When pepsin is in a pH 3 medium it will be active but not in its most active form and trypsin in a pH 3 medium will be inactive since it is at a more acidic pH than it acts.
What is the optimal pH at which these enzymes act?Pepsin will be at a high speed, but not the most optimal since the pH at which it works best is between 1.5-2.5 and at a higher pH it begins to deactivate. While trypsin needs a pH greater than 7.7 to start reacting since this is its optimal pH, then being in a medium with pH 3 it will not reach alkalinity to be able to react
Therefore, we can confirm that when pepsin is in a pH 3 medium it will be active but not in its most active form and trypsin in a pH 3 medium will be inactive since it is at a more acidic pH than it acts.
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which of the following is false about cells?
How does osmosis help cells to maintain homeostasis?
A-Through the movement of water molecules osmosis helps maintain an equilibrium of substances inside and
outside a cell.
B-Osmosis uses energy to move water through the cell.
C-Osmosis keeps the number of oxygen molecules the same both inside the cell and outside the cell.
D-Osmosis keeps the balance of energy the same both inside and outside the cell.
Osmosis is a process that helps cells maintain homeostasis by regulating the movement of water molecules across their membranes. Option A is the correct.
Through the movement of water molecules, osmosis helps maintain an equilibrium of substances inside and outside a cell. When there is a difference in the concentration of solutes (substances dissolved in water) on either side of a cell membrane, water molecules will move from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. This movement of water helps to equalize the concentration of solutes on both sides of the membrane, maintaining a balance and preventing the cell from becoming too dilute or too concentrated.
For example, if a cell has a higher concentration of solutes inside compared to the outside, water molecules will move into the cell through osmosis, increasing the volume and preventing the cell from shrinking. On the other hand, if the concentration of solutes outside the cell is higher, water molecules will move out of the cell, preventing it from bursting.
In summary, osmosis helps cells maintain homeostasis by regulating the movement of water molecules to achieve an equilibrium of substances inside and outside the cell.
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Using the two diagrams, describe at least 3 differences
between the bacteria cell and the other two cells using
the text box below.
Differences between animal, plant and bacteria cell are as follows:
Because they lack the nucleus, and a few other membrane-bound organelles, bacteria are unicellular, living organisms that belong to the prokaryotic cell family.Plant cells are eukaryotic cells that differ fundamentally from animal cells in a number of ways. The plant cell has a nucleus and other membrane-bound cellular organelles, much like the animal cell does. Plastids, a cell wall, and other cellular organelles are present in plant cells which are not seen in animal cells.Prokaryotic cells make up bacteria. Their genetic material is not covered by any nuclear membrane. In the cell's centre is where their genetic material is spread. Animal and plant cells that are eukaryotic have a clearly defined nucleus that is encased in a cell membrane.Eukaryotic cells exhibit substantial internal compartmentalization because they have membrane-bound organelles, whereas bacteria lack these organelles.70S ribosomes can be found in the cytoplasm of bacteria. Eukaryotes have 70S ribosomes in semi-autonomous organelles and 80S ribosomes in the cytoplasm (mitochondria, chloroplast).Learn more about the bacteria cell here:
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To give the cell time to repair its DNA, the protein ____________ is produced; this protein blocks cell division.
To give the cell time to repair its DNA, the protein SfiA is produced; this protein blocks cell division.
Are all compounds molecules? Why or why not?
Answer:
Yes, all compounds are molecules. However, all molecules are not compounds.
Explanation:
Describe structure and function of lipids
Answer:
The main function of lipids is storing energy as it can be broken down to yield large amount of energy. It is essential as it also forms the structural components of cell membranes. The structure of lipid is: glycerol backbone, 2 fatty acid tails (hydrophobic), and a phosphate group (hydrophilic).
Explanation:
You want to develop an herbicide that affects ATP synthesis in plants but not animals. What would you target to prevent ATP synthesis?
Herbicides are compounds that are used to eliminate undesirable weeds without damaging desired plants or crops.
