Answer:
True
Explanation:
The surface area and volume for four cells are given. Which combination of cell dimensions would be considered the MOST metabolically favorable?
A. cell 1: surface area 14 mm^2, volume 33 mm^3
B. cell 2: surface area 20 mm^2, volume 12 mm^3
C. cell 3: surface area 7 mm^2, volume 17 mm^3
D. cell 4: surface area 5 mm^2, volume 2 mm^3
Answer:D
Explanation:
Atom A has an atomic number of 7, an atomic charge of +1, and an atomic mass of 14 amu. How many valence electrons are present in this atom?
The number of valence electrons present in an atom with an atomic number of 7, an atomic charge of +1, and an atomic mass of 14 amu is 5.
In order words, the element has 5 valence electrons. This element is confirmed nitrogen.
What is valence electron?Valence electrons are those electrons which reside in the outermost shell of an atom of an element. That being said, they are electrons which are found at the last shell of electron orbit.
So therefore, the number of valence electrons present in an atom with an atomic number of 7, an atomic charge of +1, and an atomic mass of 14 amu is 5.
In order words, the element has 5 valence electrons. This element is confirmed nitrogen.
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Which of the following best describes an enzyme?
Question 1 options:
Enzymes are carbohydrates that provide large amounts of energy to cells.
Enzymes are proteins that serve as high energy reactants in chemical reactions causing them to speed up.
Enzymes store large amounts of energy that cells can use in its chemical reactions if other energy sources are depleted.
Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions but are neither the reactants or products of those reactions.
Answer: enzymes are proteins that speed up the chemical reaction but are neither the reactants or products of those reactions.
Explanation:
The correct option is Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions but are neither the reactants nor the products of those reactions.
Enzymes are biological catalysts that facilitate chemical reactions in living organisms. They are typically proteins (although some RNA molecules can also act as enzymes) and play a vital role in speeding up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.
Enzymes achieve this by binding to specific molecules called substrates and facilitating their conversion into products without being consumed or permanently altered in the process.
Option 4 accurately describes enzymes as proteins that speed up chemical reactions but are not themselves consumed or transformed in the reaction.
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Case study solving please
Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
Cholera is a bacterial infection of the small intestine. Vaccination provides protection against cholera. The cholera vaccine is made up of a
weakened form of the bacteria that causes cholera The vaccine will stimulate
v| production and elicit an immune response. If the
infection occurs again, the body will produce an even greater attack on the bacteria because of ?
Cholera is a bacterial infection of the small intestine caused by a bacteria called vibrio cholera that causes a large amount of watery diarrhea.
What is vaccination?.
It is a safe and effective way of protecting against harmful diseases by injecting dead or weakened organisms. It builds resistance to specific infections and makes immune system stronger.
Vaccine against cholera is not fully effective and does not protect from other foodborne or waterborne diseases.
Cholera vaccine is made up of live attenuated bacteria and killed bacterial cells which stimulates our immune sysytem.
Vaccines stimulates immune system and it protects our body from infection by producing memory B and T cells that are specific to the bacteria or virus.
This immune cells are quickly activated in the future to produce antibodies and providing greater attack on the bacteria when the same infection occurs again.
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.
Which of the following is true of BOTH mitochondria and chloroplasts?
• contain DNA
• metabolize molecules to generate ATP
• bounded by two membranes
• site of oxidative metabolism
• arose by endosymbiosis
• use light to synthesize glucose
The statement that is true about both mitochondria and chloroplast is as follows:
contain DNA bounded by two membranes site of oxidative metabolismWhat is mitochondria and chloroplast?Mitochondria is the ovoid shaped organelle found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and contains genetic material (DNA) separate from that of the host. It is responsible for the conversion of food to usable energy in the form of ATP.
On the other hand, the chloroplast is an organelle found in the cells of green plants where photosynthesis takes place, characterized by a high concentration of chlorophyll and two membranes.
Based on the description of these two organelles, it can be said that both organelles possess the following features;
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Which of the following is NOT one of the ways that protists are grouped?
A.The way that they reproduce
B.The way they move
C.Their size
D.How they get there energy and food
The following is not one of the ways protists are classified: their size, which is present in Option C because protists are classified based on their energy source and other factors.
