Based on Thomson's plum pudding model of the atom, what did Rutherford expect All the alpha particles would pass straight through the foil because of the even distribution of mass and charge throughout the atom.
What happened when Rutherford fired alpha particles at gold foil?Alpha particles, which have a positive charge, were fired at a piece of gold foil. The vast majority of alpha particles passed right through. This demonstrated that the gold atoms were primarily empty space.The gold foil experiment by Rutherford demonstrated that the atom is mostly empty space with a tiny, dense, positively charged nucleus. Rutherford proposed the nuclear model of the atom based on these findings.With his gold-foil experiment, physicist Ernest Rutherford established the nuclear theory of the atom. When he fired an alpha particle beam at a sheet of gold foil, some of the particles were deflected. He concluded that the deflections were caused by a tiny, dense nucleus.The nucleus of an atom is very small. There is a lot of empty space surrounding the nucleus. The nucleus is a very small positively charged region that contains the entire mass of an atom. Electrons are dispersed in the empty space surrounding the nucleus.
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When a metal was exposed to photons at a frequency of 1.34×1015 s−1,
electrons were emitted with a maximum kinetic energy of 3.60×10−19 J.
Calculate the work function, Φ,
of this metal.
Φ=
J/photon
What is the maximum number of electrons that could be ejected from this metal by a burst of photons (at some other frequency) with a total energy of 3.67×10−7 J?
number of electrons:
The work function of the metal is 5.2 * 10^-19 J while the number of electrons is 2.3 * 10^12 electrons.
What is the work function?From the photoelectric theory of Einstein, electrons are emitted when light of appropriate wavelength is incident on a clean metal surface. The minimum energy that the incident light must possess is called the work function of the metal.
We know that;
Kinetic energy = Energy of incident photon - Work function
Energy of incident photon = hf = 6.6 * 10^-34 Js * 1.34×10^15 s−1
= 8.8 * 10^-19 J
Work function = Energy of incident photon - Kinetic energy
Work function = 8.8 * 10^-19 J - 3.60×10^−19 J
Work function = 5.2 * 10^-19 J
Now;
The total energy = 3.67×10−7 J
Hence;
3.67×10−7 J = n * 1.6 * 10^-19 J
n = 3.67×10−7 J/1.6 * 10^-19 J
n = 2.3 * 10^12 electrons
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Water is an example of a(n)
Answer:
Water as a Compound and Molecule
A compound forms whenever two or more atoms form chemical bonds with each other. The chemical formula for water is H2O, which means each molecule of water consists of one oxygen atom chemically bonded to two hydrogen atoms. Thus, water is a compound
Stanley miller’s spark-discharge experiment demonstrated simple molecules can react to form _____ under the conditions of earth’s early atmosphere.
Stanley miller's spark - discharge experiment demonstrated simple molecules can react to form Organic molecules under the conditions of earth's early atmosphere.
The Stanley miller in 1953, performed a experiment to describe the origin of life on earth. The mixture of methane , water, hydrogen and ammonia , which were found in early earth's atmosphere. these mixture were sealed in inside a test tubes. and flasks connected together in a loop. one flask is half filled with water and another one contains electrode. gases were circulated around apparatus imitating the earth's atmosphere.
The electrodes were used to spark fire to imitate light and storm through vapor. vapours were cooled and come back to first flask in continuous cycle. After a week he found amino acid and other organic compounds as a result of this experiment.
Hence, Stanley miller's spark - discharge experiment demonstrated simple molecules can react to form Organic molecules under the conditions of earth's early atmosphere.
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Thanks for you help:)
Answer:
they spread out waiting until each orbital has one electron before doubling up (the last bullet point)
Explanation:
This is because electrons are negatively charged so if they doubled up together in the begging, they would repel each other.
is the formation of phosgene from carbon monoxide and diatomic chlorine an elementary reaction? that is, does it occur in a single step? explain your answer.