A few herbicides have a broad spectrum of action and destroy weeds without targeting any particular weed species. A herbicide that interferes with ATP synthase will cause a decrease in ATP production since this enzyme uses a proton gradient to catalyse the synthesis of ATP. The herbicide triazine is an illustration of this class. A proton gradient that is formed in the thylakoid lumen, through the thylakoid membrane, and into the chloroplast stroma is used by ATP synthase to produce ATP during photosynthesis in plants.
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how is it possible for DNA to be found on saliva
Answer:
The DNA in saliva originates from cells that are shed from the inner linings of the mouth and from white blood cells.
Explanation:
DNA in saliva is from white blood cells and buccal epithelial cells that are shed from the mouth's inner linings, this makes it possible for DNA to be found on saliva.
now do the same with the second plastic shopping bag Square 3B what do you observe
A plastic shopping bag would create a light shadow on the wall. On the other hand, a cardboard will form a dark shadow.
Let's take the example of a cardboard, a plastic bag and a clear plastic bag and put them in front of a light source to observe the shadows being formed on the wall:
The cardboard forms a dark shadow on the wall because it is an opaque object. Opaque objects do not allow light to pass through them, hence a dark shadow is formed. The plastic shopping bag forms a somewhat lighter shadow on the wall because it is translucent. Translucent objects allow light to pass through them partially.The clear plastic bag forms a very light or even no shadow on the wall because it is transparent. Transparent objects allow light to pass through them completely.Hence, a plastic shopping bag would create a light shadow on the wall.
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Your question seems incomplete, please find the complete question below:
Observe and compare the shadows formed by a cardboard, a plastic shopping bag and a clear plastic bag on a wall.
Check the box of the macromolecule that each statement is describing. Some statements may describe more than one category
Below are the paired reduction reactions for chemolithotrophic denitrification: these organisms are using nitrate as an electron accepter and are using hydrogen gas as a source of energy and electrons.
2NO3- + 10e- -> N2 (+0.74 volts)
2H+ + 2e- -> H2 (-0.42 volts)
Using the information given, calculate the ΔE for this reaction, balance the full reaction to determine n, the number of electrons transferred when 307 moles of H2 are oxidized. Finally, use the simplified Nernst Equation
ΔG = -nFΔE, where F = 96.5 kJ (e- × V)-1
to determine the Gibbs Free energy available to do work!
Gibbs Free Energy is a thermodynamic potential that calculates amount of the work done by a thermodynamically closed system. The amount of ΔG° = -21712.98 kJ/mol.
How to calculate Gibbs Free Energy?Gibbs Free Energy is a thermodynamic potential. It depends upon internal potential energy, pressure, volume, temperature and entropy.
The equation given here is a redox reaction.
Oxidation :
H₂ ----> 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ [E°ox = +0.42 volts]
Reduction :
2NO³⁻ + 10e⁻ ----> N₂ [E°red = +0.74 volts]
To calculate the Gibbs Free Energy change, first balance the equations:
Oxidation :
H₂ ----> 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ ...×5
5H₂ ----> 10H⁺ + 10e⁻
Reduction :
2NO³⁻ + 10e⁻----> N₂
Balance the Oxygen atom and hydrogen atom,
2NO³⁻ +12H⁺+ 10e⁻----> N₂ + 6H₂O
Overall balanced reaction :
5H₂ + 2NO³⁻+ 2H⁺ -----> N₂ + 6H₂O
Number of electrons transferred is 10 , when 5 molecules of H₂ are oxidized.
To calculate the number of electrons transferred when 97 molecules of H₂ are oxidized = [(97×10)/5] = 194
Therefore, n = 194
E°cell = E°red + E°ox
0.74volts + 0.42volts = +1.16 volts
E°cell = +1.16 volts
Faraday constant (F) = 96485 C/mol
Standard Gibbs free energy of the reaction ,
∆G° = -nFE°cell
Or, ∆G° = -[194×96485×1.16] J/mol
Or, ∆G° = -21712.98 kJ/mol
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Proteins–large complex molecules–are major building blocks of all living organisms. Discuss the chemical composition and levels of structure of proteins.
Amino acids are the building blocks of all proteins, no matter their function. Proteins are typically a chain of 20 amino acids. The human body can use combinations of these same 20 amino acids to make any protein it needs.
