Oxidation State
In chemistry, when naming ionic compounds there will sometimes be a roman numeral after the first element. This number represents the oxidation state of the element. An oxidation state is defined as the hypothetical charge of an atom, assuming that all of its bonds are fully ionic. In other words, the oxidation state shows how many electrons an atom gives or receives after ionization.
In ionic compounds, there will only ever be a roman numeral after the first element. This element will always be the cation (positively charged ion). So, the roman numeral will show how many electrons each cation gave.
When Roman Numerals are Necessary
This is necessary when you deal with transition metals or any other element that has multiple oxidation states. For example, iron can give 2 or 3 electrons. So, when naming a compound with iron you need to use a (II) or (III) to show how many electrons each iron atom gave.
When Roman Numerals are Unnecessary
On the other hand, roman numerals are unnecessary when using an element that only has one possible oxidation state. For example, Na can only give 1 electron ever, so it does not need a roman numeral. Additionally, elements in the second group like Mg can only ever give 2 electrons, so they also don't need a roman numeral to follow their name.
How many kilograms of dry air are in a room that measures 15.0 ft by 18.0 ft by 8.00 ft? Use an average density of air of 1.168 g/L. There are 30.48 cm in one foot.
(THIS IS A DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS QUESTION)
The number of kilograms of dry air in the room that measures 15.0 ft by 18.0 ft by 8.00 ft is 71.44 Kg
We'll begin by obtaining the volume of the room. This can be obtained as follow:
Dimension = 15.0 ft by 18.0 ft by 8.00 ftVolume =?Volume = dimension
Volume = 15.0 ft × 18.0 ft × 8.00 ft
Volume = 2160 ft³
Multiply by 28.3168 to express in liter
Volume = 2160 × 28.3168
Volume = 61164.288 L
How to determine the mass of dry airVolume of room = 61164.288 LDensity of air = 1.168 g/LMass of dry air =?The mass of the dry air can be obtained as follow:
Density = mass / volume
Cross multiply
Mass = Density × Volume
Mass of dry air = 1.168 × 61164.288
Mass of dry air = 71439.89 g
Divide by 1000 to express in kilograms
Mass of dry air = 71439.89 / 1000
Mass of dry air = 71.44 Kg
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SOMEONE, PLEASE ANSWER MY CHEMISTRY QUESTION ASAP WILL MARK BRAINLIST ASAP
Answer:
Whats the question? I can try and help you
Explanation:
I NEED HELP ASAP
When the polyatomic ion (SO2)-2 combines with the iron (III) ion, Fe+3, the formula for the compound is...
Select one:
a. FeSO4
b. Fe2SO4
c. Fe2(SO4)3
d. Fe3(SO4)2
Answer:
Iron(III) sulfate (AKA Fe2(SO4)3)
Explanation:
How is the orbital configuration of neutral atoms related to the atom’s chemical properties?
Responses
A Chemical properties of the atom can be shown through the orbital configuration due to the interaction of its protons with other atoms.Chemical properties of the atom can be shown through the orbital configuration due to the interaction of its protons with other atoms.
B Orbital configuration predicts the crystalline nature and structure of the atom and shows the structure formed as these atoms join together.Orbital configuration predicts the crystalline nature and structure of the atom and shows the structure formed as these atoms join together.
C Atom properties can be explained and defined through the orbital configuration and structure of the element's nucleus and its interactions.Atom properties can be explained and defined through the orbital configuration and structure of the element's nucleus and its interactions.
D The atom's orbital configuration shows the number of valence electrons present and predicts the number and types of bonds the atom will form.
option D is correct. The atom's orbital configuration shows the number of valence electrons present and predicts the number and types of bonds the atom will form.
What is atomic orbital configuration?A three-dimensional representation of an electron's most likely position within an atom is called an orbital.
The number and type of bonds that an atom is expected to make are among the chemical features of an atom that can be predicted using the orbital configuration of neutral atoms.
it Determines which atom will create the most bonds by using the orbital diagrams. Alkaline earth metal atoms combine with other elements to produce compounds.