Yes, formation of phosgene from carbon monoxide and diatomic chlorine is an elementary reaction. A one-step reaction kind that is referred to as an elementary reaction. And this kind of reaction occurs in a single step.
Elementary reactionThe coefficients of all the reactants in the balanced equation can also be used to get the rate law for an elementary reaction.
For example, to be seen as the rate = k[A]2[B] is the rate rule for the elementary reaction 2A + B products.
What does a chemical fundamental reaction entail?The simplest kind of reaction is an elementary reaction that takes place in just one step.
The molecularity of an elementary reaction—a measure of how many molecules of reactants is involved—is typically used to categories them.
Elementary reactions are also well-defined chemical processes that happens only when two or in rarely three molecules or ions that collide.
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HELP ASAP PLEASEEEEEEEEE!
The respective atomic number, mass number, protons, electrons and neutrons of the following atoms are as follows:
Na - 11, 23, 11, 11, 12S - 16, 32, 16, 16, 16Ag (silver) - 47, 108, 47, 47, 61Au (gold) - 79, 197, 79, 79, 118What is atomic number?The atomic number of an element is the number of protons in the atom of that element. In a neutral atom, the number of protons is same as the number of electrons.
However, the mass number is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the atom.
This means that we can get the number of neutrons in an atom of an element by subtracting the number of protons/atomic number from the mass number.
Therefore, based on the above explanation, the respective atomic number, mass number, protons, electrons and neutrons of the following atoms are as follows:
Na - 11, 23, 11, 11, 12S - 16, 32, 16, 16, 16Ag (silver) - 47, 108, 47, 47, 61Au (gold) - 79, 197, 79, 79, 118Learn more about atomic number at: https://brainly.com/question/16858932
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Suppose you have 100. 00 ml of a solution of a dye and transfer 2. 00 ml of the solution to a 100. 00ml volumetric flask. After adding water to the 100. 00 ml mark, you take 5. 00 ml of that solution and again dilute to 100. 00 ml. If you find the dye concentration in the final diluted sample is 0. 000158 m, what was the dye concentration in the original solution.
If we have 100.0 ml of a dye and transfer 2.00 ml of the solution to a 100.00 ml volumetric flask and after adding water to the 100.00 ml mark, we take 5.00 ml of the solution and again dilute it 100.00 ml such that the dye concentration in the final diluted solution is 0.000158 M, then the dye concentration in the original solution is 0.158 M.
When 5 ml of the solution was taken in that stage the number of moles of dye present in the solution at that time is same after diluting it with water to a volume of 100 ml.
So, Number of moles of dye in 5 ml = number of moles in final dilution
Molarity of dye in 5 ml x Volume of solution = Molarity in final dilution x final volume
M x 5ml = 0.000158 x 100
M = (0.000158 x 100)/ 5
= 0.0158/5 = 0.00316 M
Now, the number of moles present in 2 ml of the sample = number of moles on diluting it 100 ml.
Molarity of dye in 2 ml x Volume = molarity on diluting it x volume on diluting it
M x 2 ml = 0.00316 x 100
M = (0.00316 x 100)/2
= 0.158 M
Molarity of initial solution = molarity of 2 ml f the solution
= 0.158 M
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What was the mass of the ethanol plus the graduated cylinder when 20.0 ml of ethanol was added? choose the closest answer.
The mass of the ethanol + graduated cylinder would be 90.33 g.
Density of 20 ml ethanol is = 0.789 g/ml
As we know that density = mass UPON volume
so mass = density * volume
mass = 0.789 g/ml * 20 ml
mass = 15.78 g
If we try to get the volume of water in the experiment it will be 8.9 ml
Mass of graduated cylinder = 29.13 g
Mass of cylinder and mass = 36.33 g
If we combine all the masses we'll get 90.33 g.
Hence, the answer is 90.33 g.