What characteristics do protists have?Protists are eukaryotic cells; they are unicellular, such as amoebas, and they have organelles like the nucleus, vacuole, golgi, and so on that are found in other eukaryotic organisms, and apart from that, the amoeba does have the contractile vacuole that helps in the proper digestion of the food, and they also have different modes of taking the nutrition as some of them are plant-like and some of them are animal-like.
Hence, the following is NOT one of the ways protists are classified: their size, which is present in Option C because protists are classified based on their energy source and other factors.
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Membranes consist of many different types of fatty acids, which confer different properties, including membrane fluidity. Which of the following fatty acids is the LEAST adaptive to maintaining a fluid membrane at cold temperatures?
a)Myristoleic CH3(CH2)3CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
b)Arachidonic CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)3COOH
c) Caprylic CH3(CH2)6COOH
d) Linoleic CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
The correct answer is Myristoleic CH3(CH2)3CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
Factors affecting membrane fluidity are:
The mosaic structure: The essential lipids and proteins are independent but loosely bound molecules that are present in the membrane.The phospholipids: The phospholipid tails' fatty acids are in their saturated form, which is devoid of double bonds between nearby carbon atoms and saturated with attached hydrogen atoms. As a result, the tails are mostly straight. Unsaturated fatty acids, in comparison, do not have the greatest amount of hydrogen atoms, but they do include some double bonds between nearby carbon atoms; a double bond causes the string of carbons to bend by around 30 degrees. Therefore, if straight-tailed saturated fatty acids are squeezed by lowering temperatures, they press in on each other to create a dense and reasonably rigid membrane. When unsaturated fatty acids are squeezed, the "kinks" in their tails push nearby phospholipid molecules apart, preserving some distance between them. At temperatures where membranes containing saturated fatty acid tails in their phospholipids would "freeze" or "solidify," this "elbow room" aids in maintaining fluidity in the membrane.In a chilly climate, the relative fluidity of the membrane is crucial. Membranes made primarily of saturated fatty acids are often compressed in a cold environment, becoming less fluid and more prone to rupturing.Thus, the correct answer is Myristoleic.
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Question # 3
Multiple Choice
Recognition of the scene is when
the CSI investigator identifies the victims and
suspects
the CSI officer in charge relieves the first
responder in charge
the CSI security log is begun
O
the entire scope and range of the scene is
established and secured
If you have an experiment where you are testing whether or not plants grow more with miracle grow, what is the independent variable?
1. type of plants
2. miracle grow
3. amours of growth
4. water, sunlight, nutrients
Intestinal crypts ________.
Intestinal crypts increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine and produce new cells for the mucosa of the small intestine.
The correct answer choice is option e.
How the intestinal crypts increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine?The intestinal crypts; which is found between the villi of the lining of the intestines. It is the presence of this villi structures in the small intestine which increases the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine and produce new cells for the mucosa of the small intestine.
The intestinal crypts also helps in repairing and renewing the epithelium of the intestine.
The intestinal villi are structures that are located on the surface of the intestine which will be formed by cells that have absorption capacity, the enterocytes. Within each villus there will be capillaries and a chiliferous vessel that will have the function of increasing the absorption surface of the intestine.
In conclusion, the intestinal crypts increases the surface area of the intestine.
Complete question:
a. only increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine.
b. only carry products of digestion that will not pass through the walls of blood capillaries.
c. only produce new cells for the mucosa of the small intestine.
d. only function in the absorption of nutrients.
e. increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine and produce new cells for the mucosa of the small intestine.
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which of the statements is true about active transport?
A active transport does not require energy.
B active transport occurs automatically.
C active and passive transport are the same thing.
D active transport move molecules against the concentration gradient.
Answer:
D - active transport move molecules against the concentration gradient.
Explanation:
Below are the half reactions for sulfate reduction using acetate as a source of electrons, energy, and carbon.
2CO2 + 8e- -> CH3COO- (-0.29 volts)
SO42- + 8e- -> H2S (-0.22 volts)
Using the information given, calculate the ΔE for this reaction, balance the full reaction to determine n, the number of electrons transferred when 400 moles of SO42- are reduced. Finally, use the simplified Nernst Equation
ΔG = -nFΔE, where F = 96.5 kJ (mol e- × V)-1
to determine the Gibbs Free energy available to do work!
ΔG = -nFΔE , The Gibbs free energy for the reaction is - 27020 KJ
What is Gibbs free energy?The Gibbs free energy shows entropy and enthalpy of a reaction.