So, thus we can say that The atom's orbital configuration shows the number of valence electrons present and predicts the number and types of bonds the atom will form.
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Which TWO statements CORRECTLY describe a trend in physical or chemical properties for the elements shown in the Periodic Table?
Responses
A>The chemical properties of all the elements present in each period are similar.
B>The chemical properties of all the elements present in each period are similar.
C>The chemical properties of the elements present in each group are similar.
D>The chemical properties of the elements present in each group are similar.
E>The ionic radii of elements increases moving from right to left across a period of the Periodic Table.
F>The ionic radii of elements increases moving from right to left across a period of the Periodic Table.
D and E are correct statements
Question 2
State the parameter plotted on the x-axis of a mass spectrum, in the form of_to_ratio. Give the answer using two words only separated by a space.
the parameter plotted on the x-axis of a mass spectrum, in the form 'mass to charge ratio'
Mass spectroscopy is the analytical tool useful for measuring the mass to charge ratio means m/z of one or more molecule present in a sample it is a technique in which the separates ionized particles such as atom, molecules by using differences in the ratio of their respective mass and also can be used to determine the molecular weight of the particles and in the mass spectrum the x axis are shown mass to charge ratio and y axis are shown abundance or relative intensity
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Is USA in the North or South American Plate? I'll mark you as brainliest
Answer: USA is on the North plate American!
Explanation:
7 types of chemistry
Answer:
Organic Chemistry.
Inorganic Chemistry.
Physical Chemistry.
Analytical Chemistry.
Stereochemistry.
Biochemistry.
Geochemistry.
Forensic Chemistry.
Explanation:
Question:
7 types of chemistry
Answer:
Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Stereochemistry, Biochemistry, Geochemistry, and Forensic Chemistry.
Explanation:
Inorganic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with inorganic compounds. Physical chemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the application of the techniques and theories of physics to the study of chemical systems. Analytical chemistry studies and uses instruments and methods to separate, identify, and quantify matter. Stereochemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms and molecules and the effect of this on chemical reactions. Biochemistry is the branch of science concerned with the chemical and physicochemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms. Geochemistry is the study of the chemical composition of the earth and its rocks and minerals, and Forensic chemistry is the application of chemistry and its subfield, forensic toxicology.
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a(n) is the fundamental particle of matter, and any further breakdown of this would result in loss of the properties that are unique to its element.
An Atom is the fundamental particle of matter, and any further breakdown of this would result in loss of the properties that are unique to its element.
What is an atom?The smallest piece of matter with all of an element's chemical properties is an atom. Neutrons, protons, and electrons make up an atom's three constituent parts. The atom's nucleus is a compact, positively charged core made up of protons and neutrons, and is surrounded by an electron cloud, which is made up of negatively charged electrons.
What are the properties of an atom? The mass of protons and neutrons is roughly equal to 1.67 × 10−24 grams defined as one atomic mass unit. Because electrons only weigh 9.11 × 10−28 grams or about 1/1800 of an atomic mass unit. they have a far lower mass than protons.The protons in an atom are indicated by the atomic number. How many protons and neutrons there are in an atom determines its atomic mass. The number of neutrons can differ amongst atoms of the same element, even while all of their protons are the same. Isotopes are the name given to such atoms.The number and configuration of electrons within the electron cloud determine how an atom will behave chemically.The atomic number (number of protons) and the number of neutrons(neutron number) together determine an element's nuclear properties (atomic mass, nuclear cross-sections).
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A(n) is a deep valley on land that forms along a divergent boundary
Along the diverging boundary, a deep valley known as a rift valley develops.
What is valley ?A valley is a long, low terrain that frequently stretches between hills or mountains. It usually has a river or stream that flows from one end to the other.
The majority of valleys are created by rivers or streams eroding the land's surface over a very lengthy period of time.
A valley is a low area of ground between hills, particularly one through which a river flows.
In "triple junctions," a type of divergent boundary where three tectonic plates collide at angles of around 120°, several rift valleys are found.
Thus, along the diverging boundary, a deep valley known as a rift valley develops
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the following list contains several properties of ethylene (a ripening agent for bananas). which are physical properties and which are chemical properties?