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In normal tissue, the
A rate of mitosis is equal to the rate of apoptosis
B rate of mitosis is much greater than the rate of apoptosis
C rate of mitosis is less than the rate of apoptosis
D rate of mitosis and apoptosis will be zero
Please i need answr rn
Answer:
B. The rate of mitosis is much greater than the rate of apoptosis
Solve the following Scientific Notation Questions:
1) Express the following in standard form:
a) 5.2 x 10^3
b) 9.65x10^-4
c) 8.5x10^-2
Answer:
(1) 5.2 × 10^3 in standard form is 5200
(2) 9.65 × 10^-4 in standard form is 0.000965
(3) 8.5 × 10^-2 in standard form is 0.085
Explanation:
(1) The exponent is 3, making it 10 to the power of 3. As the exponent is positive, the solution is a number greater than the origin or base number. To find our answer, we move the decimal to the right 3 time(s), giving you 5200 as your answer in standard form.
(2) The exponent is -4, making it 10 to the power of negative 4. When an exponent is negative, the solution is a number less than the origin or base number. To find our answer, we move the decimal to the left 4 times, giving you 0.000965 as your answer in standard form.
(3) The exponent is -2, making it 10 to the power of negative 2. When an exponent is negative, the solution is a number less than the origin or base number. To find our answer, we move the decimal to the left 2 times, giving you 0.085 as your answer in standard form.
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truction
Check
A
Active
Identifying Parts of an Atom
B
Identify the parts of the atom that are labeled in the
diagram.
Label A:
Label B:
science
Answer:
a nucles
b electron cloud
Explanation:
1. What is the density and probable identity of a sample of glass with a mass of 37.4 g and a volume of 15.2 mL?
The density of the sample of glass with a mass of 37.4 g and a volume of 15.2 mL is - 2.460 g/ml.
Define density in terms of mass and volume ?The density of a body is defined as ratio of mass per unit volume. Mathematically -
ρ = M/V
M - mass of substance
ρ - density of substance.
V - volume of substance
Given is a sample of glass with a mass of 37.4 g and a volume of 15.2 mL.
From this, we can write -
Mass of glass [M] = 37.4 g
Volume of glass [V] = 15.2 ml
According to the question -
The ratio of mass per unit volume is -
ρ = M/V
Substitute the values of mass and volume, we get -
ρ = 37.4 / 15.2 ml = 2.460 g/cm³.
Hence, the density of the sample of glass with a mass of 37.4 g and a volume of 15.2 mL is - 2.460 g/ml.
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What do these two changes have in common?
compost rotting
cellular respiration
Select all that apply.
Both are changes of state.
Both are caused by heating.
Both are chemical change
Both conserve mass.
The correct answer is (C) and (D). Both are chemical changes and both conserve mass.
The apple rots and turns into compost rotting over time. Due to the fact that the compost cannot be converted back into an apple core, this is an illustration of a chemical transition.
The sugar in the marshmallow can caramelize when it is heated over a flame; this chemical process gives the marshmallow its toasted flavor and brown hue.
When bonds between molecules or atoms are created, disrupted, or both, chemical changes result. This indicates the transformation of one substance with certain physical characteristics changes into another substance with distinct characteristics. Organic, inorganic, and biological changes are the three different types of chemical alterations.
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Polyacrylamide is a water-soluble polymer whose aqueous solution containing 25 g/l develops an osmotic pressure of 0. 54 torr at 25◦c. Find the approximate molecular weight of the polymer sample.
By ideal gas approximation, the molecular weight of the polymer sample is 861471.83 gram.
We need to know about the ideal gas theory to solve this problem. The ideal gas is assumed that there is no interaction between particles in a gas. It can be determined by the equation
P . V = n . R . T
where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles gas, R is the ideal gas constant (0.0821 atm.L/mol.K) and T is temperature.
From the question above, we know that
ρ = 25 g/L
P = 0.54 torr = 0.00071 atm
T = 25⁰ C = 298 K
We can change the number of moles to density form
P . V = n . R . T
P . V = gr/Mr . R . T
Mr = ρ . R . T / P
Mr = 25 . 0.0821 . 298 / 0.00071
Mr = 861471.83 gram
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Which option describes the particles of water as the liquid water actively boils?
