The highlighted epithelium contains 5 layers in thick skin and the layers which would not be found in thin skin is referred to as stratum lucidum.
What is Skin?
This is referred to as the largest organ which is found in the body and comprises of different substances such as fats, protein etc. The skin is in involved in the protection against pathogens ans other foreign bodies. It is a sense organ and contains receptors for stimuli such as heat, touch etc.
Stratum lucidum on the other hand refers to the layers of clear dead cells present on the skin and are usually translucent when viewed under a microscope.
It is not present in the thin skin and are mostly found in the thick layers. They are commonly found in the parts of the body such as palms which is therefore the reason why it was chosen as the correct choice.
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which of the amino acids could participate in hydrophobic interactions with another amino acid in the chain to stabilize the tertiary structure of the protein?
The Amino acid which can participate in hydrophobic interactions with another amino acid in the chain to stabilize the tertiary structure of the protein is phenylalanine.
What is phenylalanine?
An amino acid, which is a "building block" of protein, is phenylalanine. Phenylalanine comes in three different forms: D-phenylalanine, L-phenylalanine, and DL-phenylalanine, a mixture created in a lab.
The amino acid D-phenylalanine is not necessary. Its function within the body is yet unknown. An important amino acid is L-phenylalanine. In proteins, phenylalanine only appears in only one form. L-phenylalanine is mostly found in meat, fish, eggs, cheese, and milk.
The amino acid phenylalanine has the potential to engage in hydrophobic interactions with another amino acid in the chain to stabilize the protein's tertiary structure.
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long je, dejesus m, ward d, baker re, ioerger t, sassetti cm (2015) identifying essential genes in mycobacterium tuberculosis by global phenotypic profi ling. methods mol biol 1279:79–95
Transposon sequencing (TnSeq) is a next-technology deep sequencing-primarily based totally technique to quantitatively investigate the composition of complicated mutant transposon libraries after stress from selection.
Although this technique may be used for any organism wherein transposon mutagenesis is possible, this bankruptcy describes its use in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. More specifically, the strategies for producing complicated libraries thru transposon mutagenesis, layout of selective stress, extraction of genomic DNA, amplification and quantification of transposon insertions thru next-technology deep sequencing are covered. Determining gene essentiality and statistical evaluation on information accumulated also are discussed.The majority (96%) of the genes we recognized as vital for MAH in vitro had a mutual ortholog withinside the associated and enormously virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb).
However, passaging our library thru a mouse version of contamination discovered a full-size number (54% of overall hits) of novel virulence genes. More than 97% of the MAH virulence genes had a mutual ortholog in Mtb.
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• How did your original thoughts about biomes compare with data collected
during your investigation?
On the planet, areas with similar latitudes tend to have similar climates and, consequently, similar biomes. However, topography also has an impact on climate, which can affect the characteristics of different biomes in areas with the same latitude.
A region is defined by its major vegetation type as a result of its climate and terrain to form a biome. The biome and broad vegetation characteristics of a location can be predicted using temperature and rainfall patterns within that area.The variety of species present in the terrestrial and oceanic ecosystems of the planet is known as biodiversity. An ecosystem's health is frequently evaluated based on how diverse it is.A biome's inhabitants have developed adaptations that enable them to live and breed there.The vegetation and organisms that have adapted to a biome can be impacted by natural disturbances like fire, storms, and illness.The biodiversity within a biome can be influenced by the interactions between living and nonliving variables in an ecosystem, such as symbiotic connections, competition, climate, topography, natural events, and human impact.
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provide an example of how fats help living organisms survive.
Answer:
dietary fats are essential for our body to survive.
Explanation:they help protect our organs and help keep our body warm.it produces important hormones.
which of the statements explains how an oxygen-rich atmosphere became possible on earth? photosynthetic organisms have existed on earth longer than heterotrophs. rates of carbon fixation and respiration are equal. rates of oxygen consumption are lower than rates of photosynthesis. the number of plants is greater than the number of animals.
Rates of oxygen consumption were lower than rates of photosynthesis. As there is more oxygen in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide, photosynthesis happens more quickly than oxygen is used up.
