transformation and procresses in the water and carbon. help!​

The most accurate nucleotide base composition of the dna double helix is t+g = a+c (t = thymine, a = adenine, c = cytosine, g = guanine)

According to the Chargaff's rule, DNA from any mobileular of all organisms have pyrimidine and purine bases in 1:1 ratio. Hence, the quantity of guanine is same to cytosine and the quantity of adenine is same to thymine.

This is because, in a dsDNA, adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine.There are 4 nucleotides, or bases, in DNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T).

These bases shape precise pairs (A with T, and G with C).Watson and Crick advanced their thoughts approximately genetic replication in a 2d article in Nature, posted on May 30, 1953. The  had proven that during DNA, shape is function: the double-stranded molecule may want to each produce genuine copies of itself and deliver genetic instructions.  

Hence, the correct option is (c)

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Vertebrate evolution has been punctuated by way of three episodes of huge gene or genome duplication, which have been linked with the foundation of vertebrates, gnathostomes and teleosts, respectively. These three events coincide with bursts of character acquisition and increases in phenotypic complexity, and many researchers have recommended a causal relationship between the two. However, this pattern is derived from statistics for residing taxa only; we argue here that, when fossils are taken into account, bursts of character acquisition disappear and gen(om)e duplication in vertebrate phylogeny can no longer be correlated with the foundation of physique plans. If patterns of persona acquisition or morphological gaps between greater taxa are a reflection of phenotypic complexity, then extra inclusive statistics units incorporating fossil taxa provide no assist for hypotheses linking gen(om)e duplications and the evolution of complexity in vertebrates.

Vertebrates are animals that possess a vertebral column and/or notochord at any factor in their lives.” One of the methods existence is classified is thru the presence or absence of the vertebrate. Vertebrates and invertebrates developed from a common ancestor that was speculated to have lived around 600 million years ago.

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The characteristic that helps distinguish deuterostomes from protostomes is (a) embryological origin of the mouth from blastopore.

Deuterostomes are the organisms in which the mouth develops from the opening other than the blastopore (the first opening). In deuterostomes the anus forms from the blastopore. The example of deuterostomes is: vertebrates (and thus humans), sea stars, and crinoids.

Protostomes are the organisms in which the mouth develops from the blastopore. Their anus is formed after the formation of mouth. Examples are:  arthropods, molluscs, annelids, flatworms and nematodes. Both protostomes and deuterostomes have a common ancestor called Ediacaran, a worm-like aquatic animal.

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Trying to determine whether a fossil is a human ancestor, we should always look for skeleton or bone that make us human today.

Bone is a connective tissue which is metabolically active and the main function of bone is to provide mechanical or structural support as well as perform movement, and protect important organs of the body.

The bone is made up of bone cells known as osteocytes and extracellular matrix. The total number of bone human body contain is 206 bones including bones of spine, legs, arms, ribs, and skull.

Bones are made up of calcium and carbonate and they have bone marrow in which blood cells are produced. By nature bones came in category of living and they are active tissue .

There are several types of bones such as flat bones, short bones, sesamoid bones, and long bones. The function of bone is to protect vital organs of the body.

Therefore, trying to determine whether a fossil is a human ancestor, we should always look for skeleton or bone that make us human today.

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To achieve distinct cellular identities during neuronal development, a complicated dance of transcriptional choices is needed.

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the question you are looking for is

DeCoN: genome-wide analysis of in vivo transcriptional dynamics during pyramidal neuron fate selection in neocortex

Ionic bonding involves electrostatic interactions between oppositely charged ions, and can significantly enhance the binding strength of biomolecules immobilized to materials.

A chemical link known as an ionic bond occurs when an electron is transferred from one atom to another. Ionic bonding requires the presence of an electron acceptor and an electron donor, which is frequently a metal (often a nonmetal). Electrovalence is the process of moving electrons. A positive ion, also known as a cation, is created when an atom loses one or more electrons. The other atom that picks up one or more electrons will change into a negative ion known as an anion. The elemental name is modified by adding a -ide at the end to designate the ion that accepts the electron. For instance, the name of the anion of chlorine is chloride while the anion of sulfur is sulfide.