The list contains several belongings of ethylene( a growing agent for bananas). The properties shown by the given substance is :
Physical property is a kind of property that's measureable. It explains the state of the given substance or patches. Generally shows odor, color, texture, viscosity etc.
1. Tintless
2. Odorless
3. Gas at room temperature
4. Mixes with acetone
5. 1 L has a mass of1.260 under standard conditions
Hence the physical properties are tintless , odorless, gas at room temperature, one liter has a mass of1.260 under standard conditions, mixes with acetone.
Chemical property : A chemical property is defines as the material's belongings that is seen or observed in between the chemical reactions.
1. ignitable
2. polymerizes to form polyethylene
The given question is incomplete the complete question would be :
The ensuing list contains several belongings of ethylene (a growing agent for bananas). which are physical belongings and which are chemical properties?
Tintless
Odorless
Ignitible
Gas at room temperature
1 l has a mass of 1.260 under standard conditions
Mixes with acetone
Polymerizes to form polythene
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If 6. 000 g of sugar is mixed with 9. 000 g of water, what is the concentration in weight percent?.
The concentration in weight percent when 6 g of sugar is mixed with 9 g of water is 40%.
There are several ways to denote the concentration of a solution like
Molarity MolalityMass percentMole FractionThe formula for calculating mass percent is as follows
Mass per cent = (Mass of solute/Mass of solute + Mass of solvent) x 100%
In the given situation sugar is the solute and water is the solvent.
Putting the given values in the above formula
Mass per cent = (6/6+9) x 100%= 6/15 x 100% = 40%
Hence, the concentration in weight percent when 6 g of sugar is mixed with 9 g of water is 40%.
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Calculate the average atomic mass of the following isotopes of Magnesium:
Isotope: % Abundance
Magnesium-22.5 78%
Magnesium- 25.3 13%
Magnesium-24.6 9%
The average atomic mass of isotopes of magnesium is 23.4 amu
To get the average atomic mass we have to multiply mass of each isotopes to the % of abundance and then add and divided by 100.
Isotope of magnesium given as,
1) 22.5 amu has an abundance of 78%
= (22.5 × 78 ) = 1755.0
2) 25.3 amu has an abundance of 13 %
= ( 25.3 × 13 ) = 328.9
2) 24.6 amu has an abundance of 9 %
= ( 24.6 ×9) = 221.4
The average atomic mass of magnesium will be
= (1755.0 + 328.9 + 221.4 ) /100
= 23.4 amu
Thus,The average atomic mass of isotopes of magnesium is 23.4 amu
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The density (mass per volume) of most liquids increases as the __________ is lowered.
The density (mass per volume) of most liquids increases as the temperature is lowered.
When the temperature is lowered, most liquids become denser (mass per volume). Density decreases as temperature rises more. Density rises with a drop in temperature.
Most liquids expand in volume as the temperature rises, which causes the density of the liquids to decrease. Similar to this, as temperature drops, most liquids lose volume, increasing density.
The molecules of a liquid or gas move more quickly, collide, and spread apart when it is heated. The molecules take up more space because they are dispersed widely. Their density is lower. Whenever a liquid or gas is cooled, the opposite happens.
When a substance is heated, the molecules move faster and slightly farther apart, taking up more space and causing the density to decrease. When something is cooled, the molecules slow down and get a little closer together, taking up less space and becoming denser.
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HELP ASAP PLEASE!!! POINTS:30 WILL GIVE BRAINLIST!!!
We know that the equilibrium constant is a value that shows us the position to which the equilibrium position would switch when a constraint is imposed. We know that the imposition of a constraint would cause the equilibrium position to shift to the left or to the right in such a way that seeks to annul the change that is causing it.
We know that if a product is added, the equilibrium position would shift to the left and more reactants are produced. On the other hand, if a reactant is added, the equilibrium position would shift to the right and more products are added.
Having said this;
If we add the H3O^+ ion, then the equilibrium would shift to the left and if it is removed the equilibrium would shift to the right.