(1 point)
Responses
The particles will have the same average kinetic energy and the same temperature during boiling.
The particles will lose kinetic energy and increase temperature during boiling.
The particles will have the same average kinetic energy and a decrease in temperature during boiling.
The particles will lose kinetic energy and decrease temperature during boiling.
2.
What does temperature measure? (1 point)
Responses
the empty space between the particles
the average kinetic energy of the particles
the heat of the particles
the total energy of the particles
3.
Which is the best interpretation of the two flat portions of the graph?
(1 point)
Responses
These show where kinetic energy is increasing.
These show where changes of state are occurring.
These show where temperature is 0ºC.
These show where thermal energy does not exist.
Answer:
The correct option is;
a. The particles will gain a large amount of kinetic energy
Explanation:
As the water temperature reaches 100°C, which is the boiling point for water at atmospheric pressure, the continued heating is then used to break up the strong inter molecular forces between molecules of the water such that the individual molecules are free to move about and due to the high temperature, have gained considerable amount of kinetic energy for the to rise to appreciable height and to also spread.
The heat which converts water into steam is called latent heat as during the boiling phase, the temperature of the water remains constant.
The best scientific theories not only explain and organize known facts but also
O a. generate new predictions.
O b. use historical perspectives.
O c. establish new facts.
O d. discredit other theories.
The best scientific theories not only explain and organize known facts but also (a) generate new prediction.
A scientific theory is made by performing various experiments to verify the observation made. A scientific theory is made by observing something, making hypothesis and testing that hypothesis using experiments and then coming to a conclusion. If the hypothesis made is proved wrong then a new hypothesis is made. And the process is repeated again.
A theory that is accepted now can be proved wrong in the near future. Or one can say that theory not necessarily be applicable in every situation.
The hypothesis that are made are nothing but generation of new predictions.
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The density of silver at room temperature is 10.49 g/cm3, and the density of silver at its melting point is 9.3 g/cm3. What does this information indicate about the differences between solid silver and liquid silver? PLS HELP ME
a)The particles in solid silver have more mass than those in liquid silver.
b)When solid silver melts, its particles move farther apart.
c)The particles in solid silver have more energy than those in liquid silver.
d)When solid silver melts, some of its particles evaporate.
The density of silver at room temperature is 10.49 g/cm3, and the density of silver at its melting point is 9.3 g/cm3 when solid silver melts, its particles 'move farther apart'
From the given data density of silver at room temperature is 10.49 g/cm3, and the density of silver at its melting point is 9.3 g/cm3 then solid melts, liquid state is obtained and intermolecular distance in liquid is more than the intermolecular distance in solid due to this, the strength of intermolecular forces of attraction decreases when silver solid melt then its particles move farther apart and that's why the solid silver which is at room temperature density is more because it is in room temperature but we melt then particles are move faster and move apart from other and density become less.
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If 6. 000 g of sugar is mixed with 9. 000 g of water, what is the concentration in weight percent?.
66.66% is the concentration in weight percent.
In chemistry, what is wt%?Weight percent is sometimes written as w/w, which means [weight of solute/weight of solvent*100 = percent of solute in solution]. In your case, 25 wt% tetramethylammonium in methanol means 25g of tetramethylammonium per 100g of methanol.The weight percentage of an element is calculated by dividing the weight of that element in the sample by the weight of all elements in the sample and multiplying the result by 100. The atomic percentage is calculated by dividing the number of atoms of that element at that weight percentage by the total number of atoms in the sample and multiplying by 100.Steps of the calculation:
weight percent = [tex]\frac{ mass of solute}{ mass of the solution}[/tex]× 100
= [tex]\frac{6.000}{9.000}[/tex] × 100
= 0.666×100
weight percent = 66.66%
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Jill is doing an experiment on the movement of pill bugs. She will place the pill bugs on flat surfaces covered with different materials to see how the texture of each material affects the bugs' movement.