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Answer:

Researchers broke down sustainable development into categories such as carbon dioxide emissions and use of natural resources like nitrogen, phosphorus and clean water. Bad news, Earthlings: It may be possible for everyone on the planet to live a “good” life.

Explanation:

Sustainability improves the quality of our lives, protects our ecosystem and preserves natural resources for future generations.

Sustainable living means understanding how our lifestyle choices impact the world around us and finding ways for everyone to live better and lighter. Applying a 'people lens' to sustainability is new, timely and opportunities are great.

The correct answer is Option A) Erosion.

When there is a loss of tooth substance due to a chemical process that does not involve bacterial action it is known as erosion.

Dental erosion or tooth erosion is the chemical loss of mineralized tooth substances which is caused due to exposure to acids which is not derived from oral bacteria.

There are two ways of fixing tooth erosion:

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The form of inheritance represented by mitochondrial genetic disorders is cytoplasmic inheritance.

The cell contains several cell organelles like mitochondria, chloroplast, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, etc.

Among the organelles present inside the cell, mitochondria and chloroplast are the two organelles that contain their own DNA.

During fertilization, the fusion of sperm and the ovum takes place to form the zygote.

The majority of the cytoplasm present inside the zygote is from the maternal cytoplasm i.e., the ovum. The paternal contribution to the zygote’s cytoplasm is negligible.

Therefore, if any disorder occurs in the maternal mitochondrial DNA, it will get inherited by the offspring.

As the mitochondria are present in the cytoplasm of the cell, the inheritance of mitochondrial traits is known as cytoplasmic inheritance.

Hence, the form of inheritance represented by mitochondrial genetic disorders is cytoplasmic inheritance.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Oxygen. Oxygen supports combustion . If oxygen is present in a test tube, a glowing splint relights when it is held inside.

Answer: Actually, the exact density of water is not really 1 g/ml, but rather a bit less (very, very little less), at 0.9998395 g/ml at 4.0° Celsius (39.2° Fahrenheit).

Explanation: Its hydrogen bonding causes its many unique properties, such as having a solid form less dense than its liquid form, a relatively high boiling point of 100 °C for its molar mass, and a high heat capacity. is a constant, so their respective concentrations are inversely proportional to each other.

Actually, at 4.0 degrees Celsius (39.2 degrees Fahrenheit), water has a density of 0.9998395 g/ml, which is very, very slightly less than 1 g/ml. Its numerous distinctive characteristics.

A solid form that is less dense than its liquid form, a comparatively high boiling point of 100 °C for its molar mass, and a high heat capacity, are all brought about by its hydrogen bonding.

The density equation is straightforward: Take the mass of an item with uniformly distributed material.

A substance's density is a measurement of how heavy it is in relation to its size. When placed in water, an object will float if its density is lower than that of the water, whereas it will sink if its density is higher. The density of a material is a distinguishing quality that is independent of the substance's volume.

Therefore, Actually, at 4.0 degrees Celsius (39.2 degrees Fahrenheit), water has a density of 0.9998395 g/ml, which is very, very slightly less than 1 g/ml. Its numerous distinctive characteristics.

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Each of the main types of biological macromolecules is polymers of specific types of monomers. It is a correct statement.

Biomolecules usually referred to as biological molecules, are among the various compounds made by organisms that live on carbohydrates. These biomolecules come in a plethora of shapes and sizes. They also carry out a variety of tasks. Lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids are the four main categories of biomolecules.

Therefore, this is a correct statement.

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Selective adaptation is when we view a stimulus with a specific property, and the neurons tune to that property fire, eventually becoming fatigued.

Neurons tune to a particular attribute fire when we see a stimulus with that property; over time, this firing fatigues the neurons or causes them to adapt. The neuron's firing rate drops due to this adaptation and fires less often when the same stimulus is provided to it again right away.