The most advanced life on earth would have been green microbial slime without oxygen, according to research author David Catling. Fortunately, some bacteria were able to split water into hydrogen and oxygen in the early oceans. In fact, photosynthetic organisms still undergo this separation today.
They use the sun's energy to split the molecules of water, using the hydrogen they release as a byproduct to make organic compounds like carbohydrates.
According to conventional thinking, enormous amounts of this hydrogen-rich organic waste eventually became buried under the ground, allowing oxygen to build up in the atmosphere.
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moreover, trap stress can include long captivity times, increased density, increased predatory behavior among trapped organisms, exposure to harmful environmental conditions, and increased wounding through handling or attempted cannibalism.
Long captivity times, increased density, increased predatory behavior among trapped organisms, exposure to harmful environmental conditions, and increased wounding from handling or attempted cannibalism can all contribute to trap stress.
Sources of stress Organisms in captivity:
Organisms kept in artificial habitats face a variety of potentially provocative environmental problems. This article addresses many of the potential stress that can adversely affect Organisms in captivity. Includes abiotic environmental stress sources such as surfaces.
In addition, inclusion-specific stressors are considered, such as restrictions on movement, reduced shelter space, forced proximity to humans, reduced opportunities for feeding, being in unusual social groups, and other restrictions on opportunities for behavior will be.
Studies that support the claim that these environmental elements are stress in captive Organisms do not demonstrate a distinct sequence of behavioral or physiological responses that clearly indicate the cause of these responses.
Rather, it is up to us, as captive Organisms managers and caretakers, to evaluate enclosures and husbandry practices to ensure the optimal welfare of the Organisms in our care.
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what is the correct order for the events of neurotransmitters in the synapse
Answer: Neurotransmitter release from the presynaptic terminal consists of a series of intricate steps: 1) depolarization of the terminal membrane, 2) activation of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, 3) Ca2+ entry, 4) a change in the conformation of docking proteins, 5) fusion of the vesicle to the plasma membrane, with subsequent
Explanation:
17. All organisms are composed of
a. Diatoms
b. Cellulose
C.
Cells
d. None of the above
Answer:
All organisms are composed of cells
how do enzymes interact with other molecules to affect a chemical reaction?
bind molecules using stronger covalent bonds instead of weaker ones
break down to release energy to be used in binding molecules
hold molecules in specific orientations to allow for chemical bonding
freely bind with any molecules that come near the enzyme freely bind with any molecules that come near the enzyme
Enzymes interact with other molecules to affect a chemical reaction by binding their substrates and holding them in a particular orientation (Option 3 is correct).
What are enzymes?Enzymes are specific proteins (or also RNA in the case of ribozymes) that bind substrates in the active site domain in order to speed up chemical reactions, which is achieved by lowering the activation energy of the reaction in a process that may release energy.
Enzymes can specifically bind to particular substrates in specific regions or molecular domains of these molecules, thereby producing 3D tridimensional structures in the interaction of the complexes enzyme-substrate that have the ability to interact with other macromolecular complexes and thus carry out reactions.
In conclusion, enzymes interact with other molecules to affect a chemical reaction by binding their substrates and holding them in a particular orientation (Option 3 is correct).
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Answer:
hold molecules in specific orientations to allow for chemical bonding
100% right :)
i am in k12
Acellus
Which of these is a true null hypothesis?
A. Are teens better at math than adults?
B. age has no effect on math ability
Answer:
A
Explanation:
A hypothesis has to be a statement.
Answer:
B. Age has no effect on math ability
Explanation:
I did this on Acellus before
90% H20
10% Solute
40% H20
60% Solute
Which way should the water move by osmosis and what happens
to the cell?
water moves out of the cell into the solution and the cell shrinks
O water moves into the cell from the solution and the cell swells
O water moves into and out of the cell at equal rates and the cell stays
the same size
O the water will not move and the cell is unchanged
Answer:
what is that I'm only human
Explanation:
seriously not AI wait it, it's quiz
When kinetic energy is the same what happens to the velocity
Answer:
When kinetic energy is the same the velocity would decrease because mass and velocity are inversely related.