If we add the OH^- ion, the equilibrium would shift to the left and when it is removed the equilibrium would shift to the right.
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how would a larger crystal sodium chloride be similar to the model of the crystal?
The larger crystal sodium chloride could be represented perfectly by the use of the model of the crystal.
What is a crystal?A crystal is an arrangement of the ions in are found in an ionic substance. We know that ions are contained in crystals and that these ions are arranged in a definite pattern such that we have a crystal structure that is definite. The ions are arranged in a regular repeating pattern and models of the crystal could be shown in;
A ball and stick model
A space filling model.
Thus, a larger crystal could be replicated by a model. Note that the model serves the purpose of both explanation and predication of the properties of the sodium chloride crystal.
In the model, the sodium ions are arranged in alternate position with the chloride ions. The continuous network of the alternate ions in the system is the determinant of the properties of the system.
In a model, it is common to represent each of the ions in the system by the use of dots. The dots often have differing colors.
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URGENT!!
Observe the solubility chart below of Argon gas. According to the solubility chart below, what statement is TRUE about the solubility of argon gas and temperature of water in which it is dissolved?
a
As the temperature of the water increases, the solubility of Argon gas increases.
b
As the temperature of the water increases, the solubility of Argon gas decreases.
c
The solubility of Argon gas is the same for all temperatures shown.
d
The solubility of Argon gas is not dependent on temperature.
According to the solubility chart below the solubility of Argon gas is not dependent on temperature.
What is solubility ?The maximum amount of a chemical that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature is referred to as its solubility.
The solubilities of various compounds vary greatly, and this property of a particular solute-solvent pair is evident.
The addition of sugar cubes to a cup of tea or coffee serves as an example of a solution. A property that facilitates the dissolution of sugar molecules is solubility. Solubility is the property of a substance (solute) to dissolve in a certain solvent.
Solutes are divided into three categories: highly soluble, sparingly soluble, and insoluble based on the concentration at which they dissolve in a solvent.
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concentrated hcl has a specific gravity of 1.185 and is 36.5% w/w in hcl. describe how 1.0 l of 0.050 m hcl would be prepared from the concentrated reagent
Concentrated hcl has a specific gravity of 1.185 and is 36.5% w/w in hcl so 88 ml concentrated solution and in that add water
Here given data is concentrated hcl has a specific gravity of 1.185 and is 36.5% w/w in hcl and 88 ml concentrated solution 1.0 l of 0.050 m hcl would be prepared from the concentrated reagent because to make total 1 litre so we have to make total volume in that flask so to make total volume we have to take 88 ml of concentrated solution and add water to make a total of 1 litre to make 1.0 litre hcl add 88ml hcl concentrated solution and add water to make volume.
So, 1.0 l of 0.050 m hcl would be prepared from the concentrated reagent we have add water on it
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what kind of noncovalent interaction is typified by interactions between two molecules that are so close together that they can experience weak attractive forces bonding them together?
Van der Waals forces. Van der Waals forces are very weak forces between two very close surfaces.
Forces of van der Waals. When two surfaces are very close to one another, van der Waals forces are very weak.
Is the Van der Waals weak?In gases, liquefied and solidified gases, and nearly all organic liquids and solids, neutral molecules are drawn to one another by van der Waals forces, which are relatively weak electric forces.
Van der Waals interactions are nonionic forces that have a comparatively low energy of 0.5 to 1 kcal/mol.
The covalent link from its less electronegative Neighbour atom tends to drive the electron cloud toward neutral molecules with electronegative atoms like oxygen and nitrogen.
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If Jill has a 2.9L of gas at a pressure of 5.5 atm and a temperature of 50˚C. What will be the temperature of the gas if I decrease the volume of the gas to 2.4L and decrease the pressure to 3.3 atm? Show work please!
The final temperature of the gas is determined as -112.6 ˚C.
What is the final temperature of the gas?