The roughly 20 canonical amino acids can be categorized based on their characteristics. Charge, hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity, size, and functional groups are significant variables. Protein structure and protein-protein interactions are influenced by these characteristics. Leu, Ile, Val, Phe, and Trp are hydrophobic residues that are frequently buried in the center of water-soluble proteins, whereas hydrophilic side chains are exposed to the aqueous solvent.To know more about Amino acids, visit:
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4. Critical Thinking How would Mendel's observations and conclusions have been different if
many of the characteristics he studied, such as seed color and seed texture, had been controlled
by genes located close together on the same chromosome?
If following that would have happened in Mendel's observations and conclusions then there wouldn't be independent assortment.
What was Mendel's original experiment?Mendel started out by testing out a single pea plant trait at a time. He began with the hue of flowers. Mendel crossed-pollinated parent plants with purple and white flowers, as seen in the illustration below. The P (for parent)generation in the experiments stands for the parent plants. Mendel proposed three laws of inheritance, which are as follows.
The segregation of the two alleles of a particular gene into the gametes is described by Mendel's first law.In a heterozygote, one trait will mask the presence of another trait for the same characteristic, according to Mendel's law of dominance.According to Mendel's law of independent assortment, the alleles of two or more distinct genes are independently sorted into gametes.To know more about heterozygous :
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In a study about the effects of caffeine on student test
scores, researchers collected data about amounts of
caffeine consumed prior to a test and test scores. They
represented the data in a graph.
Caffeine consumed (mg)
Test score (percentage)
What explanation could the researchers give about these factors?
A. There is no correlation between amount of caffeine consumed and test score
B. There is evidence that a decrease in the amount of caffeine consumed caused a decrease in test scores
C. There is a correlation between caffeine and test score, but not enough to show cause.
D. There is evidence that an increase in the amount of caffeine consumed caused a decrease in test scores.
Suppose a 0.1M solution of a monosaccharide contains 1000 monosaccharide
molecules. How many monosaccharide molecules would be in a 0.1 M
solution of a disaccharide?
0.1 M solution of a disaccharide solution will contain 2000 monosaccharide molecules.
What are monosaccharides?The simplest monomers of carbohydrates, which can be either 3 carbon, 4 carbon, 5 carbon, 6 carbon, or 7 carbo compounds, are monosaccharides, often known as simple sugars.
Briefing:The following formula is used to determine how many monosaccharide molecules are present in a disaccharide's 0.1 M solution:
There are two monosaccharide molecules in every disaccharide molecule.
A monosaccharide solution comprises 1000 monosaccharide molecules in 0.1M.
A disaccharide solution at 0.1 M will have 2 * 1000 monosaccharide molecules in it.
2000 monosaccharide molecules make to 0.1 M of a disaccharide solution.
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Question 1 of 5
Prove: If two angles are supplementary, then one of the
angles must be obtuse.
Which image provides a counterexample to this
statement?
If two angles are supplementary then one of it must be obtuse. Because supplementary angles are those two angles whose sum is 180. If either of the two is acute then the other must be obtuse to satisfy the condition.
When two angles formed on a line and they adjacent to each other, then their sum is equal to 180°. Such two angles are called supplementary angles.
In the figure A,
Two angles are drawn, one of 40° and another of 140°. Sum of these two angles are 180°, so these two angles are supplementary.
Now, for any general case,
Let us assume that an acute angle of x° is is drawn on a line. Let the adjacent angle on that y° angle will,
x° + y° = 180°
y° = 180° - x°
the value of x can take place between,
0° < x° < 90°
So,
y° = 180°-x°
Y becomes,
90° < y° ≤ 180°
Hence Y is an obtuse angle.
It is proved that If two angles are supplementary, then one of the
angles must be obtuse.
There is no counterexample to this statement except the case referred in Image B.
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Which equation shows how cells use the energy stored in an energy carrier?
A. ADP + H+ → ATP
B. NADPH →NADP+ + H+
C. NADP+ + P→ ATP
D. ATP → ADP + NADPH
The equation that shows how cells use the energy stored in an energy carrier is as follows: ATP → ADP + NADPH (option D).
How is energy used in the cell?Energy is the capacity to do work and a very important criterion for every metabolic activity that occurs in living cells.