ΔG = -nFΔE,
F= 96.5 KJ,
n = 400 moles,
ΔE = -0.29- (-0.22) = -0.29+ 0.22 = -0.7 KJ.
ΔG = -nFΔE,
= 400* 96.5 * -0.7 KJ.
= - 27020 KJ
Therefore, ΔG = -nFΔE , The Gibbs free energy for the reaction is - 27020 KJ
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Why was CJD research suspended in France? *
CJD research was suspended in France because following the discovery that a former laboratory employee has been diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, all publicly financed laboratories in France have suspended using infectious prions for a period of three months.
On July 27, the French government and five of the country's largest public research institutions jointly announced that prions—misfolded proteins thought to be responsible for a number of disorders, including Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease—would no longer be used in research.
The Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) patient, whose form is still unknown, is a former INRAE employee. This may be the second instance of infectious CJD affecting a scientist who studied prions, following the death in 2019 of an assistant engineer who contracted the illness after being hurt in an experiment in 2010.
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Continue your comparison of electron transport chain (ETC) and chemiosmosis in mitochondria and chloroplasts. In each case, a) where do the electrons come from (1 point)? b) how do the electrons get their high potential energy (1 point)? c) what picks up the electrons at the end of the chain (1 point)? d) how is the energy released as electrons are transferred down the ETC used (1 point)?
In mitochondria, electrons come from food molecules, whereas in chloroplast electrons come from splitting of water.
Eectron carriers such as NADH and FADH2 give electrons their high potential energy
Oxygen picks up the electrons at the end of the chain
The energy released as electrons are transferred down the ETC are used to transport H+ across membrane.
What is electron transport chain?The electron transport chain, ETC is a series of four protein complexes that couple redox reactions, creating an electrochemical gradient that leads to the creation of ATP in a complete system named oxidative phosphorylation.
In the comparison of electron transport chain and chemiosmosis in mitochondria and chloroplasts, we have the following
In mitochondria:
a) food moleculesb) electrons have high potential energy in bonds of organic molecules or electron carriers such as FADH2, NADH and cytochrome cc) electrons passed to oxygen, which picks up H+ and forms waterd.) energy released by redox reactions in the electron transport chain used to transport H+ across membrane.In chloroplasts:
a) splitting of waterb.) light energy excites electrons to higher energy levelc) electrons flow from water to reaction-center chlorophyll in photosystem II to the reaction-center chlorophyll in photosystem I to NADP+, reducing it to NADPH.d.) energy released by redox reactions in the electron transport chain used to transport H+ across membrane.Therefore, in the ETC, electrons transferred to oxygen by electron carrier molecules.
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how does the geology of a region affect the chemistry of the groundwater
Answer:
Due to different mineral deposits, groundwater may contain different minerals. I think it was in California, not 100% sure, but there was silver in the water a long time ago and now there are veins of silver everywhere.
Places that have lots of calcium and zinc in the ground may create hard water (water that has lots of minerals in it).
Hard water is a problem in many places because it clogs pipes and taps. You may see in your house if you look into the faucet, there can be white buildup. That is minerals from hard water.
Hope that helps
As human populations increase, more shelter is needed. Increasing shelter often requires making a trade-off with another resource. In which case is a food resource decreased to increase a shelter resource?
With the increase in human population, the need for shelter increases which can be fulfilled by converting the farmland into house lots. Thus, A is the correct option.
What is Carrying Capacity?
Carrying capacity of an environment is the maximum population size of a species that can be sustained by that specific environment with all the available resources.
The size of a population is checked by the environmental factors like food, shelter, and mates. If the needs of a population is not met then the population will decrease until all the requirements are fulfilled or resources restored.
When the population size increases the requirement for shelter increases. To fulfill the requirement for shelter a trade-off in food resource can help in converting farmlands into house lots. Therefore, A is the correct option.
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Your question is incomplete, probably the complete question/missing part is:
A. Farmland is converted into house lots
B. Old-growth timber is cut to build houses
C. Corn is made into ethanol for cars instead of food
D. Wind power generated on farmland provides electricity for a factory
The process our body continually uses to help maintain homeostasis for our blood sugar levels is an example of ____________________.
Question 4 options:
Negative Feedback Loop
Positive Feedback Loop
Homeostasis Mechanism
Both A and B
The process our body continually uses to help maintain homeostasis for our blood sugar levels is an example of Homeostasis Mechanism.