Explanation:
Need help on this fast
If the percent by mass of oxygen in sucrose is 51.3%, then how many grams of oxygen are there in 100.0 g of sucrose?
______________ g
use correct sigfigs or your answer will be marked incorrect by the computer
51.41 grams
:) I hope you get it right.
The chemical formula for sucrose is C12H22O11. There are twelve carbon atoms, twenty two hydrogen atoms and eleven oxygen atoms.
Sucrose:
The chemical formula for sucrose is C12H22O11. Atomic mass of carbon is 342.3 g/ mol.
342.3 g of sucrose contains 51.3 % of oxygen.
So, 100 g of sucrose will contain x % of oxygen.
342.3 = 51.3
100 = x
x= 51.3 * 100/ 342.3
x= 5130/ 342.3
x= 14.9 % of oxygen.
Therefore, The chemical formula for sucrose is C12H22O11. There are twelve carbon atoms, twenty two hydrogen atoms and eleven oxygen atoms.
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10. takai, t. 2002. roles of fc receptors in autoimmunity. nat. rev. immunol. 2: 580–592. 11. lucas, m., x. zhang, v. prasanna, and d. m. mosser. 2005. erk activation following macrophage fcgammar ligation leads to chromatin modifications at the il-10 locus. j. immunol. 175: 469–477
Since the discovery of Fc Receptors and their purpose, it has been forty years. IgG receptors (FcR), high-affinity IgE receptors (FcRI), IgA and IgA/IgM receptors, and neonatal Fc receptor for IgG are all examples of Fc receptors (FcRn).
Particularly, the FcRs have a well-established involvement in the development of immune-mediated disorders as well as numerous biological processes connected to the response to infection and cancer. It has been suggested that Fc receptors, and FcRs in particular, which set a threshold for immune cell activation, have both positive and negative regulatory functions. When it comes to the transport of IgG through polarized epithelial barriers at mucosal surfaces and the regulation of IgG half-life, Fc receptors, like FcRn, have a new shape and function. The potential efficacy of targeting Fc receptors for medicinal purposes is highlighted by these various roles. The most recent data on this biology's therapeutic applications is compiled in this review.To learn more about fc receptors visit:
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Diseased animal cells may produce molecules that activate death cascades to kill the cells in a controlled manner. Why would neighboring healthy cells also die?.
Diseased animal cells may produce molecules that activate death cascades to kill the cells in a controlled manner. Neighboring healthy cells will also die because d. the death molecule passes through gap junctions.
Gap junctions are a type of intracellular connection that is formed between neighboring cells so that they can communicate with each other.
The formation of gap junctions is important as it allows neighboring cells to import and export material such as ions, impulses, etc from each other. The cytoplasm of two neighboring cells forms the connection that is required for the transportation of material.
However, if healthy cells are present near diseased animal cells, then death molecules can also be transferred through the gap junctions among these neighboring cells. As a result, the neighboring healthy cells will also die.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
Diseased animal cells may produce molecules that activate death cascades to kill the cells in a controlled manner. Why would neighboring healthy cells also die?
a.The death molecule is passed through desmosomes.
b.The death molecule is passed through plasmodesmata.
c.The death molecule disrupts the extracellular matrix.
d.The death molecule passes through gap junctions.
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Which type of muscle tissue contracts most quickly upon stimulation?
a. visceral
b. a. smooth
c. skeletal
d. tendons
explain the role of photosynthesis in thw flow of energy between the plant and ghe person shown in the diagram.
Photosynthesis has a role in the cycling of matter and flow of energy into and out of organisms. The flow of energy and cycling of matter can be traced. The chemical reaction by which plants produce complex food molecules (sugars) requires an energy input (i.e., from sunlight) to occur.
Would the mosquito incident be an example of natural selection or artificial selection?
The mosquito incident of drug resistance would most likely be an example of natural selection.
What is Drug resistance?