For instance, a page of plain black text on a white backdrop will undoubtedly capture your attention and make it easier for you to identify important information. However, if you keep viewing pages and pages of mainly neon pink highlights, you'll probably grow accustomed to them, and they will eventually stop drawing your attention.

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The correct option should be Religion brings peace into people’s lives; option 4

What is religion?

Religion is a set of organized beliefs, practices, and systems that most often relate to the belief and worship of a controlling force.

Many people have differing views about religion and its impact on the society.

Religion in its purest form was designed to  bring peace into people’s lives.

The major religions of the world are:

Christians follow the teachings of Jesus Christ and worship in a Church.

The main teaching in Churches are centred on peace and harmony in people's lives.

Therefore, religion is meant to bring peace in people' s lives.

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Hydrogen bonds lead water molecules to exhibit intense intermolecular attraction. We refer to this as cohesiveness.

These two characteristics result from the need for additional energy to break hydrogen bonds. The term "specific heat" refers to the amount of heat that 1 g of a substance must absorb or lose to change its temperature by 1°C. Water has a high specific heat (1 calorie/g/°C). This characteristic guarantees gradual water heating and maintains the environment's and living things' stable temperatures.

At 4°C, water has its highest density. On the other hand, ice is less dense than liquid water and floats on surface water, insulating the underwater film freezing and protecting aquatic life. However, at 4°C, water becomes less dense due to their separation.

This fights against the attraction of ions with opposing charges. As a result, water is an effective solvent for many non-ionizable organic compounds and salts.

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Answer: c)movement

Explanation:

The required activation energy compare for the two reactions is that (D) Cellular respiration needs a smaller amount of energy to activate the reaction because the products are at a lower energy state than the reactants.

Chlorophyll absorbs energy from light (photons/quanta) to create ATP molecules in the process of photosynthesis, which is primarily an intricate endothermic mechanism. Both the creation of glucose and oxygen is aided by them.

In contrast to photosynthesis, respiration takes place in specialized organelles called mitochondria and is an exothermic activity. Numerous enzymes break down glucose in this step to generate energy that is then combined with ATP Synthase to create ATP molecules.

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Question correction:

Cellular respiration is an exothermic reaction and photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction. How does the required activation energy compare for these two reactions?

A.   Photosynthesis needs a higher amount of energy to activate the reaction because the products are at a lower energy state than the reactants.

B. Cellular respiration needs a higher amount of energy to activate the reaction because the products are at a lower energy state than the reactants.

C. Photosynthesis needs a smaller amount of energy to activate the reaction because the products are at a lower energy state than the reactants.

D. Cellular respiration needs a smaller amount of energy to activate the reaction because the products are at a lower energy state than the reactants.

A cross between an aabb individual and an aabb individual will produce all aabb offspring.

For crossing of aabb with an aabb individual , the homozygous gametes separate from the dihybrid parents . produce ab gametes of each individual which are fused  to give heterozygous progeny aabb individual in F1 generation.

Then there is dihybrid cross occur which results in F2 generation with all aabb offspring .

What is crossing ?

Artificial pollination between plants having contrasting genes for a character is known as crossing and product of such cross is known as hybrid F1 generation .

depending upon the genes pairs involved crosses are of the three types they are monohybrid cross , dihybrid cross and poly-hybrid cross .

What is dihybrid cross ?

In such cross two pairs of genes are involved , each affecting a different character e.g., cross between plant having yellow and round seed and green and wrinkled seed .

such a cross gives a phenotypic ratio 9:3:3:1 and a genotypic ratio of 1:2:1:2:4:2:1:2:1 .

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Left cerebral hemisphere

Michael Gazzaniga and Roger Sperry carried out the Split-Brain investigation. When Sperry and Ronald Myers discovered that each hemisphere functioned independently as if it were a full brain after the two hemispheres were excised, this discovery served as the impetus for the investigation (Gazzaniga). Prior to doing the study, the researchers' knowledge of the subject was based on Sperry and Myers' discovery, findings from studies of animals, and accounts of people who had had "brain-splitting" surgery. The goal of the study was to see if, in individuals with epilepsy who had had surgery, the hemispheres could function independently of one another when they were divided.