The correct answer choice is option c
What is meant by homeostasis?Homeostasis can simply be defined as the regulation, adjustment and maintenance of the internal environment of an organism.
Homeostatic mechanism involves three main parts:
The receptorThe effectorControl centerHomeostasis mechanism help to raise the blood glucose levels when its below normal and also lowers the blood glucose levels when it is too high.
This is achieved by the hormones; insulin and glucagon.
So therefore, the process by which our body continually uses homeostasis to maintain our blood sugar levels is an example of Homeostasis Mechanism.
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Describe an experiment that can help determine whether jellyfish can maintain constant salt levels under different external conditions. Include the variables that the scientist should measure.
Explain how the scientist can tell whether the jellyfish can maintain homeostasis by looking at the data.
Explain how not being able to maintain homeostasis under changing salt conditions could be harmful to the jellyfish.
In the given experiment, the scientist can tell that the jellyfish can maintain homeostasis by looking at the number of jellyfish which survive. The jellyfish which could not maintain homeostasis will die.
What is Homeostasis?Homeostasis is the state of constant physical and chemical conditions by a living organism. Homeostasis is important for the optimal functioning of the body.
An equilibrium is maintained for the pre-defined limits of the variables including body temperature and fluid balance. Any failure to maintain the equilibrium will result in disease or death of an individual.
Therefore, when the external conditions are changed the organisms which maintain their homeostasis will survive while those who fail to maintain the homeostasis will die.
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Which hummingbird adaptation is most advantageous for supporting their high metabolism?
The hummingbird's ability to enter torpor is its adaption that is most useful for sustaining their fast metabolism.
All of the following are lipids commonly found in the human body except
a. triglyceride
b. cholesterol
c. estradiol
d. albumin
e. phospholipid
All of the following are found in the human body except albumin.
What are lipids?
Lipids are the kinds of fat in the body. Triglycerides, cholesterol, estradiol, and phospholipids are found in the human body.
Albumin is a egg protein found in eggs. More than 95% of the lipids in the diet are composed of triglycerides, which are frequently present in fried meals, butter, milk, cheese, and some meats.
Only around 2 percent of the dietary lipids are phospholipids. They exist in both plants and animals and are water soluble. Estradiol is a kind of steroid hormone.
Therefore, All of the following are found in the human body except albumin.
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A scientist is testing whether light color affects plant
growth. She places three groups of plants in boxes, each
with only one color of light: red, blue, or green. She places
a fourth group of plants in natural light. Each day she
measures the plants and records their growth.
What is the independent variable in this experiment?
A. The type of plants she used
B. The growth of the plants
C. The plants in natural light
D. The color of light the plants received
The type of plants she used is the independent variable in this experiment. Thus option A is correct.
What are the types of variables in experiment ?Variables can be defined as the measurable factor that compulsorily added to an experiment which can manipulate and control the research.
An independent variable can be defined as the singular characteristic which can not be influenced by other factor, Age is an independent variable.
A dependent variable can be changed by other factors like independent variable; Control variable which remain constant and show no effect on other variables, it is mainly used to prevent bias in an experiment.
Thus option A is correct.
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Definition in yours own words mass
A large body of matter with no definite shape, colour, density is called mass.
What is the definition of mass?
The amount of matter in a physical body is known as mass. In mechanics the mass is defined as the mass of an object is related to the force required to accelerate it and therefore related to its inertia and is essential to Newton's laws of motion.
Every thing which we can see around us is mass because it contains the matter like chair, table, jug, bat, bed, bag, bottle, football, glass, charger, mobile phone, basketball, hockey and many other things which we can see around us are the examples of the mass.
The formula of mass which we can use is Mass = volume × density.
The symbol of mass is m and the SI unit of the mass is kilogram (kg).
So we can conclude that a large body of matter with no definite shape, colour, density is called mass.
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Compounds pure substances made of two or more types of
and are
A compound has the same composition throughout, which is called
Compounds be separated by physical means. Separating a
compound requires a chemical reaction.
The properties of a compound are usually than the properties
of the elements it contains.
Compounds exist as pure substances created of two or more kinds of atoms bound together. Compounds can even be broken down into easier substances.
What is meant by compound?A compound is a substance created by the chemical fusion of two or more elements. Covalent bonds and ionic bonds are two typical forms of bonds that hold components in a compound together. Any compound will always include each ingredient in a specific ratio.
