to break the bond.
Wavelength = speed of light * Planck’s constant / energy
Value of Planck’s constant = 6.626×10−34 J.s
The carbon-nitrogen bond energy is 305 kJ/mol.
The given energy is in kJ/mol and is converted into kJ/photon as illustrated below.
Energy (kJ/photon) = 305 kJ/ mol × (1 mol / (6.023×1023 photons)
=5.06 × 10−22 kJ/photon
=5.06 ×10−19 J/photon
The energy for 1 mole of photons is calculated as illustrated below.
Wavelength= Speed of light × Planck′s constant/Energy(J/photon)
Planck constant = 6.626 × 10−34 J.s
speed of light = 3×108 m/s
Substitute the values in the above equation.
Energy = (3 × 108m/s × 6.626 × 10−34 J.s) / 5.06 × 10−19 J/Photon
= 19.878 × 10−26J.m / 5.06 × 10−19 J/photon
= 3.93 × 10−7m × (109nm/1m)
=393nm
Hence, the longest wavelength of radiation with enough energy to break carbon-nitrogen bonds 393 nm.
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Describe the caused the attraction between Molecules of water.
Answers
Answer: The slight positive charges on the hydrogen atoms in a water molecule attract the slight negative charges on the oxygen atoms of other water molecules
Explanation:
the adult human brain is composed of billions of neurons and glial cells connected to one another. what are some of the challenges of succesfully grafting donor neural cells to treat brain disease?
Answers
Answer:
One challenge is finding cells that will survive and function in the recipient's brain. Another challenge is that the grafted cells must be able to integrate into the existing neural circuitry and establish appropriate connections. Additionally, the grafted cells must be able to withstand the immunological response of the host brain. Finally, the grafted cells must be able to function over the long-term in order to be clinically effective.
So how can this be solved? (Bonus answer!)
Donor cells can be grafted to treat brain diseases by replacing damaged or destroyed cells with healthy cells. This can be done with stem cells, which are cells that can develop into many different types of cells, or with specific types of cells that are needed to treat a particular disease.
What are neurons?
Neurons are cells in the nervous system that transmit information to other cells in the body. There are three types of neurons: sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons.
Sensory neurons are neurons that detect stimuli from the environment and send signals to the brain.Motor neurons are neurons that send signals from the brain to the muscles, causing them to contract.Interneurons are neurons that transmit signals between other neurons.What are Glial cells?
Glial cells are cells in the nervous system that provide support and protection for neurons. There are three types of glial cells: astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia.
Astrocytes are the most numerous type of glial cell and are responsible for providing nutrients and support to neurons.Oligodendrocytes are cells that wrap aroundaxons and provide myelin, a fatty substance that insulates axons and helps them to conduct electrical signals.Microglia are cells that protect the brain and spinal cord from infection and damage.The highlighted epithelium contains 5 layers in thick skin. Which of those layers would not be found in thin skin?.
Answers
The highlighted epithelium contains 5 layers in thick skin and the layers which would not be found in thin skin is referred to as stratum lucidum.
What is Skin?
This is referred to as the largest organ which is found in the body and comprises of different substances such as fats, protein etc. The skin is in involved in the protection against pathogens ans other foreign bodies. It is a sense organ and contains receptors for stimuli such as heat, touch etc.
Stratum lucidum on the other hand refers to the layers of clear dead cells present on the skin and are usually translucent when viewed under a microscope.
It is not present in the thin skin and are mostly found in the thick layers. They are commonly found in the parts of the body such as palms which is therefore the reason why it was chosen as the correct choice.
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the zebra longwing butterfly (heliconius charitonius) has adapted to withstand the toxins and defenses in its host plant, the passion flower (passiflora sp.). this back-and-forth response of adaptations between the butterfly and plant that has lasted thousands of years is .
Answers
This back-and-forth response of adaptations between the plant and butterfly that has lasted thousands of years is Coevolution.
What is coevolution?
Coevolution occurs when the genetic development of two or more species has an impact on one another's evolutionary processes. Hummingbirds and ornithophilous (bird-pollinated) flowers are two examples. The nectar from the ornithophilous blooms, which has a high sugar content, provides food for the birds. In exchange, the birds help pollinate these flowers.
As mentioned in question, the zebra longwing butterfly (Heliconius Charitonius) has adapted to withstand the toxins and defenses in its host plant the passion flower (Passiflora sp.). This back-and-forth response of adaptations between the plant and butterfly that has lasted thousands of years is coevolution.
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This is the most diverse of all the marine ecosystems. This marine ecosystem not only includes great biodiversity but at least one quarter of all ocean species depend on it for food and shelter. What is this marine ecosystem?.
Answers
This is the most diverse of all the marine ecosystems. This marine ecosystem not only includes great biodiversity but at least one quarter of all ocean species depend on it for food and shelter. This marine ecosystem is the coral reefs.
In the field of ecology, the coral reefs are considered to be having the most diversified species in them according to researchers. The great biodiversity present in coral reefs helps to make ocean life sustainable.
Underwater, there are thousands of coral reefs, referred to as polyps which help other aquatic organisms in many ways.
The polyps have an association with algae inside their body which is called the zooxanthella. This alga causes photosynthesis to occur due to which food is made for the polyp and other organisms of the ocean.
The coral reefs help humans in many ways such as clearing up the land for them. As the coral roofs are the biggest in diversity hence they help other organisms in many ways.
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look at screenshot 25 points
Answers
Answer:
C Enzymes lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction
what type of medication is important to a person having pneumonia that doctor recommend?
Answers
Answer:
He should take Antibiotics
Explanation:
some biologists have suggested that overexploitation in the harvesting of some sharks, which are top predators, has caused drastic changes in marine communities. which of the outcomes would you expect after removal of a top predator from a community? population decline of prey species no change in marine communities population growth of prey species
Answers
Population growth of prey species is the outcomes would you expect after removal of a top predator from a community.
It is clear that humans are altering the Earth's ecosystems as the human population rises. Many of the Earth's ecosystems, especially the oceans, are susceptible to top-down trophic cascades caused by these anthropogenic influences. The majority of the world's income. This significance has led to an increase in interest in studying how human activity affects marine life and the creatures that live there.Picture of community ecology.Community ecology is the study of how communities, which are assemblages of interacting populations of the species residing in a specific area or habitat, are organised and function. Species populations interact with one another as they grow.To learn more about Population.
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Autotrophs are able to:____.
a. survive without oxygen.
b. use photosynthesis.
c. cannot assimilate carbon.
d. are primary consumers.
Answers
Autotrophs are able to (b) use photosynthesis.
Autotrophs are organisms which are able to produce their own food by utilizing light, water, carbon dioxide and certain other chemicals. Most of the autotrophs use photosynthesis to prepare their food. They utilize the sunlight as a source of energy to synthesize glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
Autotrophs are also sometimes referred to as producers due to the fact that they can make their own food. A primary consumer is an organism which is dependent on autotrophs or producers for food. A primary consumer is also known as a herbivore since they feed on plants (producers).
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According to the second law of thermodynamics, increases when energy is transferred from one form to another and some energy is lost as heat in the process?.