The energy currency in the cells of living organisms is Adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is a biomolecule that is used as a source of energy in cellular reactions.
Energy is stored in the cell when a phosphate group is added to ADP while the energy is dispensed for use when phosphate group is lost from ATP to become ADP.
This means that the equation that portrays how cells use the energy stored in an energy carrier is as follows: ATP → ADP + NADPH.
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Answer is B.
What role do cells play in organisms?
Answer:
Cells are the building blocks of life, consisting of a self contained and maintained environments, it consumes nutrients and then converts these nutrients into energy which carries out specialized functions throughout the body. Each cell within the body holds a set of instructions that differs from every other cell. Yet all living things are made of cells and all cells share certain functions and characteristics.
Explanation:
What physical property allows a substance to trap heat and keep it from transferring as quickly
A conductor like wood
A insulator like wood
A conductor like metal
A insulator like metal
A conductor like metal is the physical property which allows a substance to trap heat and keep it from transferring as quickly and is denoted as option C.
What is a Conductor?This is referred to as substance which allows the flows of electrons and heat to pass through it easily. Conductors are mainly metals and examples include Iron, Copper etc ad they are used in the transmission of electricity due to these property.
Insulators on the other hand are materials which don't allow the flow of electrons and heat easily and examples include non metals such as wood, plastic etc.
A conductor like metal will therefore ensure that heat is kept and not transferred quickly which is therefore the reason why option C was chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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The procurement of Henrietta Lack's cells brings up many ethical issues surrounding both informed consent and the ownership of genetic and biologic materials.
In what way was informed consent breached in this case?
Explain Dr. George Gey's role in the creation of the HeLa cell line. Did he benefit? If so, explain how.
Which ethical theory best describes his actions?
Many human genes have been patented and the resulting 2013 supreme court ruling left some gray areas in this regard. What are your thoughts about research and patents when it comes to biologic materials?
Should Henrietta Lacks' family receive money for the HeLa cells?
Should companies profit in general from genes or other biologic materials?
If not, do you think it will impact companies' willingness to do biomedical research? If yes, how could that impact healthcare?
The procurement of Henrietta Lacks cells brings up many issues including informed consent, medical records privacy, and communication with tissue donors and research participants.
What are HeLa cells?Black lady Henrietta Lacks was a 31-year-old mother of five who passed away from cervical cancer in 1951. She leaves a stunning legacy of ever reproducing cells that have effectively attained "immortality," carrying her name and memories with them. In laboratories all across the world, her cancerous cells have survived long after she passed away and have multiplied so rapidly that if put end to end, they could wrap the globe three times.
Little did Henrietta know when she went to a cancer clinic at Johns Hopkins in Baltimore in January 1951—the only hospital in the region at the time that treated African Americans—that she would eventually reach a type of immortality.
Without her consent or knowledge, her surgeon, Howard Jones, removed a tissue sample from her diseased womb. This sample was sent to George Otto Gey, a doctor and cancer researcher at the same Baltimore hospital, who was astounded by the cells' capacity to proliferate in lab culture.
Therefore, the procurement of her cells brings up many issues including informed consent, medical records privacy, and communication with tissue donors and research participants.
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Urgently!! I have test tomorrow!! I Need To Know!!
Which organelle is responsible for making proteins (Worksite)?
Answer:
The ribosomes
Explanation:
Answer: ribosomes
Explanation:
ribosomes are the organelles responsible for protein synthesis.
anyone who get it correctly will be mark as brainliest.
Which best illustrates the result of the process of meiosis?
A pea plant has the same flower color as its parent plants.
A daughter looks different from both her mother and her father.
A cheetah cub has very similar fur to its mother.
A Labrador puppy looks exactly like its father.
Answer:
A Daughter looking different from both her mother and father
Explanation:
When blood sugar levels are too high, the pancreas helps to maintain balanced blood sugar levels by releasing ____________ . This hormone helps the cells and liver take in extra sugar to lower the blood sugar levels back to their set point.