The final temperature of the gas is calculated by applying general gas equation as shown below;
V1P1/T1 = V2P2/T2
where;
V1 is the initial volume of the gasV2 is the final volume of the gasP1 is the initial pressure of the gasP2 is the final pressure of the gasT1 is the initial temperature of the gas = 50˚C = 50 + 273K = 323 KT2 is the final temperature of the gas = ?Substitute the given parameters and solve for the final temperature of the gas.
T2 = (V2P2T1)/(V1P1)
T2 = (2.4 x 3.3 x 323)/(2.9 x 5.5)
T2 = 160.38 K
In degrees Celsius = 160.38 - 273 = -112.6 ˚C
Thus, the final temperature of the gas is determined as -112.6 ˚C.
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If you were to do a 50% serial dilution, starting with a 10% concentration, how many dilutions would you have to make before getting to 2. 5% as your final concentration?.
The number of dilutions needed to be made before getting to 2.5 % as the final concentration would be 2.
We are given that, we have to do 50% serial dilution, which means that after every dilution the concentration reduces to half of its initial value.
On starting with 10% concentration, the concentration after one dilution would be 5%.
After diluting it two times, the final concentration would be half of 5% i.e 2.5%.
Thus, the number of dilutions needed to be made before getting to 2.5 % as the final concentration would be 2.
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The maximum oxygen uptake is known as the __________. a. vo2 max b. ox max c. ox3 max d. vo max please select the best answer from the choices provided. a b c d
Option a. The maximum oxygen uptake is known as the VO2 max.
This means that the maximum amount of oxygen that one's body can take during the exercise is VO2 max.
An exercise is an aerobic activity that requires oxygen more than normal activities due to a lot of physical effort.
When people exercise, their breathe heavily because the body needs more oxygen.
During this process, the ATP empowers the cells to release CO2 that produces during the respiratory process when we exhale.
So the greater the VO2 max is, more will be the benefits. As the body can consume more oxygen, the maximum amount of ATP energy is generated.
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what does ethanoic anhydride and salicylic acid produce
Answer:
Aspirin
Explanation:
I'm doing the same unit in biology
At 80. 0°c and 12. 0 torr, the density of camphor vapor is 0. 0829 g/l. What is the molar mass of camphor?.
The molar mass of camphor is 152 g/mol.
ExplanationWe have given that,
P = 12 torr or 0.01579 atm
1 atm = 760 torr
Density = 0.0829 g/l
R = 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K
And temperature is
T = 273° K + 80° K
= 353° K
As we all know,
PV = nRT
so, PV = mass × R × T / molar mass
also, P = mass × R × T / volume × molar mass
here, mass/ volume = density (d)
P = dRT / molar mass
Now putting the values and simplify,
0.01579 = 0.0829 × 0.0821 × 353 / molar mass
molar mass = 152.156 g/mol.
thus, the molar mass of camphor is 152 g/mol.
What is molar mass?The molar mass of a chemical substance is determined in chemistry by dividing the amount of a substance with that compound by the quantity of that compound, which is the number of moles in exactly that sample, which is measured or calculated in moles.
In contrast to molecular properties, a substance's molar mass is a bulk property. The compound is present in many different forms, each with a different mass as a result of the isotopes. The molar mass is the average of these masses.
The molar mass is often calculated using the standard atomic weights and is therefore an average for Earth and a function of the relative abundance of the constituent atoms' isotopes.
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3.How does the Figure 2 model connect to phenomena?
4.Do you think the model shown in Fiqure 2 is useful?
Explain why or why not.
The model as shown in useful in the explanation of reflection.
What is a model?The term model refers to that which represents reality. A model could be used for the purpose of explanation or for the purpose of prediction. It is used to show how there are connections in real life.
Now let us examine the model as shown. We can see that this is a model of reflection. The image of the ball can be seen on the mirror because light that falls on the ball is reflected towards the mirror.
This model is very useful in the description of the the phenomenon of reflection in the real life.
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Consider the following four formulas: so2, b2h6, co, c4h2o2. which of these formulas could be only an empirical formula?
A formula that lists the relative amounts of the constituent components in a compound without specifying the number or configuration of atoms. The empirical formula is , thus option (d) is correct.