This is a situation in which a medication is less effective in treating a disease and it leads to the pathogens becoming fitter thereby resulting in the reduced drug effect through several changes which are usually passed from the parent to offspring.
Natural selection is referred to a situation where organisms undergo different types of changes so as to enhance their survival and is exhibited by mosquito which is therefore the reason why it was chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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Unglazed tiles are more permeable than marble and asphalt. They have a life span of around 50 years. They are easy to install and can be used immediately after installing. However, they are more expensive to install than bulk paving materials such as asphalt.
Clay tiles are fired in a kiln, but if they need to be coated with a glaze, that coating must be applied before placing the tiles in the kiln. The glaze is infused into the tile's top layer of clay during the firing process. However, if the tile is not coated before being fired, it is referred to as an unglazed tile. In this approach, the coating on the tiles serves as the primary distinction between glazed and unglazed tiles. Unglazed tiles, whether made of porcelain or ceramic, receive their color from the clay they are constructed of, either naturally or by the addition of pigments.
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A biologist discovers a new signal transduction pathway in fruit flies that involves a protein kinase cascade. As part of a grant proposal he writes to obtain funding for further work on this pathway, the biologist proposes research to look for phosphatase enzymes. Why?.
The biologist must find the enzymes that control the process by removing phosphate groups from signaling cascade components.
The addition or removal of phosphate groups in the signal transduction pathway frequently leads in protein activation. Protein kinases are enzymes that transfer phosphate groups from ATP to proteins. Many relay molecules in a signal transduction route are protein kinases, and they frequently interact with other protein kinases in the pathway. This frequently results in a phosphorylation cascade, in which one enzyme phosphorylates another, which phosphorylates yet another protein, resulting in a chain reaction.
While protein kinases add phosphate group to the pathway, phosphatase enzyme removes a phosphate group from its substrate protein's phosphorylated amino acid residue. Protein phosphatases are the signal transduction pathways off switch. When the signal is no longer available, the signal transduction pathway must be turned off to guarantee that the biological response is properly controlled. Hence, it is expedient for the biologist to add the phosphatases to the proposal.
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Compare the two ways in which earth was supplied with enough water to have an ocean. Which is likely to have contributed most of the water on Earth?
Answer:
One possible way is that the Earth held onto some water when it formed, as there would have been ice in the nebula of gas and dust (called the proto-solar nebula) that eventually formed the sun and the planets about 4.5 billion years ago. Another possible way is that some of that water has remained with the Earth, and might be recycled through the planet's mantle layer. I believe the proto-solar nebula is the most reasonable way since the features of all planets are brought by the elements that formed them; in this case, it was the nebula of gas and dust.
Explanation:
Hopefully this helped! :)
Consider one of the procedures where amylase and starch are reacting. If there is strong amylase activity and it is breaking down starch, then you would assign an enzyme activity level of ________.
Answer:
Activity level of 3
Explanation:
To evaluate the enzyme activity you might observe the amounts of starch remaining in a solution or the enzyme activity. Both of them can be done qualitatively by adding substances such as iodine to the sample, which will express, through different degrees of the blue color, the enzyme activity level. So,
no enzymatic activity ----------------> level 0
low enzymatic activity ---------------> level 1
moderate enzymatic activity ------> level 2
High enzymatic activity --------------> level 3
Why do cockroaches want the liquid at the base of the clusia flowers
Answer:
Nectary-like bodies situated at the floral base seem to stabilize the shape of the flower additionally.
Wild-type mice have brown fur. You have two strains of pure breeding mutant mice, both of which have white fur. When you cross the two strains with each other, all of the progeny have wild-type brown fur. What does this genetic complementation tell you?.
You cross the two strains with each other, all of the progeny have wild-type brown fur. This is more than one gene is involved in determining the coat color phenotype genetic complementation tell you.
In the laboratory mouse, over 80 genes have been found to influence coat colour, and more than 25% of them have undergone molecular characterization.The MC1R gene alleles that mice inherit have an impact on the colour of their fur. The fur colour of mice with two copies of allele 1 is the lightest, that of mice with two copies of allele 2 is the darkest, and that of mice with heterozygotes is in the middle.Our bodies can alter the types or quantities of hormones we produce in response to changes in age, nutrition, climate, sun exposure, and a number of other factors. Over the course of a lifetime, the genes that produce melanin may turn on or off, changing the colour of your hair. Some animals have a twice-yearly hair colour shift.To learn more about gene.