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Answer:

Kinesiology is the study of human or non-human body movement. The seven types of sciences it encompasses are physiology, anatomy, biomechanics, psychology, sociology, motor learning and sports pedagogy.

The independent variable is what is being tested (option C).

Independent variable is the variable that is manipulated or changed in a series of an experiment.

On the other hand, a dependent variable is the variable that is being measured or recorded in the experiment.

For example, in an experiment where the effects of temperature is tested on the rate of change of a chemical reaction, the temperature is the independent variable because it is what is being tested.

Therefore, the independent variable of an experiment is what is being tested.

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Elephants walk on their toes, distributing their body weight equally over the fatty/connective tissue near the heel,  tilted foot shape. Thus, option D is correct.

Elephant feet have an inclined bone and a thick pad of fat and connective tissue near the heel.

Elephants walk on their toes, distributing their body weight equally over the fatty/connective tissue near the heel to the tilted foot shape having. The highest structural level in the elephant body.

For instance, a 2.88 m tall, 4,167 kg adult male Asian elephant distributes just 3.8 kg (8.38 lb) of weight per square inch on its heels.

Elephants can move safely over uneven terrain and muddy ground thanks to their unusual foot anatomy.

Therefore, the foot​ represents the highest structural level in the elephant body.

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A fever can become dangerous to body functions if it continues to rise because: the proteins become denatured and are unable to complete their jobs.

Fever is the physiological condition of the body where the body temperature is higher than normal. The normal temperature of the body is around 98.6°F. If the temperature rises above 99°F, then the body can be said to be in a state of fever.

Proteins are the polymers of amino acids. These are the most important macromolecules that perform major of the functions and reactions in the body. Protein can only work in a specific form of structure and if that structure is ruptured the protein is said to be denatured.

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1) The levelling is due to the attainment of saturation point

2) The production of more maltose show that 25 °C is the optimum temperature of the enzyme.

An enzyme is a biological catalyst that see to the speeding up of the chemical reactions that occur in the body.  Recall that an enzyme must be specific in its action. This implies that no two enzymes are able to catalyze the same reaction. The owes largely to the fact that the enzyme fits with the substrate in a lock and key model.

Let us recall that us recall that an enzyme does have an optimum temperature at which it functions, At the optimum temperature of the enzyme, the productivity of the enzyme is highest.

It then follows that;

1) The enzymes level off in the both curves because it has reached the saturation point.

2) The   at 4th minute time, more maltose had been produced at 25 °C than at 18 °C because  25 °C  is the optimum operating temperature of maltose

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Answer:

Is it moving?

Is it breathing (the movements became slower because there's more carbon dioxide in there now)?

Is it eating? (Give it a fruit or a vegetable or a meat)

The term used when pollen from GMO crops fertilizes non-GMO plants is: (c) crossbreeding.

GMO crops are the genetically modified crops. These are those plants that get their genetic sequence modified using various techniques so as to bring out the best characteristics and yield from the plant. The modification can be in the form of addition, deletion or exchange of genes. Various crops that have been modified are: soybean, cotton, potato, etc.

Cross-breeding is the mating between two organisms that may be of different species, breed or variety. Since GMO crops and non-GMO crops do not belong to the same variety, they can have cross-breeding between them.

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The valve on the cooler compare with the switch in an electric circuit such that opening the valve allows water to flow, just like opening a switch allows charges to flow.

This refers to a substance which regulates the flow of a liquid by opening or closing it and is commonly used in pipes and other types of fittings.  It also has some similarities in functions with that of a switch which is used in an electric circuit.

Opening the valve allows water to flow which is the same as how opening a switch allows charges to flow and vice versa which is the most appropriate comparison between the two substances.

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Plants like ferns and conifers have xylem “straws” that are made of slender cells called tracheids. At maturity these cells die, leaving behind a rigid cell wall scaffolding tube to conduct water and minerals.