What is empirical formula?The formula that shows the ratio of elements present in the compound, but not the actual numbers of atoms found in the molecule. Empirical formula seems to be a compound chemical formula that only specifies the ratio of elements it contains, not the precise number as well as arrangements of atoms. This corresponds to compound elements with the smallest whole number ratio.
Empirical, molecular as well as structural formula are still the three basic category the easiest whole number ratio of a compound is shown by empirical formula. The number including each variety of atom in a molecule is shown by molecular formula, and the bonds between atoms in a molecule is shown by structural formula.
Thus, option (d) empirical formula is C₄H₂O₂ correct.
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How would you describe the bond that exists between two oxygen atoms to make the o2 molecule? how many lone pairs are present on each individual oxygen atom?.
The bond that exists between two oxygen atoms to make the O2 molecule is described as two covalent bonds and two lone pairs of electrons are present on each individual oxygen atom.
A double bond in chemistry is a covalent bond between two atoms that involves four bonding electrons, rather than two as in a single bond.
In the oxygen molecule, O2, the oxygen atoms that make up the molecule are bonded together by sharing two pairs of electrons. Each oxygen atom has 6 valence electrons, if they share two of their valence electrons with each other, they each have 8 valence electrons.
In this way, the so-called octet rule is fulfilled, where atoms gain, lose or share electrons with other atoms to have 8 valence electrons and thus acquire a noble gas configuration.
What is an atom?The atom is the smallest part of the composition of matter, it is indivisible and is composed of a nucleus that has protons and neutrons, and around the nucleus there are the electrons
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How are cohesion and surface tension related?
The intermolecular attraction force that acts between two adjacent parts of a substance, especially a solid or liquid, is known as cohesion. A piece of substance is held together by this force.
Surface tension is the propensity for liquid surfaces that are at rest to condense into the smallest surface area. Razor blades and insects, which have a density greater than that of water, can float on the surface of the water without even becoming partially buried because to surface tension.
How are cohesion and surface tension related?
The phenomenon known as surface tension is caused by the cohesive forces between liquid molecules.
The ability of a water surface to withstand breaking is referred to as surface tension when discussing a compound like water.
In a liquid, molecules will be drawn to one another. Cohesion is the molecular attraction of similar molecules, whereas adhesion is the molecular attraction of dissimilar molecules.
Cohesion is most closely connected to surface tension. For instance, water molecules are drawn to one another, which causes the surface tension of a pool of water.
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the following reaction takes place at high temperatures. solid chromium(iii) oxide reacts with liquid aluminum to give liquid chromium and liquid aluminum oxide.
When solid chromium(III) oxide reacts with liquid aluminium to give liquid chromium and liquid aluminium oxide at high temperature, the balanced chemical equation of the reaction including the states of matter can be written as :
Cr₂O₃(s) + 2Al(l) → 2Cr(l) + Al₂O₃(l)
This reaction occurs at high temperature because the reactivity is increased under this condition.The liquid aluminium is oxidized to form liquid aluminum oxide and the solid chromium(III) oxide is reduced to form liquid chromium.
Chromium(III) oxide is amphoteric in nature and insoluble in water. If it is reacted with aluminium, it gets reduced to the chromium metal. It is a type of simple replacement reaction as Chromium metal is replaced by the aluminium. It is an example of displacement reaction.
Correct question is -
The following reaction takes place at high temperatures. solid chromium(III) oxide reacts with liquid aluminum to give liquid chromium and liquid aluminum oxide. Write the balanced chemical equation (includes the states of matter).
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Could someone please help me with this?
B. The final speed of the ball when it hits the ground is determined as 24.2 m/s.
Final speed of the ballThe final speed of the ball can be determined by applying the principle of conservation of energy as follows;
K.E = P.E
¹/₂mv² = mgh
v² = 2gh
v = √2gh
where;
v is the maximum velocity of the ballh is the initial height of the ballg is acceleration due to gravitySubstitute the given parameters and solve for the maximum speed of the ball.
v = √(2 x 9.8 x 30)
v = 24.2 m/s
Thus, the final speed of the ball when it hits the ground is determined as 24.2 m/s.
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