Answer: BRO ONLY 5 POINTS RU MAD?
Explanation: FRGG G TRHGTHTFRH FHTYHRDSHYRSYH
the mass of an empty beaker is 4.995 g. using a pipet, 2.00 ml of an unknown acid solution is added to the beaker. the combined mass of the beaker and acid is 9.893 g. calculate the density of the acid solution.
The answer would be for this question is density = 1.95 g ml^-1.
Density is defined as the mass upon volume.
It is denoted by D.
Its unit is g/cm^3.
According to question,
Given,
Mass of an empty beaker = 4.995 g
Mass of unknown acid solution = 2.00 ml
Total or combined mass of the beaker = 9.893 g
To find density of the acid solution.
Calculation -
As you know the mass of empty beaker also the mass of the beaker increases after adding acid solution so,
Mass = 9.893 g - 4.995 g = 4.898 g
As the mass of an acid already mentioned only you need to get the value of the volume,
1 ml * 4.898 g / 2.0 ml = 2.449 g
Now the density of the acid solution is 1.95 g ml^-1.
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Grey-coloured iron powder was heated in reddish-brown bromine vapour. A yellowish-green powder was formed. State if the yellowish-green powder is an element, a compound or a mixture. Explain your answer.
The yellowish-green powder is a compound because two elements (iron and bromine) chemically combined to form it.
What is a compound?A compound in chemistry is a substance formed by chemical bonding of two or more elements in definite proportions by weight.
This means that a compound is formed by the chemical bonding of two or more elements.
According to this question, a grey-coloured iron powder was heated in reddish-brown bromine vapour to form a yellowish-green powder.
The grey-coloured iron is an element that combined with the reddish-brown bromine gas. This suggests that two elements combined. It can be said to be a chemical reaction because a colour change was observed.
Therefore, the yellowish-green powder is a compound because two elements (iron and bromine) chemically combined to form it.
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Which set of elements is ordered from lowest to highest first ionization energy?
a.Arsenic, Bromine, Francium, Barium b.Francium, Barium, Arsenic, Bromine c.Bromine, Francium, Barium, Arsenic
d.Barium, Arsenic, Bromine, Francium
The order Francium, Barium, Arsenic, Bromine is ordered from lowest to highest first ionization energy as per their individual ionization energies.
Which element has the highest ionization energy and the lowest?Across the periodic table, the first ionization energy fluctuates in a predictable manner. In groups, the ionization energy drops while rising from left to right during the course of a period.
Helium on the periodic table thus has the highest first ionization energy, whereas francium has one of the lowest.
What element types would have the lowest initial ionization energy?Alkali metals have the lowest initial ionization energies because when one electron’s outermost shell is removed, they acquire a stable configuration.
What has the highest first ionization energy of the following?Due to its desire to absorb electrons and lack of tendency to lose them from its valence, fluorine has the highest initial ionization energy.
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A sample of he gas and o2 have the same temperature, pressure, and volume. Which gas has a greater number of collisions of gas molecules with the walls of the container?.
If a sample of He gas and O₂ have the same temperature, pressure, and volume then He gas will have more collisions.
This is because the He gas has less molecular mass then the oxygen gas and hence it can move more easily than oxygen thus will collide more with the walls of the container while being on the same temperature, pressure and volume as the oxygen gas. because of its low molecular mass it moves with the high average velocity than the oxygen gas and hence the rate of its collision with the walls of the container ins more.
Thus the He gas will have more number of collisions then the Oxygen gas while having same temperature, pressure and volume.
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Your job is to design a mixer to produce 200 kg/day of battery acid. The mixer will operate continuously and at steady state. The battery acid product must contain 18. 6 wt% h2so4 in water. Raw materials available include a concentrated sulfuric acid solution at 77 wt% h2so4 in water, and pure water. What is the flow rate of each raw material into the mixer?