Question 2 options:
Glucogon
Oxygen
Glycogen
Insulin
Answer:
Glucogon
Insulin
Explanation:
Who says the following and why? "We do our best to preserve the amenities of civilization here. Please forgive any lapses. We are well off the beaten track, you know. Do you think the champagne has suffered from its long ocean trip?" Mrs. Sappleton is trying to make Framton calm down. Zarloff is dining Rainsford before the hunt. Della and Jim are pretending they're rich. The child from "The Open Window" is pretending she is grown-up.
General Zarloff is dining Rainsford before the hunt is the correct option for the question given.
What is civilization?A civilization can be any complex society characterized by development of the state, social stratification, urbanization, and symbolic systems of communication beyond natural spoken language.
From the expression given below, General Zarloff is dining with Rainsford before the hunt is the correct option for the question given.
The excerpt above was taken from the book titled "The most dangerous game " authored by Richard Connell.
Civilization is term applied to any society that has developed a writing system, a government, produces food in surplus, has a division of labor, and urbanization.
The first civilizations include:
Indus Valley Civilization: c. 7000 to c. 600 BCEMesopotamia's Sumerian civilization: c. 6000-1750 BCEEgyptian civilization: c. 6000-30 BCELearn more about civilization at: https://brainly.com/question/870459
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Which hypothesis of the collapse of Easter Island society would imply that humans were the sole source of the decline?
Ecocide hypothesis One of them is the ecocide speculation, mentioning that the populace as soon as suffered a huge disintegrate due to the fact they overexploited the herbal assets at the island. The different speculation is that a disintegrate happened after the Europeans got here to the island.
Five meters (16.five feet) in almost 10 years - "The soil on Easter Island may be very poor, there are not any minerals. So we want fertilizer for reforestation." But this Polynesian outpost wasn't constantly barren and denuded. Scientists have verified that the island become blanketed through forests till the seventeenth century.
Rapa Nui (or Easter Island, as it's miles normally known) is domestic to the enigmatic Moai, stone monoliths which have stood watch over the island panorama for masses of years. Their lifestyles is a surprise of human ingenuity — and their that means a supply of a few mystery.
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Primary lateral sclerosis is a disease that affects the body's ability to react to stimuli and causes a person to have difficulty moving the legs, body trunk, arms, hands, and face.
Which specialized cells are most affected by this disease?
epithelial cells, hepatocytes
neurons, epithelial cells
muscle cells, neurons
hepatocytes, muscle cells
Answer:
The specialized cells that are most affected by this disease include muscle cells, neurons (Option C). Primary lateral sclerosis is a motor disease.
What is primary lateral sclerosis?
Primary lateral sclerosis is a motor disease because it affects motor neurons and thus the nervous system.
This disease (primary lateral sclerosis) lead leads to loss the control of motor-movement skills over time.
Some common symptoms of primary lateral sclerosis include stiffness, muscle spasms, slow movements, etc.
Explanation:
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how much mass would you need to make 40.0 grams of a 5.0% KOH solution
2grams of KOH are needed.
Here we have to find the mass of KOH to be used to make 40.0grams of 5.0% KOH solution.
Total weight of the solvent = 40 g
Therefore,
(weigh of KOH)/( Total weight of the solvent) × 100 = 5
(Weight of KOH / 40 )× 100 = 5
Weight of KOH =( 5×40)/100
= 200/100
= 2grams
Therefore the mass of KOH to be used is 2grams.
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I don’t understand this can you please help me
Answer: Option C should be the best answer
Explanation: If you look at option A it can be ruled out because when population 1 temp, on the graph, changes from 15C to 20C there is a decline according to the arch.
Option B is similar in that population 1 continues to decrease on it's arch with temps from 20C to 25C.
Option C is not incorrect, as population 1 arch has a pinnacle of 15C and population 2 has a pinnacle of 25C respectively.
Option D can also be ruled out because neither populations reach those numbers for their arched graphs.
Therefore option C is correct
Question 3
Mutations lead to
Explanation:
Mutations can lead to different variations different traits never seen before also mutations can lead to no difference at all (pointless mutations)
9. What is meant by semiconservative replication? Sketch this process below.
Explanation:
relating to or being genetic replication in which a double-stranded molecule of nucleic acid separates into two single strands each of which serves as a template for the formation of a complementary strand that together with the template forms a complete molecule.