A compound is a pure material that is created when two or more components are chemically mixed in a specific (or constant) mass proportion (or weight). when at least two elements combine chemically to create a compound, a new substance.
Pure substances known as compounds are created by joining two or more different types of atoms. Additionally, compounds can be divided into more basic components.
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Which steps in an experimental investigation are not part of descriptive or
comparative investigations?
A. Asking questions and forming conclusions
B. Making observations and collecting data
C. Testing hypotheses and identifying variables
OD. Using tools and making inferences
SUBMI
Using tools and making inferences is not a part of comparative investigations. The correct option is D.
What is comparative investigations?To make a comparison, comparative investigations involve collecting data on different organisms/objects/features or collecting data under different conditions (e.g., times of year, temperatures, locations).
Descriptive research is used to reach a conclusion or inference. Relationships are determined through comparative studies.
A hypothesis should be established in both comparative and experimental studies.
Subjects in causal-comparative research are already divided into groups because the action or event has already occurred, whereas subjects in experimental research designs are chosen at random prior to variable manipulation.
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Answer:
B. testing hypotheses and identifying variables
Explanation:
cause im like that;)
Match each cell part to its function by recording the letter of the correct Part of
Cell.
✓
where lipids are produced
breaks down fatty acids,
amino acids, and some
toxins
provides mechanical
supports and anchorage to
the cell
these fibers strengthen or
change of the shape of
eukaryotic cells
1. Cytoskeleton
2. Peroxisomes
3. Microfilaments
4. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
From matching Words With there characteristics we have,
1. Cytoskeleton - 3
2. Peroxisomes - 2
3. Microfilaments - 4
4. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum – 1
1. Cytoskeleton
Function: Maintains the cell's form and provides it with mechanical structure. a balance between opposing forces acting on it keeps it stable. provides organelles and enzymes in the cytosol with anchoring. can be taken apart and put back together again to modify the shape of the cell.
As a result of interactions between motor proteins and the cytoskeleton, cells can move and change location.
2. Enzymes are located inside the single membrane-bound peroxisome.
Function: Remove H from different substrates and transfer it to O2, forming H2O2, which is then converted to H2O. metabolizes fatty acids to produce fuel
In the fat-storing tissue of plant seeds are specialized peroxisomes called glyoximes that start the process of converting fat to sugar.
Eukaryotic cells
3. Actin filaments, also known as microfilaments, are protein filaments that make up the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells and are found in their cytoplasm. Actin polymers make up the majority of them, but they also interact with and are changed by many other proteins in the cell.
4. Many different responsibilities that the SER plays are frequently highlighted in specific cell types because those roles call for increased SER functionality. The release of glucose from glycogen, calcium storage, drug detoxification, and lipid synthesis are four typical tasks.
Thus, the above given match the column is the right answer.
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Why is it important to identify structures in Prokaryotes that are different from Eukaryotes?
Answer:
I guess it's important to tell the identify structures between the two to determine if you are studying the cells of Bacteria and Archaea, or if you're studying the cells of plants, animals, protists, or fungi.
A hydrolysis reaction does what?
Forms polymers by removing a water molecule
Forms monomers by adding a water molecule
Forms monomers by removing a water molecule
Forms polymers by adding a water molecule
In the food chain below, which is the producer?
grass mouse snake hawk
grass
mouse
snake
hawk
Answer:
grass lol
Explanation:
- Consider a 200-cm3 (cc) soil core that weighs 260 g when oven-dried and 360 g when saturated. The
core can hold 100 g of water (equivalent to 100 cm3), so total pore space is 100 cm3. Porosity is 100
cm3/200 cm3 x 100%, or 50%. This is a typical porosity measure for a medium-textured soil. Calculate the
particle density (PD) of this soil sample.
Particle Density = 2.6 g/cm³
The particle density of an aggregate is defined as the ratio between the mass of a given amount of the aggregate and the total mass of all its individual particles. Only the voids inside the particles are included in this volume; the space between the particles is not. The particle density is influenced by both the material's particular density and the amount of vacant space within the particles. Particle density is significantly influenced by the amount of empty space present inside the particles.
The substance weighs 260 g.
Particle density is calculated by dividing the mass of a particle by the volume of soil solids:
Particle volume = 200-100
= 100 cm³
Particle density = 260/100 = 2.6 g/cm³
Therefore, Particle Density = 2.6 g/cm³
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