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Tay sach is due to the presence of enzyme that is inverted in the catabolism of which thing
Tay sach is due to the presence of enzyme that is inverted in the catabolism of fatty substance.
Tay sach- The enzyme beta-hexosaminidase A is deficient as a result of the genetic mutation that causes Tay-Sachs disease. The fatty compound GM2 ganglioside must be broken down in order for this enzyme to function. The brain and spinal cord's nerve cells are harmed by the accumulation of fatty substances.
Mutation- A mutations are changes to an organism's DNA sequence. Errors in Replication of DNA during cell division, exposure to mutagens, or viral infection can all cause mutations.
DNA- The molecule found inside cells that carries the genetic material necessary for an organism to grow and operate.
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A high-speed cell chase down Chemotaxis Street ended with an escaped suspect! The responding police officer could not catch the cell because the cell had a long whip-like tail that allowed it to move quickly. Which organism is the most likely suspect?
Group of answer choices
Paramecium
Amoeba
Pseudopod
Euglena
Answer:
D. Euglena
Explanation:
Euglena organisms have flagellum.
Individuals iii-3 and iii-4 are expecting their first child when they become aware that they both have a family history of this recessive condition. As their genetic counselor, you can calculate the probability that they are carriers and that their child will be affected with the condition.
The probability that they are carriers and that their child will be affected by the condition is 2/32. 1/23. 1/12.
What is pedigree analysis?Each of the ends with respect to quality activity (predominant/latent; co-dominant) we have examined so far has been acquired from investigating the consequences of controlled peevish.
In certain circumstances, we don't have the valuable chance to perform controlled peevish. Maybe we really want to examine a current populace.
This is dependably the situation while concentrating on human hereditary qualities. Researchers have formulated another methodology, called family examination, to concentrate on the legacy of qualities in people.
The family investigation is likewise valuable while concentrating on any populace when descendants' information from a few ages is restricted. The family examination is likewise valuable while concentrating on species with a long generation time.
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What does 'angiosperm' mean and what structures do these plants contain differently from gymnosperms?
Ask Questions Hummingbirds eat high-energy
foods such as nectar. Many ducks eat foods that
contain less energy, such as plant leaves. What are
some research questions you could investigate to
discover more about the diet of a bird species and
its energy needs?
Birds eat complex materials such as leaves because they contain specific enzymes to break them down and release chemical energy from foods. They eat foods to obtain much energy for flying (approximately 10,000 calories per day).
How many calories do birds require?Birds need to eat many eat organic matter from other live sources such as the leaves of plants because they have high energy requirements in order to expend it in complex activities such as flying. On average, a bird of medium size may consume over 10,000 calories per day.
The calories consumed by birds must be highly energetic and contain major nutrients, especially protein and fat.
In conclusion, birds are animals that can eat complex foods including plant leaves because gastric enzymes can break these foods in order to release energy. Birds need much energy (when compared to other groups such as mammals) because they need much energy during flying, being on average 10,000 calories on a daily basis.
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Water is an excellent solvent. With water being a polar molecule, it can be an especially strong solvent for other polar molecules. Give an example of how water acting as a solvent is important for living organisms.
Water serves to regulate pH and functions as a solvent for carbon dioxide expelled from tissues and blood (because it forms carbonic acid that lowers pH when it tends to get higher).
A blood pH of approximately 7.4 should be maintained. The fact that pH regulates ionization of proteins, which in turn affects charges and interactions between side groups of amino acids, is one important factor. Therefore, a pH change may denature proteins and impair biological processes.
What makes cellular function important?Energy is generated and nutrients are used intracellularly, inside the cell. The metabolic processes required to maintain life are jeopardized if a cell does not work. Cell dysfunction's cumulative impacts include illness, exhaustion, and pain.
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