Answer: Sulfuric acid
Explanation: Sulfuric acid is a colorless oily liquid. It is soluble in water with release of heat. It is corrosive to metals and tissue.
The process of changing position is
Motion is the act of shifting one's position.
By motion, what do you mean?The physics term for a body's position or orientation changing over time. Translation is the movement along a straight or curved path.. Rotation is a motion that modifies a body's orientation.
According to the information provided,
a body is said to be in motion if its position varies over time. Speed, velocity, distance traveled, displacement, acceleration, and time may all be quantitatively described.
Physics' discipline of kinematics discusses a body's motion without mentioning its cause, while dynamics examines forces as well as how they affect motion.
When it is discovered that an object is not altering its location with respect to a certain frame of reference, it is said to be at rest. Another word for the condition of rest is stationary.
Thus, we could draw the conclusion that motion is the process by which an object's location changes over time.
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According to the linear model of mass communication, an advertisement for cereal is an example of a:______
According to the linear model of mass communication, an advertisement for cereal is an example of a message.
What do you mean by mass communication?The process of developing, sending, receiving, and analyzing messages for large audiences through spoken and written media is known as mass communication (or communications). It is a broad field that takes into account both the means by which a communication is created and its intended audience. These media span a variety of platforms and include print, social media, digital and Internet media, radio, and television. Strategic communication, health communication, political communication, integrated marketing communications, journalism, and other related professions are all included in the multidisciplinary aspect of mass communication.
There are various bachelor's and master's in mass communication programs provided by colleges and universities across the country for those who are interested in working in public communication or studying it as a topic of study.
The development, dissemination, and evaluation of effective communications aimed at sizable audiences is the domain of mass communication specialists who are knowledgeable in rhetorical principles and strategic media tactics.
Every day, mass communication strategies are used by public relations specialists, journalists, broadcast professionals, advertisers and marketers, content writers, graphic designers and illustrators, public health educators, corporate media managers, and other media professionals to create and implement strategic communication plans — from broadcast news to online marketing campaigns and public health announcements — across almost every industry.
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When sodium (Na) is mixed with water, an explosion takes place. Based on its location on the periodic table, how will potassium (K) behave with water?PLS HELP ME
a) Potassium is in the same period as sodium and shares similar properties so it will explode.
b) Potassium has the same number of valence electrons as sodium so it will explode in water.
c). Potassium is a non metal but sodium is a metal so potassium will not explode.
d) Potassium is in the same group as sodium so it does not share similar chemical properties and it will not explode.
Answer:d
Explanation:
Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture? a) Ice cubes in soda c) Sandy water b) Vinegar d) Silver
Answer:
The answer is salty water
Explanation:
Hope this helps :)
Another classmate argues that wind power merits more investment and development, and cites data in Figure 2 as evidence. Evaluate this argument. Do you agree with the classmate? What additional evidence would help strengthen your position?
PLEASE HELP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
I believe that the wind power is more than they make it out to be. The most powerful and best is hydraulic and natural gas.
Describe the relationship between the kinetic energy of particles and states of matter.
The existence of distinct states of matter is explained by variations in kinetic energy. Because matter particles are attracted to one another, they tend to group together. Only if the particles possess sufficient kinetic energy to overcome this force of attraction can they move apart.
It can be explained as follows:
Matter exists as a solid if particles lack the kinetic energy to dissipate the force of attraction between them. The particles are held securely in place and are tightly packed together. They are only able to vibrate. This explains why the volume and shape of solids are fixed.Matter exists as a liquid if particles have enough kinetic energy to partially overcome the force of attraction between them. While the particles can slide past one another, they cannot totally separate. This explains why liquids have a constant volume but can change shape.Matter exists as a gas if particles possess sufficient kinetic energy to totally overcome the force of attraction between them. The granules may separate and disperse. This clarifies why.So, the kinetic energy is decidable factor in the occurrence of matter in a particular state.
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